‘put on’
| Argument frame: |
X
(put_on)
Y
|
| Stimulus sentence: |
P.
put on
his trousers
.
|
| Predicate label Ru: |
надевать
|
| Argument frame Ru: |
X
(надевать)
Y
|
| Stimulus sentence Ru: |
П.
надел
штаны
.
|
Abaza
ŝ-c̣a
|
Valency pattern:
LOCsERG_ABS
|
| X: LOCsERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: X |
| a-qác̣a |
ajkʷá |
j-ŝ-jə́-c̣a-d |
|
def
-man
|
trousers
|
3
sg
.
m
.
io
-
loc
-3
sg
.
m
.
erg
-put(
aor
)-
dcl
|
| ‘The boy put on his trousers.’ |
| Note: The X argument is indexed on the verb twice (in the ergative slot and in the slot associated with the locative preverb ŝ-). |
Adyghe
zə.šʼə-λe
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| λ̣ə-m |
ʁʷenčʼeǯʼə-r |
zə-šʼ-jə-λa-ʁ |
|
мужчина-
obl
|
штаны-
abs
|
rfl
.
io
-
loc
-3
sg
.
erg
-надеть-
pst
|
| ‘Мужчина надел штаны.’ |
Aghul
lik’.i-
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| aslan.a |
šawlar |
lik’.i-ne |
|
pn
(
erg
)
|
trousers
|
put.on.
pf
-
aor
|
| ‘Aslan put on his trousers.’ |
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
lavəš
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| yala |
lvəš-lə |
+šalvar |
|
boy(
m
)
|
put_on.
pst
-
ls
.3
m
|
trousers(
m
)
|
| ‘The boy put on his trousers.’ |
Bambara
dòn
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Sékù |
ye |
kùlusi` |
dòn |
|
pn
|
pfv
.
tr
|
trousers\
art
|
enter
|
| ‘Seku put on his trousers.’ |
Brazilian Portuguese
vestir
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro |
vest-iu |
a-s |
calça-s |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
put_on-3
sg
.
pst
|
def
.
f
-
pl
|
sock(
f
)-
pl
|
| ‘Pedro put on his trousers.’ |
Catalan
posar-se
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| en |
Pere |
es |
pos-a |
els |
seus |
pantalon-s |
|
def
.
sg
.
m
|
pn
(
m
)
|
refl
.3
sg
|
put.on-3
sg
.
prs
.
ind
|
def
.
pl
.
m
|
poss
.3.
m
.
pl
|
trousers-
pl
.
m
|
| ‘Pere put on his trousers.’ |
Czech
obléknout si
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petr |
si |
oblék-l |
kalhot-y |
|
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
refl
.
dat
|
put_on(
pfv
)-
pst
[
m
.
sg
]
|
trousers-
acc
.
pl
|
| ‘Petr put on his trousers.’ |
Danish
tage på
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter |
tog |
sin-e |
bukser |
på |
|
pn
|
take.
pst
|
poss
.
refl
.
c
-
pl
|
trousers(
c
)
|
on
|
| ‘Peter put on his trousers.’ |
Dutch
aantrekken
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Piet |
heeft |
zijn |
broek |
aan-ge-trokk-en |
|
pn
(
c
)
|
have.3
sg
|
poss
.
c
.3
sg
|
trousers(
c
)
|
pvb
-
ptcp
-pull-
ptcp
|
| ‘Piet put on his trousers.’ |
Eastern Maninka
dòn
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Sékù |
bára |
kùrusi` |
dòn. |
|
pn
|
prf
|
pants\
art
|
enter
|
| ‘Seku put his pants on.’ |
English
put on
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter |
put |
on |
his |
trousers. |
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Estonian
jalga panema
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Peeter |
pan-i |
püksi-d |
jalga |
|
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
put-
pst
.3
sg
|
trouser-
pl
.
nom
|
leg.
sg
.
ill
|
| ‘Peeter put on his trousers.’ |
Finnish
pukea ylleen
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Pekka |
puk-i |
paida-n |
ylle-en |
|
pn
.
nom
|
put.on-
pst
.3
sg
|
shirt-
gen
|
on.
all
-
poss
.3
sg
|
| ‘Pekka put on the shirt.’ |
Forest Enets
sɛru
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| modʲi |
kasa-jʔ |
piʔi-za |
sɛra |
|
i
|
man-
nom
.
sg
.1
sg
|
trousers-
nom
.
pl
.3
sg
|
put_on(
pfv
).3
sg
.
s
|
| ‘My friend put on his trousers’. |
French
enfiler
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Paul |
a |
enfilé |
son |
pantalon |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
have.
prs
.3
sg
|
put_on.
pst
.
ptcp
.
m
|
def
.
sg
.
m
|
trousers(
m
)
|
| ‘Paul put on his trousers.’ |
Georgian
ča-Ø-i-cv-am-s (FUT)
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| p'et're-m |
šarval-i |
ča-Ø-i-cv-a |
|
pn
-
erg
|
trousers-
nom
|
prv
:downward+inward-
s
3-
ver
:
s
-put_on-
s
3
sg
.
pst
|
| ‘Petre put on his trousers.’ |
German
anziehen
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Karl |
zog |
sein-e |
Hose |
an |
|
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
pull.
pst
.3
sg
|
his-
f
.
acc
.
sg
|
trousers[
acc
.
sg
]
|
on
|
| ‘Karl put on his trousers.’ |
Irish
cuir
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Do=chuir |
Pól |
air |
a |
bhríste. |
|
pst
=put
|
pn
|
on.3
sg
.
m
|
poss
.3
sg
.
m
|
trousers
|
| ‘Pól put on his trousers.’ |
Italian
mettersi
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Leo |
si |
è |
mess-o |
i |
pantalon-i |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
refl
|
aux
.3
sg
.
prs
|
put_on.
pst
.
ptcp
-
sg
.
m
|
def
.
pl
.
m
|
trousers-
pl
.
m
|
| ‘Leo put on trousers.’ |
Kalderash Romani
lel pe peste
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| o |
Murš-a |
ľ-a |
pe |
pes-te |
kalc-y |
|
art
.
m
.
dir
.
sg
|
pn
-
nom
.
sg
|
take-
pst
.3
sg
|
on
|
oneself-
loc
|
trousers-
acc
.
pl
|
| ‘Murša put on his trousers.’ |
Kazakh
ki
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petya |
šalbar |
kiy-dі |
|
pn
|
trousers
|
put_on-
pst
1.3
sg
|
| ‘Petya put on the trousers.’ |
Kazym Khanty
λǫmǝtti
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| maša-j-en |
jɛrnas |
λǫmǝt-ǝs |
|
pn
-
ep
-
poss
.2
sg
|
dress
|
put_on-
pst
[3
sg
]
|
| ‘Maša put on her dress.’ |
Khwarshi
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| šamil-i |
šiƛ'-ƛ'a |
ʁeƛo |
|
pn
-
erg
|
надевать-
pst
.
w
|
брюки(
v
)
|
| ‘Шамиль надел брюки.’ |
Kina Rutul
lawɨr
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| rasul-a |
badu |
la-w-ɨ-r |
|
pn
-
erg
|
trousers(
nom
)
|
pv
-3-put.on.
pfv
-
cvb
|
| ‘Rasul put on his trousers.’ |
Latin
sumo
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| vest-is |
Cereal-ibus |
alb-as |
sum-ite! |
|
garment(
f
)-
acc
.
pl
|
c
eres’-
abl
.
pl
|
white-
acc
.
pl
.
f
|
put_on[
prs
]-
imp
.
act
.2
pl
|
| ‘Put on white clothes for the feast of Ceres.’ |
| Note: (Ov. Fasti. 4, 620) |
Mandarin Chinese
chuān-shàng
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Zhāngsān |
chuān-shàng |
le |
tā-de |
kùzi |
|
pn
|
wear-up
|
pfv
|
he-
de
|
trouser
|
| ‘Zhangsan put on his trousers.’ |
Mingrelian
m-Ø-i-dv-an-s (FUT)
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| čelo-k |
šarval-(i) |
ki-mi-Ø-i-d-u. |
|
pn
-
erg
|
trousers-(
nom
)
|
aff
-
prv
-
do
3-
ver
:
s
-put-
s
3
sg
.
pst
|
| ‘Chelo put on his trousers.’ |
Modern Hebrew
lavaʃ
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pinχas |
lavaʃ |
et |
miχnasa-v |
|
pn
|
put.on[
pst
.3
sg
.
m
]
|
do
|
trousers-
poss
.3
sg
.
m
.
pl
|
| ‘Pinchas put on his trousers.’ |
Nanai
tətu-
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Petia |
pəru-wə |
tətu-xə-ni |
|
pn
|
trousers-
obl
|
put_on-
pst
-
p
.3
sg
|
| ‘Petia put on his trousers.’ |
Nivkh
xizd
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Kaskazik |
var̥ |
xiz-d |
|
pn
|
trousers
|
put.on-
ind
|
| ‘Kaskazik put on his trousers.’ |
Northern Mansi
masəs
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| āji-riɕ |
sup |
mas-əs |
|
girl-
dim
|
dress
|
put_on-
pst
.3
sg
|
| ‘The girl put on a dress.’ |
Northern Yukaghir
oŋу=
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Sǝmiǝn |
tūrī-lǝ |
oŋu-m |
|
pn
|
trousers-
acc
|
put_on-
tr
.3
sg
|
| ‘Semien put on his trousers.’ |
Norwegian Bokmål
å ta på seg
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Per |
tok |
på |
seg |
buks-ene |
|
pn
|
take.
pst
|
on
|
refl
|
trousers-
def
.
pl
|
| ‘Per put on his trousers.’ |
Polish
włożyć
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Paweł |
włoży-ł |
spodn-ie |
|
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
put_on:
pfv
-
pst
[
m
.3
sg
]
|
trousers-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Paweł put on his trousers.’ |
Russian
nadetʹ
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Pet-ja |
nade-l |
štan-y |
|
pn
(
m
)-
nom
.
sg
|
put_on(
pfv
)-
pst
[
m
.
sg
]
|
trousers-
acc
.
pl
|
| ‘Petja put on his trousers.’ |
Serbian
obući
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petar |
je |
obuka-o |
pantalon-e |
|
pn
.
nom
.
sg
|
be.
prs
.3
sg
|
put.on-
part
.
perf
.
m
.
sg
|
trousers-
acc
.
pl
|
| ‘Petar put on his trousers.’ |
Shughni
pinīwdow
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Šamil=i |
xu |
laq-en |
pinūy-d |
|
pn
=3
sg
|
refl
|
pants-
pl
|
put.on-
pst
|
| ‘Shamil put on his trousers.’ |
Skolt Saami
cääʹǩǩed ool
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peâtt |
caaʹjj-i |
puusees |
ool |
|
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
put.on-
pst
.3
sg
|
trousers[
pl
.
acc
].
poss
.3
sg
|
onto
|
| ‘Pete put on his trousers.’ |
| Note: Here, ool is part of the phrasal verb, not a postposition. |
Slovak
obliecť si
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter |
si |
oblieko-l |
nohavic-e |
|
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
refl
.
dat
|
put_on(
pfv
)-
pst
[
m
.
sg
]
|
trousers-
acc
.
pl
|
| ‘Peter put on his trousers.’ |
Slovenian
obleči
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Pavel |
je |
obleke-l |
hlač-e |
|
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
aux
.3
sg
|
put_on:
pfv
-
lpt
[
m
.
sg
]
|
trousers-
acc
.
pl
|
| ‘Pavel put on his trousers.’ |
Sorani Kurdish
leber kirdin
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Hîwa |
ʂaɫwar-eke=î |
le-ber |
kird-Ø |
|
pn
|
trouser-
def
=3
sg
.
pc
|
from-side
|
do.
pst
-3
sg
|
| ‘Hiwa put on his trousers.’ |
| Note: The exact nature of the OBL.3SG marker is not clear (ambiguous). |
Spanish
poner
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro |
se |
ha |
pues-to |
un |
pantalón |
|
pn
[
sg
.
m
]
|
refl
.3
sg
|
aux
.3
sg
|
put-
ptcp
:
prf
|
art
.
ndef
.
sg
.
m
|
trousers[
sg
.
m
]
|
| ‘Pedro put on his trousers.’ |
Swedish
att ta på sig
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Björn |
tog |
på |
sig |
sina |
byx-or |
|
pn
|
take.
pst
|
on
|
refl
|
poss
.
refl
.
pl
|
trousers-
pl
|
| ‘Björn put on his trousers.’ |
Tagalog
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ACT |
| Y: UND |
| Locus: TR |
| I-s<in>uot |
ni |
Pedro |
ang |
kaniya-ng |
pantalon |
|
cv
<
pv
>
pfv
.put
|
on
|
pers
.
gen
|
pn
|
subj
|
3.
sg
.
dat
-
lin
trousers
|
| ‘Pedro put on his trousers.’ |
| Note: Alternative is the AVconstruction, also with the ACT_UND pattern: “Nag-suot si Pedro ng kaniya-ng pantalon.” [AV.PFV-put on PERS.SUBJ PN GEN 3.SG.DAT-LIN trousers] ‘Pedro put on his trousers.’ |
Telugu
vēsukōnu
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| pravīṇ |
baṭṭa-lu |
vēsukunnāḍu |
|
pn
(
m
).
sg
.
nom
|
cloth(
n
)-
pl
.
nom
|
wear.
pst
.3
sg
.
m
|
| ‘Praveen put on his clothes.’ |
Turkish
giymek
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Mehmet |
pantolon-u-nu |
giy-di |
|
pn
|
trousers-
p
.3-
acc
|
put_on-
pst
|
| ‘Mehmet put on his trousers.’ |
Ulcha
tətu-
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| əj |
xusə |
piktə |
mənə |
pəru-w |
tətu-xə-ni |
|
this
|
male
|
child
|
by_oneself
|
trousers-
acc
|
put_on-
pst
-3
sg
|
| ‘This boy put on his trousers himself.’ |
Uzbek
qiymoq
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petya |
šim |
qiy-di |
|
pn
|
pants
|
put_on-
pst
.3
sg
|
| ‘Petja put on his trousers.’ |
West Central Oromo
fuffata
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| obsaa-n |
surree |
uffat-e |
|
pn
-
nom
|
trousers.
abs
|
put_on-3
sg
.
m
.
pfv
|
| ‘Obsa put on trousers.’ |
Zilo Andi
ritɬ’.inn-ij
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| ali-di |
ritɬ’.inn-ij |
ortʃoɡi |
|
pn
-
erg
|
put_on.
pst
-
pf
|
trousers[
inan
1][
nom
]
|
| ‘Ali put on trousers.’ |
