‘take off’
| Argument frame: |
X
(take off)
Y
|
| Stimulus sentence: |
P.
took off
his shirt
.
|
| Predicate label Ru: |
снимать
|
| Argument frame Ru: |
X
(снимать)
Y
(рубашку)
|
| Stimulus sentence Ru: |
П.
снял
рубашку
.
|
Abaza
[ŝə-]χ
|
Valency pattern:
LOCsERG_ABS
|
| X: LOCsERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: X |
| rasúl |
j-ás |
jə-ŝ-jə-χ-ṭ |
|
pn
|
3
sg
.
m
.
io
-shirt
|
3
sg
.
m
.
io
-
loc
-3
sg
.
m
.
erg
-take_off(
aor
)-
dcl
|
| ‘Rasul took off his shirt.’ |
| Note: The X argument is indexed on the verb twice (in the ergative slot and in the slot associated with the locative preverb ŝ-). |
Aghul
latːaq.u-
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| aslan.a |
berʜem |
latːaq.u-ne |
|
pn
(
erg
)
|
shirt
|
take_off.
pf
-
aor
|
| ‘Aslan took off his shirt.’ |
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
šaləx
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| brata |
kam-šalx-a-la |
+oym-o |
|
girl(
f
)
|
prf
-undress.
prs
-
ss
.3
f
-
ls
.3
f
|
dress(
f
)-
p
.3
f
|
| ‘The girl took off her dress.’ |
| Note: Non-Urmi speaker. |
Brazilian Portuguese
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro |
tirou |
a |
camisa |
|
| ‘Педру снял рубашку.’ |
Czech
sundat si
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petr |
si |
sunda-l |
košil-i |
|
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
refl
.
dat
|
put_off(
pfv
)-
pst
[
m
.
sg
]
|
shirt(
f
)-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Petr took off his shirt.’ |
Finnish
riisua
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Pekka |
riisu-i |
paida-n |
|
pn
.
nom
|
take.off-
pst
.3
sg
|
shirt-
gen
|
| ‘Pekka took off the shirt.’ |
Forest Enets
dʲika
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| modʲi |
kasa-jʔ |
lubaxa-da |
dʲika |
|
i
|
man-
nom
.
sg
.1
sg
|
cloth-
obl
.
sg
.3
sg
|
take_off(
pfv
).3
sg
.
s
|
| ‘My friend took off his shirt’. |
Latin
se devestio
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_ABL
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ABL |
| Locus: Y |
| (Pamphile) |
omn-ibus |
lacini-is |
se |
devesti-t |
|
pn
(
f
)
nom
.
sg
|
all-
abl
.
pl
|
garment(
f
)-
abl
.
pl
|
refl
.
acc
|
take_off[
prs
.
ind
]-
act
.3
sg
|
| ‘(Pamphile) takes off all of her clothes.’ |
| Note: (Ap. Met. III, 21) |
Modern Hebrew
paʃat
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pinχas |
paʃat |
et |
ha |
χultsa |
ʃel-o |
|
pn
|
take.off[
pst
.3
sg
.
m
]
|
do
|
def
|
shirt
|
poss
-3
sg
.
m
|
| ‘Pinchas took off his shirt.’ |
Nanai
ačo-
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Petia |
tətuə-i |
ačo-xa-ni |
|
pn
|
garment-
p
.
refl
.
sg
|
take_off-
pst
-
p
.3
sg
|
| ‘Petia took off his shirt.’ |
Norwegian Bokmål
å ta av seg
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Per |
tok |
av |
seg |
skjort-a |
|
pn
|
take.
pst
|
of
|
refl
|
shirt-
def
.
f
.
sg
|
| ‘Per took off his shirt.’ |
Polish
zdjąć
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Ann-a |
zdję-ł-a |
koszul-ę |
|
pn
-
nom
.
sg
|
take_off:
pfv
-
pst
-
f
.3
sg
|
shirt-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Anna took off his shirt.’ |
Russian
snjatʹ
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Pet-ja |
snja-l |
rubašk-u |
|
pn
(
m
)-
nom
.
sg
|
put_off(
pfv
)-
pst
[
m
.
sg
]
|
shirt(
f
)-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Petja took off his shirt.’ |
Rutul
saɁ qiwir
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| rasul-a |
saɁ |
qi-wi-r |
rubaška |
|
pn
-
erg
|
down.
lat
|
re
-take.off.
pfv
-
cvb
|
shirt(
nom
)
|
| ‘Rasul took off his shirt.’ |
Skolt Saami
jäʹhssed
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peâtt |
jaauʹs-i |
pääiʹd-es |
|
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
take.off-
pst
.3
sg
|
shirt.
sg
.
acc
-
poss
.3
sg
|
| ‘Pete took off his shirt.’ |
Slovenian
sleči
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| An-a |
je |
slek-l-a |
bluz-o |
|
pn
-
nom
.
sg
|
aux
.3
sg
|
take_off:
pfv
-
lpt
-
f
.
sg
|
shirt-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Ana took off her shirt.’ |
Swedish
att ta av sig
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Björn |
tog |
av |
sig |
sin |
tröja |
|
pn
|
take.
pst
|
of
|
refl
|
poss
.
refl
.
c
.
sg
|
shirt
|
| ‘Björn took off his shirt.’ |
Turkish
çıkarmak
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Mehmet |
gömleğ-i-ni |
çıkar-dı |
|
pn
|
shirt-
p
.3-
acc
|
extract-
pst
|
| ‘Mehmet took off his shirt.’ |
Ulcha
ačo-
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| ama |
tətu-j |
ačo-xa-ni |
|
father
|
garment-
refl
.
sg
|
take_off-
pst
-3
sg
|
| ‘Father took off his shirt (garment).’ |
Zilo Andi
<r>-uχ.i
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| ali-di |
ɡurdo |
r-uχ.i |
|
pn
-
erg
|
shirt[
inan
2][
nom
]
|
inan
2-take_off.
pst
(
aor
)
|
| ‘Ali took off his shirt.’ |
