‘speak’
| Argument frame: | X (speak) with Y |
| Stimulus sentence: | (I am looking for P. When I enter the room I see that) P. is speaking with M . |
| Predicate label Ru: | разговаривать |
| Argument frame Ru: | X (разговаривать) с Y -ом |
| Stimulus sentence Ru: | (Я искал П. Когда я вошел в комнату, я увидел, что) П. разговаривает с М . |
| Valency pattern: ABS_IO |
| X: ABS |
| Y: IO |
| Locus: Y |
| murád | sará | s-aχš’á | d-l-á.ĉaẑ-əj-d |
| pn | i | 1 sg . io -sister | 3 sg . h . abs -3 sg . f . io -talk- prs - dcl |
| ‘Murad is speaking with my sister.’ | |||
| Valency pattern: ABS_COM |
| X: ABS |
| Y: COM |
| Locus: Y |
| aslan | meʜemed.i-qaj | raχ.a-a |
| pn | pn - com | speak. ipf - prs |
| ‘Aslan is speaking with Muhammad.’ | ||
| Valency pattern: SBJ_men |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: men |
| Locus: Y |
| +avvo | sava | hamzum=əl | mən | brat-u |
| dem 3. m | old. m | speak. prog =3 m | from | girl( f )- p .3 m |
| ‘This oldman is speaking with a girl.’ | ||||
| Note: Some speakers use preposition am. | ||||
| Valency pattern: NOM_sINS |
| X: NOM |
| Y: sINS |
| Locus: Y |
| Petr | mluví | s | Michal-em |
| pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] | speak( ipfv ). prs .3 sg | with | pn ( m )- ins . sg |
| ‘Petr is speaking with Michal.’ | |||
| Valency pattern: NOM_GENkanssa |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GENkanssa |
| Locus: Y |
| Pekka | puhu-u | Mati-n | kanssa |
| pn . nom | speak- prs .3 sg | pn - gen | with |
| ‘Pekka is speaking with Matti.’ | |||
| Valency pattern: NOM_LOC |
| X: NOM |
| Y: LOC |
| Locus: Y |
| kasa-jʔ | vasʲa-xane-da | dʲɔriŋa |
| man- nom . sg .1 sg | pn - loc . sg - obl . sg .3 sg | talk( ipfv ).3 sg . s |
| ‘My friend is speaking with Vasja’. | ||
| Valency pattern: NOM_cumABL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: cumABL |
| Locus: Y |
| Socrate-s | in | e-o | libr-o | colloqui-tur | cum | Critobul-o |
| Сократ- nom . sg | в | этот- abl . sg . m | книга( m )- abl . sg | разговаривать[ prs . ind ]- mid .3 sg | с | Критобул( m )- abl . sg |
| ‘Сократ в этой книге говорит с Критобулом.’ | ||||||
| Note: (Cic. Cato Maior de Senectute. 59, 6) | ||||||
| Valency pattern: SBJ_im |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: im |
| Locus: Y |
| Pinχas | medaber | im | Menaχem |
| pn | speak[ ptcp . sg . m ] | with | pn |
| ‘Pinchas is speaking with Menachem.’ | |||
| Valency pattern: NOM_INS |
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Petia | Maša-ǯi | gusərə-ndu-j-ni |
| pn | pn - ins | рассказывать- soc - npst - p .3 sg |
| ‘Петя разговаривает с Машей.’ | ||
| Valency pattern: SBJ_med |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: med |
| Locus: Y |
| Per | snakke-t | med | Ola |
| pn | speak- pst | with | pn |
| ‘Per is speaking with Ola.’ | |||
| Valency pattern: NOM_zINS |
| X: NOM |
| Y: zINS |
| Locus: Y |
| Staszek | rozmawia | z | Adam-em |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | разговаривать: ipfv . prs .3 sg | с | pn - ins . sg |
| ‘Сташек разговаривает с Адамом.’ | |||
| Valency pattern: NOM_sINS |
| X: NOM |
| Y: sINS |
| Locus: Y |
| Pet-ja | razgovariva-et | s | Maš-ej |
| pn ( m )- nom . sg | speak( ipfv )- prs .3 sg | with | pn ( f )- ins . sg |
| ‘Petja is speaking with Maša.’ | |||
| Valency pattern: NOM_COM |
| X: NOM |
| Y: COM |
| Locus: Y |
| rasul | nadir-ɨ-kan | halga-r=a |
| pn ( nom ) | pn - obl - com | 1.talk. ipfv - cvb =be |
| ‘Rasul is speaking with Nadir.’ | ||
| Valency pattern: NOM_COM |
| X: NOM |
| Y: COM |
| Locus: Y |
| Peâtt | maainast | Määʹrja-in |
| pn . sg . nom | speak. prs .3 sg | pn - sg . com |
| ‘Pete is speaking with Maria’ | ||
| Valency pattern: NOM_zINS |
| X: NOM |
| Y: zINS |
| Locus: Y |
| Peter | se | pogovarja | s | Pavl-om |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | rfl | speak: ipfv . prs .3 sg | with | pn - ins . sg |
| ‘Peter is speaking with Pavel.’ | ||||
| Valency pattern: SBJ_med |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: med |
| Locus: Y |
| Björn | prata-r | med | Maja |
| pn | speak- prs | with | pn |
| ‘Björn is speaking with Maja.’ | |||
| Valency pattern: NOM_COM |
| X: NOM |
| Y: COM |
| Locus: Y |
| Mehmet | Orhan-la | konuş-uyor |
| pn | pn - com | talk- prs |
| ‘Mehmet is speaking with Orhan.’ | ||
| Valency pattern: NOM_INS |
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| ama | əńi-ǯi | určulun-di-ni |
| father | mother- ins | talk- prs -3 sg |
| ‘Father is speaking with mother.’ | ||
| Valency pattern: NOM_COM |
| X: NOM |
| Y: COM |
| Locus: Y |
| pat’imati | marjam=lojɡu | j-edːo-mado |
| pn [ f ][ nom ] | pn = com | f -talk. pst - prog |
| ‘Patimat is talking with Mariam.’ | ||