BivalTyp

Лаборатория типологического изучения языков    Институт лингвистических исследований РАН

‘want’

Argument frame: X (want) Y
Stimulus sentence: P. wants a new mobile phone .
Predicate label Ru: хотеть
Argument frame Ru: X (хотеть) Y
Stimulus sentence Ru: П. хочет новый мобильник .

Abaza taqə

Valency pattern: IO_ABS
X: IO
Y: ABS
Locus: X
rasúl χabar.rgága–čəc̣ j-taqə́-b
pn announcement–new 3 sg . m . io -want- npst . dcl
‘Rasul wants a new mobile phone.’

Adyghe fe-je

Valency pattern: ABS_BEN
X: ABS
Y: BEN
Locus: Y
tjeljefonə-m sə-fa-j-ep
этот телефон- obl 1 sg . abs - ben -быть- neg
‘Я не хочу этот телефон’

Aghul kːande-

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
aslan.a-s c’aje tilifun kːande-a
pn - dat new phone want- prs
‘Aslan wants a new phone.’

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic +bayyə

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
brata +byay=əla taza telefon
girl( f ) want. prog =3 f new phone(?)
‘The girl wants a new phone.’

Bambara bɛ́/tɛ́

Valency pattern: SBJ_fe
X: SBJ
Y: fe
Locus: Y
Sékù bɛ́ móto` fɛ̀
pn be motorcycle\ art by
‘Seku wants a motorcycle.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Brazilian Portuguese querer

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pedro quer um nov-o celular
pn ( m ) want.3 sg . prs indf new- m mobile_phone( m )
‘Pedro wants a new mobile phone.’

Catalan voler

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
en Pere vol un nou telèfon mòbil
def . sg . m pn ( m ) want.3 sg . prs . ind indf . sg . m new( m ) phone( m ) mobile
‘Pere wants a new mobile phone.’

Czech chtít

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Petr chce nov-ej mobil
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] want( ipfv ). prs .3 sg new- m . acc . sg mobile_phone( m )[ acc . sg ]
‘Petr wants a new mobile phone.’

Danish ville

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Peter vil gerne have en ny mobiltelefon
pn want. prs with_pleasure have. inf indf . sg new. c . sg mobile_phone( c )
‘Peter would like to have a new mobile phone.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP within a dependent clause.

Dutch willen

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Piet wil een nieuw mobieltje
pn ( c ) want.3 sg art . indf new phone( n )
‘Piet wants a new phone.’

Eastern Maninka yé/tɛ́

Valency pattern: SBJ_ko
X: SBJ
Y: ko
Locus: Y
Sékù yé télefoni kuda` kɔ́.
pn be phone new\ art behind
‘Seku wants a new phone.’
Note: Non-verbal predication.

English want

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Peter wants a new mobile phone.

Estonian tahtma

Valency pattern: NOM_PART
X: NOM
Y: PART
Locus: Y
Peeter taha-b uut mobiiltelefoni
pn . sg . nom want- prs .3 sg new. part mobile_phone. part
‘Peeter wants a new mobile phone.’

Finnish haluta

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: GEN~PART~NOM
Locus: TR
Pekka halu-aa uuden kännykä-n
pn . nom want- prs .3 sg new. gen mobile.phone- gen
‘Pekka wants a new mobile phone.’

Forest Enets kɔma

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
modʲi kasa-jʔ meju ɔdu-d kɔma
i man- nom . sg .1 sg new boat- dat . sg want( ipfv ).3 sg . s
‘My friend wants a new boat’.

French vouloir

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Paul veut un nouveau téléphone
pn ( m ) want. prs .3 sg indf . sg . m new. sg . m phone( m )
‘Paul wants a new mobile phone.’

Georgian Ø-u-nd-a (PRS)

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
p'et're-s axal-i mobilur-i Ø-u-nd-a
pn - dat new- nom cell_phone- nom io 3- ver : o -want- s 3 sg . inact
‘Petre wants a new mobile phone.’

German wollen

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Karl will ein neu-es Handy
pn [ nom . sg ] want. prs .3 sg indf [ n . acc . sg ] new- n . acc . sg mobile_phone[ acc . sg ]
‘Karl wants a new mobile phone.’

Irish teastaigh

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Teast-aíonn fón ó Peter.
be_necessary- prs telephone new from pn
‘Pól wants a new mobile phone.’
Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate.

Italian volere

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Leo vuol-e un cellular-e nuov-o
pn ( m ) want-3 sg . prs indf . sg . m mobile_phone- sg . m new- sg . m
‘Leo wants a new mobile phone.’

Kalderash Romani kamel

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
o Murš-a kam-el nev-o tilifon-o
art . m . dir . sg pn - nom . sg want- prs .3 sg new- m . dir . sg telephone- acc . sg
‘Murša wants a new mobile phone.’

Kazakh qala

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Petya žaŋa telefon qala-ydï
pn new phone want- prs 2.3 sg
‘Petya wants a new phone.’

Kazym Khanty λǎŋχati

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
ńawrεm-ew jiλǝp jǒntǒt λǎŋχa-λ
child- poss .1 pl new toy want- npst [3 sg ]
‘The child wants a new toy.’

Khwarshi

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
il-lo uža-l ec'nu mašina q'uča-na
1 pl . o - gen 2 сын- dat новый машина хотеть- pst . i
‘Нашему сыну хочется новую машину.’.

Kina Rutul wɨgara

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
rasul-u-s w-ɨga-r=a c’ɨn-dɨ telefon
pn - obl - dat 3-want. ipfv - cvb =be new- attr phone( nom )
‘Rasul wants a new phone.’

Latin volo

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
nam si rex ea vult, quae Theban-is sunt utili-a, gratis fac-ere sum parat-us
indeed if king( m ). nom . sg that. acc . pl . n want. prs . ind . act .3 sg which. nom . pl . n t heban( m )- dat . pl be. prs . ind . act .3 pl useful- nom . pl . n for_free do[ prs ]- inf . act be. prs . ind . act .1 sg ready- nom . sg . m
‘... for if the king wants what Thebans need, I am ready to do that for free.’
Note: (Nepos. Vitae. Epam. 4, 2, 2)

Mandarin Chinese xiǎngyào

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Zhāngsān xiǎngyào yí-bù xīn shǒujī
pn want one- clf new cellphone
‘Zhangsan wants a new mobile phone.’

Mingrelian Ø-o-k'-on-Ø (PRS)

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
čelo-s Ø-o-k'-o(n)-Ø axal-(i) t'elepon-i.
pn - dat io 3- ver : sup -want- sm - s 3 sg . inact new-( nom ) telephone- nom
‘Chelo want a new phone.’

Modern Hebrew rots-e

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas rots-e telefon najad χadaʃ
pn want[ ptcp . sg ]- m phone mobile new
‘Pinchas wants a new mobile phone.’

Nanai gələ-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
Petia sikun mobil’nika-wa gələ-j-ni
pn new mobile_phone- obl ask- npst - p .3 sg
‘Petia wants a new mobile phone.’

Nivkh jaɣnid

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Kaskazik cʰir + mоbil'nik + aɣni-d
pn new + mobile.phone + want- ind
‘Kaskazik wants a new mobile phone.’

Northern Mansi tāŋxi

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
am āji-m tāŋx-i lil’pi t’el’efōn
1 sg daughter- poss .1 sg want- npst [3 sg ] new phone
‘My daughter wants a new phone.’

Northern Yukaghir Y-PROP-NLZR-bуnˈ=

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Sǝmiǝn nˈidˈǝrpǝ-j mobilˈnik-nˈǝ-l-bunˈ-i
pn be_new- ptcl mobile_phone- prop - nlzr - des - intr .3 sg
‘Semien wants a new alarm clock.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as a root within a derived word.

Norwegian Bokmål å ønske seg

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Per ønske-r seg ny mobil
pn wish- prs refl new mobile_phone
‘Per wants a new mobile phone.’

Polish chcieć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Michał chce now-ą komórk-ę
pn [ nom . sg ] want: ipfv . prs .3 sg new- f . acc . sg mobile_phone- acc . sg
‘Michał wants a new mobile phone.’

Russian xotetʹ

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Pet-ja xoč-et nov-yj mobilʹnik
pn ( m )- nom . sg want( ipfv )- prs .3 sg new- m . acc . sg cellphone( m )[ acc . sg ]
‘Petja wants a new mobile phone.’

Serbian želeti

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Petar želi nov-i mobiln-i
pn . nom . sg want. prs .3 sg new- acc . sg . m mobile- acc . sg
‘Petar wants a new mobile phone.’

Shughni fortow

Valency pattern: LAT_NOM
X: LAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Ahmed-ard naw telefun for-t
pn - lat new phone want-3 sg
‘Ahmed wants a new mobile phone.’

Skolt Saami haaʹleed

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Peâtt haaʹlad ođđ ǩiõtt-teeʹl
pn . sg . nom want. prs .3 sg new hand-phone. sg . acc
‘Pete wants a new mobile phone.’

Slovak chcieť

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Peter chce nov-ý mobiln-ý telefón
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] want( ipfv ). prs .3 sg new- m . acc . sg mobile- m . acc . sg phone( m )[ acc . sg ]
‘Peter wants a new mobile phone.’

Slovenian želeti

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
An-a želi nov-i mobilnik
pn - nom . sg want: ipfv . prs .3 sg new- acc . sg . m mobile_phone[ acc . sg ]
‘Ana wants a new mobile phone.’

Sorani Kurdish wîstin

Valency pattern: EXT_SBJ
X: EXT
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
Hîwa mobayl-êk-î niwê=î de-w-ê
pn mobile- indf - izf new=3 sg . pc ind -want. prs -3 sg
‘Hiwa wants a new mobile phone.’

Spanish querer

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pedro quier-e un teléfono movil nuev-o
pn [ sg . m ] want- prs .3 sg art . ndef . sg . m telephone[ sg . m ] mobile[ sg . m ] new[ sg ]- m
‘Pedro wants a new mobile phone.’

Swedish att vilja ha

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Björn vill ha en ny mobil
pn want have. inf indf . c . sg new. indf . c . sg mobile_phone
‘Björn wants a new mobile phone.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP within a dependent clause.

Tagalog

Valency pattern: TR
X: ACT
Y: UND
Locus: TR
Gusto ni Pedro ng bago-ng telepono
want pers . gen pn gen new- lin phone
‘Pedro wants a new mobile phone.’
Note: Syntactic interpretation of this construction is tricky and partially arbitrary. First, it is based on RG’s suggestion to align this structure with PV structures. Thus, ‘Pedro’ is interpreted as ACT. As for the Y-argument, ‘phone’, it is treated as UND mainly because “one can have an “ang” before phone here, which just changes the specificity of the patient”. RG also noticed that she thinks that “we can treat telephone as PAT here, but yes, I don’t really have a clue. One linguist was telling me that constructions such as this are used as arguments that the ang-phrase is not a real subject.”

Telugu kāvāli

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
pravīṇ-ki kotta fōn kāvāli
pn ( m ). sg . obl - dat new phone( n ). sg . nom be_wanted
‘Praveen wants a new mobile phone.’
Note: This predicate is used without agreement markers and without copula.

Turkish istemek

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Mehmet yeni telefon isti-yor
pn new phone want- prs
‘Mehmet wants a new phone.’

Ulcha *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
ama sičəu mewtim-ba ga-ǯič-i-ni
father new gun- acc buy- desid - prs -3 sg
‘Father wants to buy a new gun.’
Note: Not included in the database because the intended meaning is expressed by the desiderative suffix.

Uzbek xohlamoq

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Petya yaŋi telefon xohla-yab-ti
pn new telephone want- prs 1-3 sg
‘Petja wants a new mobile phone.’

West Central Oromo barbaada

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ABS
Locus: TR
obsaa-n bilbila haaraa barbaad-a
pn - nom phone. abs new want-3 sg . m . ipfv
‘Obsa wants a new mobile phone.’

Zilo Andi qχ’oroqχ’.o-j

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
pat’imati-j qχ’oroqχ’.o-j ts’ːiw telefon
pn - dat want. pst - pf new telephone[ inan 1][ nom ]
‘Patimat wants a new cellphone.’