‘play (instrument)’
| Argument frame: | X (play) Y |
| Stimulus sentence: | (What is P. doing?) P. is playing the guitar . |
| Predicate label Ru: | играть |
| Argument frame Ru: | X (играть) на Y -е |
| Stimulus sentence Ru: | (Что сейчас делает П.?) П. играет на гитаре . |
Abaza sə
| Valency pattern: ABS_IO |
| X: ABS |
| Y: IO |
| Locus: Y |
| fatíma | gitára | d-á-s-əj-d |
| pn | guitar | 3 sg . h . abs -3 sg . n . io -hit- prs - dcl |
| ‘Fatima is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Aghul jarʜ.a-
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| aslan.a | č’iʁan | jarʜ.a-a |
| pn ( erg ) | squeezebox | strike. ipf - prs |
| ‘Aslan is playing the sqeezebox.’ | ||
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic +ṭavəl
| Valency pattern: SBJ_al |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: al |
| Locus: Y |
| +Ašur | ṭavul=ələ | +al | zurna |
| pn | play. prog =3 m | on | zurna(?) |
| ‘Ashur is playing the zurna.’ | |||
| Note: Non-Urmi speaker. | |||
Brazilian Portuguese tocar
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro | toc-a | violão |
| pn ( m ) | play-3 sg . prs | guitar( m ) |
| ‘Pedro is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Catalan tocar
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| en | Pere | està | toc-ant | la | guitarra |
| def . sg . m | pn ( m ) | be.3 sg . prs . ind | play- ger | def . sg . f | guitar( f ) |
| ‘Pere is playing the guitar.’ | |||||
Czech hrát
| Valency pattern: NOM_naACC |
| X: NOM |
| Y: naACC |
| Locus: Y |
| Petr | hraje | na | kytar-u |
| pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] | play( ipfv ). prs .3 sg | on | guitar( f )- acc . sg |
| ‘Petr is playing the guitar.’ | |||
Danish spille
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter | spille-r | guitar |
| pn | play- prs | guitar( c ). sg |
| ‘Peter is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Dutch spelen
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Piet | is | gitaar | aan | het | spel-en |
| pn (С) | cop .3 sg | guitar( c ) | on | art . def . n | play- inf |
| ‘Piet is playing the guitar.’ | |||||
Estonian mängima
| Valency pattern: NOM_PART |
| X: NOM |
| Y: PART |
| Locus: Y |
| Peeter | mängi-b | kitarri |
| pn . sg . nom | play- prs .3 sg | guitar. sg . part |
| ‘Peeter is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Finnish soittaa
| Valency pattern: NOM_PART |
| X: NOM |
| Y: PART |
| Locus: Y |
| Pekka | soitt-aa | kitara-a |
| pn . nom | play- prs .3 sg | guitar- part |
| ‘Pekka is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Forest Enets sɛnoko
| Valency pattern: NOM_LOC |
| X: NOM |
| Y: LOC |
| Locus: Y |
| modʲi | kasa-jʔ | garmoʃka-xan | sɛnokoɔ |
| i | man- nom . sg .1 sg | squeezebox- loc . sg | play( ipfv ).3 sg . s |
| ‘My friend is playing the squeezebox’. | |||
German spielen
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Karl | spiel-t | Gitarre |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | play- prs .3 sg | guitar[ acc . sg ] |
| ‘Karl is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Italian suonare
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Leo | suon-a | la | chitarr-a |
| pn ( m ) | play-3 sg . prs | def . sg . f | guitar- sg . f |
| ‘Leo is playing the guitar.’ | |||
Kazakh oyna
| Valency pattern: NOM_LOC |
| X: NOM |
| Y: LOC |
| Locus: Y |
| Petya | giytara-da | oyna-ydï |
| pn | guitar- loc | play- prs 2.3 sg |
| ‘Petya is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Kazym Khanty jǒntti
| Valency pattern: NOM_LOC |
| X: NOM |
| Y: LOC |
| Locus: Y |
| pet’a-j-en | nars_jŭχ-ǝn | jŏnt-ǝλ |
| pn - ep - poss .2 sg | nares_jux- loc | play- npst [3 sg ] |
| ‘Petja is playing the nares-jux.’ | ||
Latin modulor
| Valency pattern: NOM_ABL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ABL |
| Locus: Y |
| pastor | inaequal-i | modula-tur | harundin-e | carmen |
| shepherd( m ). nom . sg | unequal- abl . sg | play- prs . ind . act .3 sg | reed( f )- abl . sg | song( n ). acc . sg |
| ‘A shepherd is playing a song his unequal reeds.’ | ||||
| Note: (Ov. Rem. Am. 181) | ||||
Modern Hebrew menagen
| Valency pattern: SBJ_be |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: be |
| Locus: Y |
| Pinχas | menagen | ba | gitara |
| pn | play[ ptcp . sg . m ] | in+ def | guitar |
| ‘Pinchas is playing the guitar.’ | |||
Nanai kupi-
| Valency pattern: NOM_INS |
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Petia | gitar(a)-ǯi | kupi-ni |
| pn | guitar- ins | play. npst - p .3 sg |
| ‘Petia is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Nivkh sеwd
| Valency pattern: SBJ_INS |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Kaskazik | gitara-ɣir̥ | sеw-d |
| pn | guitar- ins | play- ind |
| ‘Kaskazik is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Norwegian Bokmål å spille
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Per | spille-r | gitar |
| pn | play- prs | guitar |
| ‘Per is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Polish grać
| Valency pattern: NOM_naLOC |
| X: NOM |
| Y: naLOC |
| Locus: Y |
| Dariusz | gra | na | gitarz-e |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | play: ipfv . prs .3 sg | on | guitar- loc . sg |
| ‘Dariusz is playing the guitar.’ | |||
Russian igratʹ
| Valency pattern: NOM_naLOC |
| X: NOM |
| Y: naLOC |
| Locus: Y |
| Pet-ja | igra-et | na | gitar-e |
| pn ( m )- nom . sg | play( ipfv )- prs .3 sg | on | guitar( f )- loc . sg |
| ‘Petja is playing the guitar.’ | |||
Rutul wɨrɨˁχɨˁra
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| rasul-a | saz | wɨ-rɨˁχɨˁ-r=a |
| pn - erg | saz( nom ) | 3-hit. ipfv - cvb =be |
| ‘Rasul is playing the saz.’ | ||
Serbian svira
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petar | svira | gitar-u |
| pn . nom . sg | играть. prs .3 sg | гитара- acc . sg |
| ‘Петар играет на гитаре.’ | ||
Shughni niwêzdow
| Valency pattern: NOM_SUP |
| X: NOM |
| Y: SUP |
| Locus: Y |
| Ahmed | gitar-ti | niwoz-d |
| pn | guitar- sup | play-3 sg |
| ‘Ahmed is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Skolt Saami siõrrâd
| Valency pattern: NOM_COM |
| X: NOM |
| Y: COM |
| Locus: Y |
| Peâtt | seârr | kitara-in |
| pn . sg . nom | play. prs .3 sg | guitar- sg . com |
| ‘PN is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Slovenian igrati
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter | igra | kitar-o |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | play: ipfv . prs .3 sg | guitar- acc . sg |
| ‘Peter is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Spanish tocar
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro | toc-a | la | guitarra |
| pn [ sg . m ] | touch- prs .3 sg | art . def . sg . f | guitar[ sg . f ] |
| ‘Pedro is playing the guitar.’ | |||
Swedish att spela
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Björn | spela-r | gitarr |
| pn | play- prs | guitar |
| ‘Björn is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Turkish çalmak
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Mehmet | gitar | çal-ıyor |
| pn | guitar | strike- prs |
| ‘Mehmet is playing the guitar.’ | ||
Ulcha xupi-
| Valency pattern: NOM_INS |
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| min | piktə-j | təŋkərə-ǯi | xup-i-ni |
| my | child-1 sg | tengkere- ins | play- prs -3 sg |
| ‘My son is playing the tengkere.’ | |||
| Note: Tengkere is a string instrument. | |||
Zilo Andi qχʷar.i-r
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| pat’imati-di | pandur | qχʷar.i-r |
| pn - erg | guitar[ inan 1][ nom ] | play. pst - prog |
| ‘Patimat is playing the guitar.’ | ||