‘sing’
| Argument frame: | X (sing) Y |
| Stimulus sentence: | P. sang a beautiful song . |
| Predicate label Ru: | петь |
| Argument frame Ru: | X (петь) Y |
| Stimulus sentence Ru: | П. спел красивую песню . |
Abaza hʷa
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| fatíma | warad–pšʒa | l-hʷa-d |
| pn | song–beautiful | 3 sg . f . erg -say( aor )- dcl |
| ‘Fatima sang a beautiful song.’ | ||
Aghul q’.u-
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| aslan.a | sa | bat’ar | meʕni | q’.u-ne |
| pn ( erg ) | one | beautiful | song | do. pf - aor |
| ‘Aslan sang a beautiful song.’ | ||||
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic zamər
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| xa | yala | zmər-rə | d-a | zmarta |
| one | boy( m ) | sing. pst - ls .3 m | obl - dem 1. sg | song( f ) |
| ‘The boy sang this song.’ | ||||
| Note: Non-Urmi speaker. | ||||
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro | cantou | uma | bela | canção |
| ‘Педру спел красивую песню.’ | ||||
Czech zazpívat
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petr | zazpíva-l | krásn-ou | písničk-u |
| pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] | sing( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] | beautiful- f . acc . sg | song( f )- acc . sg |
| ‘Petr sang a beautiful song.’ | |||
Finnish laulaa
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Pekka | laul-oi | kaunii-n | laulu-n |
| pn . nom | sing- pst .3 sg | beautiful- gen | song- gen |
| ‘Pekka sang a beautiful song.’ | |||
Forest Enets kinus
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| modʲi | kasa-jʔ | sɔjza | bare | kinuʔɔ |
| i | man- nom . sg .1 sg | good | song | sing( pfv ).3 sg . s |
| ‘My friend sang a beautiful song’. | ||||
Latin cano
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| (Simonid-es) | cecin-isse-t-que | id | carmen |
| pn ( m )- nom . sg | sing- plup . sbjv - act .3 sg -and | this. acc . sg . n | song( n ). acc . sg |
| ‘(Simonides) sang this poem.’ | |||
| Note: (Cic. De Oratore. 2, 352) | |||
Modern Hebrew ʃar
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pinχas | ʃar | ʃir | jafe |
| pn | sing[ pst .3 sg . m ] | song | beautiful |
| ‘Pinchas sang a beautiful song.’ | |||
Nanai ǯari-
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Petia | gučkuli | ǯare-mba | ǯare-xa-ni |
| pn | beautiful | n anai_song- obl | sing- pst - p .3 sg |
| ‘Petia sang a beautiful song.’ | |||
Norwegian Bokmål å synge
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Per | sang | en | vakker | sang |
| pn | sing. pst | indf . m . sg | beautiful | song |
| ‘Per sang a beautiful song.’ | ||||
Polish zaśpiewać
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Stefan | zaśpiewa-ł | ładn-ą | piosenk-ę |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | sing: pfv - pst [ m .3 sg ] | beautiful- f . acc . sg | song- acc . sg |
| ‘Stefan sang a beautiful song.’ | |||
Russian spetʹ
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Pet-ja | spe-l | krasiv-uju | pesn-ju |
| pn ( m )- nom . sg | sing( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] | beautiful- f . acc . sg | song( f )- acc . sg |
| ‘Petja sang a beautiful song.’ | |||
Rutul hɨʔɨra
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| rasul-a | bat’r-ad | maˁɁni | hɨʔɨ-r=a |
| pn - erg | beautiful- attr | song( nom ) | 4.do. pfv - cvb =be |
| ‘Rasul sang a beautiful song.’ | |||
Skolt Saami läullad
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peâtt | lääula-i | mooččâs | laulli |
| pn . sg . nom | sing- pst .3 sg | beautiful | song. sg . acc |
| ‘Pete sang a beautiful song.’ | |||
Slovenian zapeti
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter | je | zape-l | lep-o | pesem |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | sing: pfv - lpt [ m . sg ] | beautiful- acc . sg . f | song[ acc . sg ] |
| ‘Peter sang a beautiful song.’ | ||||
Swedish att sjunga
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Björn | sjöng | en | vacker | sång |
| pn | sing. pst | indf . c . sg | beautiful. indf . c . sg | song |
| ‘Björn sang a beautiful song.’ | ||||
Turkish söylemek
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Mehmet | güzel | şarkı-yı | söyle-di |
| pn | beautiful | song- acc | sing- pst |
| ‘Mehmet sang a beautiful song.’ | |||
Ulcha jaja-
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| dāda | largi | jaja-wa | jaja-xa-ni. |
| grandmother | nice | song- acc | sing- pst -3 sg |
| ‘Grandma sang a beautiful song.’ | |||
Zilo Andi qχ’or.i-j
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| pat’imati-di | qχ’or.i-j | baʁu | ketʃ’i |
| pn - erg | call. pst - pf | beautiful | song[ inan 1][ nom ] |
| ‘Patimat sang a beautifl song.’ | |||