BivalTyp

Show Russian meta:

‘wash’

Argument frame:

X (wash) Y

Stimulus sentence:

P. washed the cup .

Predicate label Ru:

мыть

Argument frame Ru:

X (мыть) Y

Stimulus sentence Ru:

П. вымыл чашку .

Abaza ʒ̂ʒ̂a

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: ABS

Locus: TR

a-č’ḳʷən	a-č̣’at	j-ʒ̂ʒ̂a-d
def -boy	def -cup	3 sg . m . erg -wash( aor )- dcl
‘The boy washed the cup.’

Adyghe (West Circassian) thač̣ʼə

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: ABS

Locus: TR

č̣ʼale-m	čʼaške-r	ə-thač̣ʼə-ʁ
guy- obl	cup- abs	3 sg . erg -wash- pst
‘The guy washed the cup.’

Aghul ʡučː.u-

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: ABS

Locus: TR

aslan.a	qːab	ʡučː.u-ne
pn ( erg )	tableware	wash. pf - aor
‘Aslan washed the dishes.’

Alik Kryz çeşka zima-du

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: NOM

Locus: TR

terlan-ir	çeşka	zima-du
pn - erg	cup( f )	wash. pf - aor . f
‘Terlan washed the cup.’

Archi

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: NOM

Locus: TR

paša-mu	gruška	čučəbo
pn - obl ( erg )	gruška	wash. pfv
‘Паша вымыл чашку.’

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic +xalləl

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

baxta	+xulləl-la	+stican
woman( f )	wash. pst - ls .3 f	glass( m )
‘The woman washed the glass.’

Azerbaijani yumaq

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

Aslan	fincan-ı	yu-du
pn	cup- acc	wash- pst (3)
‘Aslan washed the cup.’

Bambara kò

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Fántà	ye	kúnan`	kò
pn	pfv . tr	dish\ art	wash
‘Fanta washed a dish.’

Brazilian Portuguese lavar

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Pedro	lav-ou	a	xícara
pn ( m )	wash-3 sg . pst	def . f	cup( f )
‘Pedro washed the cup.’

Catalan rentar

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

en	Pere	rent-ava	la	copa
def . sg . m	pn ( m )	wash-3 sg . ipfv . ind	def . sg . f	cup( f )
‘Pere washed the cup.’

Czech umýt

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

Petr	umy-l	hrnek
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ]	wash( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]	mug( m )[ acc . sg ]
‘Petr washed the mug.’

Danish vaske

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Peter	vaske-de	kopp-en
pn	wash- pst	cup( c )- def . sg
‘Peter washed the cup.’

Dutch schoonmaken

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Piet	heeft	een	kopje	schoon-ge-maak-t
pn ( c )	have.3 sg	art . indf	cup( n )	clean- ptcp -make- ptcp
‘Piet washed a cup.’

Eastern Maninka dɔ́kò

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Fántà	kà	à	lá	fɛ́`	dɔ́kò.
pn	aor . tr	3 sg	poss	gourd\ art	wash
‘Fanta washed her gourd.’

English wash

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Peter	washed	the	cup.

Estonian pesema

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: GEN~PART~NOM

Locus: TR

Peeter	pes-i	tassi
pn . sg . nom	wash- pst .3 sg	cup. sg . gen
‘Peeter washed the cup.’

Finnish pestä

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: GEN~PART~NOM

Locus: TR

Pekka	pes-i	kupi-n
pn . nom	wash- pst .3 sg	cup- gen
‘Pekka washed the cup.’

Forest Enets kɔlta

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: OBL

Locus: TR

modʲi	nɛ-jʔ	dʲizi-da	kɔlta-bi-za
i	woman- nom . sg .1 sg	cauldron- obl . sg .3 sg	wash( pfv )- prf -3 sg . so sg
‘My wife washed the bucket’.

French laver

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Paul	a	lavé	sa	tasse
pn ( m )	have. prs .3 sg	wash. pst . ptcp . m	one’s. sg . f	cup( f )
‘Paul washed his cup.’

Georgian ga-Ø-recx-av-s (FUT)

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: NOM

Locus: TR

p'et're-m	č'ika-Ø	ga-Ø-recx-a
pn - erg	glass- nom	prv :outward- do 3-wash- s 3 sg . pst
‘Petre washed the cup.’

German spülen

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

Karl	spül-te	die	Tasse
pn [ nom . sg ]	wash- pst .3 sg	def . f . acc . sg	cup[ acc . sg ]
‘Karl washed the cup.’

Icari Dargwa AGR=ирц-иб

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: ABS

Locus: TR

Islam-il	baʁdaʁ	b=irc-ib
pn - erg	cup. abs	n =wash: pf - aor
‘Islam washed the cup.’

Irish nigh

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

D’=nigh	Pól	an	cupa.
pst =wash	pn	def	cup
‘Pól washed the cup.’

Italian lavare

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Leo	ha	lavato	la	tazz-a
pn ( m )	aux .3 sg . prs	wash. pst . ptcp	def . sg . f	cup- sg . f
‘Leo washed the cup.’

Kalderash Romani xalavel

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

ə	Marijk-a	xala-ď-a	ə	kuć-i
art . f . dir . sg	pn - nom . sg	wash- pst -3 sg	art . f . dir . sg	cup- acc . sg
‘Marijka washed the cup.’

Kazakh žu

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

Petya	kese	žuw-dï
pn	cup	wash- pst 1.3 sg
‘Petya washed the cup.’

Kazym Khanty λˊǒχǝtti

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

pet’a-j-en	an-ǝλ	λˊǒχǝt-ǝs
pn - ep - poss .2 sg	cup- poss .3 sg	wash- pst [3 sg ]
‘Petja washed the cup.’

Khwarshi esana

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: ABS

Locus: TR

di-lo	uža	isu-lo-č	žoho	esajna	k'ot'e
1 sg . o - gen 2	son\ erg	dem . an . o . i - gen 2- its	after	wash\ pst . w	plate( iii )
‘My son washed his plate after himself.’

Kina Rutul jidʁɨr

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: NOM

Locus: TR

samira-ra	ist’ek’an	ji<d>ʁɨ-r
pn - erg	glass( nom )	<4>wash. pfv - cvb
‘Samira washed the cup.’

Kumyk žuwmaq

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: DO

Locus: TR

patimat	čaška-nɨ	žuw-d-u
pn	cup- acc	wash- pst -3 sg
‘Patimat washed the cup.’

Latin lavo

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

ancill-am	quae	latrin-am	lava-t
servant( f )- acc . sg	which. nom . sg . f	loo( f )- acc . sg	wash[ prs . ind ]- act .3 sg
‘... a servant girl who washes the loo.’
Note: (Pl. Cur. 580)

Laz o-čx-u

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: NOM

Locus: TR

Fatma-k	ang-ep-e	do-Ø-čx-u.
pn - erg	glassware- pl - nom	prv - do 3-wash- s 3 sg . pst
‘Käzim washed the plates&dishes.’

Mandarin Chinese qīngxǐ

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Zhāngsān	qīngxǐ	le	bēizi
pn	wash	pfv	cup
‘Zhangsan washed the cup.’

Mano pɛ́lɛ́

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

lāā	pɛ́lɛ́-pɛ̀lɛ̀
3 sg . pst >3 sg	wash- inf
‘she is washing him.’

Mingrelian go-Ø-rčx-un-s (FUT)

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: NOM

Locus: TR

čelo-k	č'irka-Ø	go-Ø-rčx-u
pn - erg	glass- nom	prv - do 3-wash- s 3 sg . pst
‘Chelo washed the cup.’

Modern Hebrew ʃataf

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Pinχas	ʃataf	et	ha	kos
pn	wash[ pst .3 sg . m ]	do	def	cup
‘Pinchas washed the cup.’

Mukhad Rutul sidʁın

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: NOM

Locus: TR

murad-a	čaška	sidʁı-ri
pn - erg	cup	n .wash. pf - aor
‘Murad washed the cup.’

Nanai selko-

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: OBL

Locus: TR

Petia	kota-mba	selko-xa-ni
pn	cup- obl	wash- pst - p .3 sg
‘Petia washed the cup.’

Nivkh zud

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Kaskazik	ŋirŋ	+	ɟu-d
pn	cup	+	wash- ind
‘Kaskazik washed the cup.’

Northern Mansi lowtəs

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

pājel	āni	lowt-əs
pn	cup	wash- pst [3 sg ]
‘Pasha washed the cup.’

Northern Yukaghir loɣorǝ=

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

Sǝmiǝn	suskǝ-lǝ	loɣo-rǝ-m
pn	cup- acc	get_washed- caus - tr .3 sg
‘Semien washed the cup.’

Norwegian Bokmål å vaske

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Per	vaske-t	kopp-en
pn	wash- pst	cup- def . m . sg
‘Per washed the cup.’

Polish umyć

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

Jacek	umy-ł	filiżank-ę
pn [ nom . sg ]	wash: pfv - pst [ m .3 sg ]	cup- acc . sg
‘Jacek washed the cup.’

Russian vymytʹ

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

Pet-ja	vymy-l	čašk-u
pn ( m )- nom . sg	wash( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]	cup( f )- acc . sg
‘Petja washed the cup.’

Serbian oprati

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

Petar	je	opra-o	šolj-u
pn . nom . sg	be. prs .3 sg	wash- part . perf . m . sg	cup- acc . sg
‘Petar washed the cup.’

Shughni zinêdow

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: OBL

Locus: TR

Ahmed=i	xu	čīni	zino-d
pn =3 sg	refl	cup	wash- pst
‘Ahmed washed the cup.’

Skolt Saami põõssâd

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

Peâtt	põõzz-i	koopp
pn . sg . nom	wash- pst .3 sg	cup. sg . acc
‘Pete washed the cup.’

Slovak umýť

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

Peter	umy-l	pohár
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ]	wash( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]	mug( m )[ acc . sg ]
‘Peter washed the mug.’

Slovenian umiti

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

Peter	je	umi-l	skodelic-o
pn [ nom . sg ]	aux .3 sg	wash: pfv - lpt [ m . sg ]	cup- acc . sg
‘Peter washed the cup.’

Sorani Kurdish ʂirdin

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Hîwa	fincan-eke=î	ʂird-Ø
pn	cup- def =3 sg . pc	wash. pst -3 sg
‘Hiwa washed the cup.’
Note: The 3SG.PC morpheme indexes the subject of the transitive clause in the past tense.

Southern Rutul sidq'ın

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: NOM

Locus: TR

murad-a	t'ılay	sidq'ı-r
pn - erg	tin_jug	n .wash. pf - indic
‘Murad washed the tin jug.’

Spanish lavar

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Pedro	ha	lava-do	una	taza
pn [ sg . m ]	aux .3 sg	wash- ptcp : prf	art . ndef . sg . f	cup[ sg . f ]
‘Pedro washed the cup.’

Svan

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: NOM

Locus: TR

maizer-d	č'ika-Ø	a-Ø-šq'wed
pn - erg	cup- nom	prv : dist - do 3-wash
‘Maizer washed the cup.’

Swedish att diska

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Björn	diska-de	kopp-en
pn	wash- pst	cup- def . c . sg
‘Björn washed the cup.’

Tagalog

Valency pattern: ACT_LOC

X: ACT

Y: LOC

Locus: Y

H<in>ugas-an	ni	Pedro	ang	baso
< pv > pfv ~wash- lv	pers . gen	pn	subj	cup
‘Pedro washed the cup.’
Note: ??? Can you change the voice and turn Pedro into the subject here?

Telugu kaḍugu

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

pravīṇ	kappu-ni	kaḍigāḍu
pn ( m ). sg . nom	cup( n ). sg . obl - acc	wash. pst .3 sg . m
‘Praveen washed the cup.’

Tsugni Dargwa b-irc-i / ic-i

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: NOM

Locus: TR

rursːi-li	k'uču	b-irc-ib
girl- erg	cup	n -wash. pfv - pret (3)
‘The girl washed the cup.’

Turkish yıkamak

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

Mehmet	çay	bardağ-ı-nı	yıka-dı
pn	tea	glass- p .3- acc	wash- pst
‘Mehmet washed his cup.’

Ulcha silči-

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

əńə	čāmi-wa	silču-xə-ni
mother	cup- acc	wash- pst -3 sg
‘Mother washed the cup.’

Uzbek yuvib qoymoq

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ACC

Locus: TR

Petya	piola-ni	yuv-ib	qoy-di
pn	cup- acc	wash- cvb	put- pst .3 sg
‘Petja washed the cup.’

West Central Oromo ɗik'a

Valency pattern: TR

X: NOM

Y: ABS

Locus: TR

obsaa-n	waantʃ-ittʃa	ɗik'-e
pn - nom	cup- def . abs	wash-3 sg . m . pfv
‘Obsa washed the cup.’

Zilo Andi a<r>tʃ.o-j

Valency pattern: TR

X: ERG

Y: NOM

Locus: TR

pat’imati-di	a<r>tʃ.o-j	tʃinɡil
pn - erg	wash< inan 2>. pst - pf	cup[ inan 2][ nom ]
‘Patimat washed the cup.’