‘paint’
| Argument frame: | X (paint) Y |
| Stimulus sentence: | P. painted the fence . |
| Predicate label Ru: | красить |
| Argument frame Ru: | X (красить) Y |
| Stimulus sentence Ru: | П. покрасил забор . |
Abaza ŝə
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| á-č’ḳʷən | a-gʷára | j-ŝə́-d |
| def -boy | def -fence | 3 sg . m . erg -paint( aor )- dcl |
| ‘The boy painted the fence.’ | ||
Aghul šur jarʜ.u-
| Valency pattern: ERG_DAT |
| X: ERG |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| aslan.a | zabur.i-s | šur | jarʜ.u-ne |
| pn ( erg ) | fence- dat | paint | strike. pf - aor |
| ‘Aslan painted the fence.’ | |||
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic maxə rang
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| sava | məxy-e-l | rang | guydanə |
| old. m | beat. pst - ss ( o ).3 pl - ls .3 m | color( m ) | wall( m ). pl |
| ‘The oldman painted the walls.’ | |||
Brazilian Portuguese pintar
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro | pint-ou | a | cerca |
| pn ( m ) | paint-3 sg . pst | def . f | fence( f ) |
| ‘Pedro painted the fence.’ | |||
Catalan pintar
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| en | Pere | va | pint-ar | la | tanca |
| def . sg . m | pn ( m ) | go.3 sg . prs . ind | paint- inf | def . sg . f | fence( f ) |
| ‘Pere painted the fence.’ | |||||
Czech natřít
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petr | natře-l | plot |
| pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] | paint( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] | fence( m )[ acc . sg ] |
| ‘Petr painted the fence.’ | ||
Danish male
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter | male-de | stakitt-et |
| pn | paint- pst | fence( n )- def . sg |
| ‘Peter painted the fence.’ | ||
Dutch verven
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Piet | heeft | het | hekje | ge-verf-d |
| pn (С) | have.3 sg | art . def . n | fence( n ) | ptcp -paint- ptcp |
| ‘Piet painted the fence.’ | ||||
Estonian värvima
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Peeter | värvi-s | aeda |
| pn . sg . nom | paint- pst .3 sg | fence. sg . part |
| ‘Peeter painted the fence.’ | ||
Finnish maalata
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Pekka | maala-si | aida-n |
| pn . nom | paint- pst .3 sg | fence- gen |
| ‘Pekka painted the fence.’ | ||
Forest Enets krasijr
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| kasa-jʔ | pe | ne | kexon | kamozo-da | krasij-bi-za |
| man- nom . sg .1 sg | outdoors | side | side- loc . sg | house- obl . sg .3 sg | paint( ipfv )- prf -3 sg . so sg |
| ‘My friend painted his house on the side of the street’. | |||||
| Note: This is probably a spontaneous borrowing from Russian. | |||||
German streichen
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Karl | strich | den | Zaun |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | paint. pst .3 sg | def . m . acc . sg | fence[ acc . sg ] |
| ‘Karl painted the fence.’ | |||
Italian pitturare
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Leo | ha | pitturato | il | recint-o |
| pn ( m ) | aux .3 sg . prs | paint. pst . ptcp | def . sg . m | fence- sg . m |
| ‘Leo painted the fence.’ | ||||
Kazakh boya
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petya | qoršaw-dï | boya-dï |
| pn | fence- acc | paint- pst 1.3 sg |
| ‘Petya painted the fence.’ | ||
Kazym Khanty ɔλǝpǝn nԑrti
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| pet’a-j-en | χɔp-ǝλ | ɔλǝp-ǝn | nԑr-s-ǝλλe |
| pn - ep - poss .2 sg | boat- poss .3 sg | paint- loc | smear- pst -3 sg . so |
| ‘Petja painted the boat.’ | |||
Latin pingo
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| me-um | cori-um | quem | Apelle-s | ac | Zeuxis | duo | ping-e-nt | pigment-is | ulme-is |
| my- acc . sg . n | skin( n )- acc . sg | which. acc . sg | pn ( m )- nom . sg | and_also | pn ( m ). nom . sg | two. nom . m | paint- fut . ind - act .3 pl | pigment( n )- abl . pl | elm_tree- abl . pl . n |
| ‘My back that both Apelles and Zeuxis will paint with elm-tree colours.’ | |||||||||
| Note: (Pl. Epid. 626) | |||||||||
Modern Hebrew tsava
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pinχas | tsava | et | ha | gader |
| pn | paint[ pst .3 sg . m ] | do | def | fence |
| ‘Pinchas painted the fence.’ | ||||
Nanai niulə-
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Petia | geasa-wa | niulə-xə-ni |
| pn | hedge- obl | paint- pst - p .3 sg |
| ‘Petia painted the fence.’ | ||
Nivkh jivud
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Kaskazik | vazr̥ | j-ivu-d |
| pn | fence | 3 sg -paint- ind |
| ‘Kaskazik painted the fence.’ | ||
Norwegian Bokmål å male
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Per | mal-te | gjerd-et |
| pn | paint- pst | fence- def . n . sg |
| ‘Per painted the fence.’ | ||
Polish pomalować
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Tomasz | pomalowa-ł | płot |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | paint: pfv \ pst - pst [ m .3 sg ] | fence[ acc . sg ] |
| ‘Tomasz painted the fence.’ | ||
Russian pokrasitʹ
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Pet-ja | pokrasi-l | zabor |
| pn ( m )- nom . sg | paint( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] | fence( m )[ acc . sg ] |
| ‘Petja painted the fence.’ | ||
Rutul šir jiˀwχaˀra
| Valency pattern: ERG_DAT |
| X: ERG |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| rasul-a | čapra-s | šir | jiˀ<w>χaˀ-r=a |
| pn - erg | fence. obl - dat | paint | <3>hit. ipfv . ipfv - cvb =be |
| ‘Rasul painted the fence.’ | |||
Serbian ofarbao
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petar | je | ofarba-o | ograd-u |
| pn . nom . sg | быть. prs .3 sg | покрасить- part . perf . m . sg | забор- acc . sg |
| ‘Петар покрасил забор.’ | |||
Shughni rang čīdow
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Azim=i | xu | divi | rang | čūd |
| pn =3 sg | refl | door | color | do. pst |
| ‘Azim painted the door.’ | ||||
Skolt Saami kälkkeed
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peâtt | kälkki-i | ääiʹd |
| pn . sg . nom | paint- pst .3 sg | fence. sg . acc |
| ‘Pete painted the fence.’ | ||
Slovenian pobarvati
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter | je | pobarva-l | ograj-o |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | paint: pfv - lpt [ m . sg ] | fence- acc . sg |
| ‘Peter painted the fence.’ | |||
Spanish pintar
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro | ha | pinta-do | la | valla |
| pn [ sg . m ] | aux .3 sg | paint- ptcp : prf | art . def . sg . f | fence[ sg . f ] |
| ‘Pedro painted the fence.’ | ||||
Swedish att måla
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Björn | måla-de | staket-et |
| pn | paint- pst | fence- def . n . sg |
| ‘Björn painted the fence.’ | ||
Turkish boyamak
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Mehmet | çit-ler-i | boya-dı |
| pn | fence- pl - acc | paint- pst |
| ‘Mehmet painted the fence.’ | ||
Ulcha ńīlči-
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| ama | kərəmbə-wə | ńīl-či-xə-n |
| father | fence- acc | paint- iter - pst -3 sg |
| ‘Father painted the fence.’ | ||
Zilo Andi buʃ.o
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| ali-di | qχen | buʃ.o |
| pn - erg | wall[ inan 1][ nom ] | smear. pst ( aor ) |
| ‘Ali painted the wall.’ | ||