‘miss’
Argument frame: |
X
(miss)
Y
|
Stimulus sentence: |
P.
misses
M
.
|
Predicate label Ru: |
скучать
|
Argument frame Ru: |
X
(скучать) по
Y
-у
|
Stimulus sentence Ru: |
П.
скучает по
М
.
|
Abaza
ʕa-gʷalaŝa
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: ERG |
Y: ABS |
Locus: TR |
murád |
j-aχš’á |
d-ʕá-j-gʷalaŝ-əj-d |
pn
|
3
sg
.
m
.
io
-sister
|
3
sg
.
h
.
abs
-
cisl
-3
sg
.
m
.
erg
-miss-
prs
-
dcl
|
‘Murad misses his sister.’ |
Adyghe (West Circassian)
fe-zešʼə
Valency pattern:
ABS_BEN
|
X: ABS |
Y: BEN |
Locus: Y |
wə-qə-s-fe-mə-zešʼ |
2
sg
.
abs
-
csl
-1
sg
.
io
-
ben
-
neg
-miss
|
‘Don’t miss me!’ |
Aghul
dariχ x.u-
Valency pattern:
ABS_POST.LAT
|
X: ABS |
Y: POST.LAT |
Locus: Y |
aslan |
dariχ |
x.u-naa |
baw.a-q-tːi |
pn
|
miss
|
become.
pf
-
prf
|
mother-
post
-
lat
|
‘Aslan misses his mother.’ |
Alik Kryz
darixmiş xhiyic
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
X: NOM |
Y: DAT |
Locus: Y |
terlan |
leyla-z |
darixmiş |
şe-re |
pn
|
pn
-
dat
|
be_bored
|
be.
ipfv
-
prs
.
m
|
‘Terlan misses Leyla.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Archi
bazar
Valency pattern:
NOM_DATxir
|
X: NOM |
Y: DATxir |
Locus: Y |
paša |
marin-ni-s |
χir |
bazar-ši |
w-i |
pn
|
pn
-
obl
-
dat
|
behind
|
be.missing-
advz
|
1-be
|
‘Pasha misses Marina.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate (so-called "stative"). The NP in the dative case cannot be separated from the “χir” element. The combination of the dative case and “χir” is analyzed as an argument-encoding device. |
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
maxnə
Valency pattern:
SBJ_bar
|
X: SBJ |
Y: bar |
Locus: Y |
urza |
maxnuy=əl |
+bar |
baxt-u |
man(
m
)
|
miss.
prog
=3
m
|
after
|
woman(
f
)-
p
.3
m
|
‘This man misses his wife.’ |
Avar
ššweze
Valency pattern:
GEN_LAT
|
X: GEN |
Y: LAT |
Locus: XY |
ʕali-l |
marjam-i-de |
rak’ |
ššun |
b-ugo |
pn
-
gen
|
pn
-
obl
-
lat
|
heart
|
reach.
seq
|
n
-
cop
|
‘Ali misses Marjam.’ |
Azerbaijani
darıxmaq
Valency pattern:
NOM_ucun
|
X: NOM |
Y: ucun |
Locus: Y |
Aslan |
Leyla |
üçün |
darıx-ır |
pn
|
pn
|
for
|
yearn-
ipfv
(3)
|
‘Aslan misses Leyla.’ |
Bafut
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Bambara
ɲɛ́nafin` bɛ́/tɛ́
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
ń |
mùso` |
ɲɛ́nafin` |
bɛ́ |
ń |
lá |
1
sg
|
woman\
art
|
sadness\
art
|
be
|
1
sg
|
in
|
‘I miss my wife.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. Non-verbal predicate. |
Brazilian Portuguese
sentir falta
Valency pattern:
SBJ_de
|
X: SBJ |
Y: de |
Locus: Y |
Pedro |
sent-e |
falta |
de |
Maria |
pn
(
m
)
|
feel-3
sg
.
prs
|
lack(
f
)
|
of
|
pn
(
f
)
|
‘Pedro misses Maria.’ |
Budugh
darixmi yıxhar
Valency pattern:
NOM_DATbadala
|
X: NOM |
Y: DATbadala |
Locus: Y |
aslan |
leyla'-z |
badala |
darixmi |
yıxhar-a'vi |
pn
|
pn
-
dat
|
for
|
bored
|
(
m
)be.
ipf
-
prog
|
‘Aslan misses Leyla.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Catalan
trobar a faltar
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
en |
Pere |
trob-a |
a |
falt-ar |
la |
Maria |
def
.
sg
.
m
|
pn
(
m
)
|
find-3
sg
.
prs
|
to
|
be_missing-
inf
|
def
.
sg
.
f
|
pn
(
f
)
|
‘Pere misses Maria.’ |
Chirag
c’ijal b-uχi
Valency pattern:
ABS_SUPER
|
X: ABS |
Y: SUPER |
Locus: Y |
rusːe |
babaj-l-i |
c’ijal |
r-uχ-ub-le |
girl(
abs
)
|
mother-
obl
-
super
|
miss
|
f
.
sg
-become:
pf
-
aor
-
res
.
prs
.3
|
‘The girl misses her mother.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Czech
stýskat se
Valency pattern:
NOM_poLOC
|
X: NOM |
Y: poLOC |
Locus: Y |
Petr |
se |
stýská |
po |
Michal-ovi |
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
refl
.
acc
|
miss(
ipfv
).
prs
.3
sg
|
after
|
pn
(
m
)-
loc
.
sg
|
‘Petr misses Michal.’ |
Danish
savner
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Peter |
savne-r |
Marie |
pn
|
miss-
prs
|
pn
|
‘Peter misses Marie.’ |
Dutch
missen
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Piet |
mis-t |
Marie |
pn
(
c
)
|
miss-3
sg
|
pn
(
c
)
|
‘Piet misses Marie.’ |
Eastern Maninka
be
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
Sékù |
lɔ́ɔ` |
yé |
à |
ná |
lá. |
pn
|
desire\
art
|
be
|
3
sg
|
mother
|
at
|
‘Seku misses his mother.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. Non-verbal predication. |
English
miss
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Estonian
igatsema
Valency pattern:
NOM_PART
|
X: NOM |
Y: PART |
Locus: Y |
Peeter |
igatse-b |
Mareti-t |
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
miss-
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
-
sg
.
part
|
‘Peeter misses Maret.’ |
Finnish
ikävä + COP
Valency pattern:
NOM_PART
|
X: NOM |
Y: PART |
Locus: Y |
Peka-lla |
on |
ikävä |
Matti-a |
pn
-
ade
|
be.
prs
.3
sg
|
sad.
nom
|
pn
-
part
|
‘Pekka misses Matti’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Forest Enets
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
French
manquer
Valency pattern:
NDIR.OBJ_SBJ
|
X: NDIR.OBJ |
Y: SBJ |
Locus: X |
Marie |
manque |
à |
Paul |
pn
(
f
)
|
miss.
prs
.3
sg
|
to
|
pn
(
m
)
|
‘Paul misses Marie.’ |
Georgian
Ø-e-nat'r-eb-a (PRS)
Valency pattern:
DAT_NOM
|
X: DAT |
Y: NOM |
Locus: X |
p'et're-s |
mašo-Ø |
Ø-e-nat'r-eb-a |
pn
-
dat
|
pn
-
nom
|
io
3-
ver
:
r
-wish-
sm
-
s
3
sg
.
inact
|
‘Petre misses Masho.’ |
German
sich sehnen
Valency pattern:
NOM_nachDAT
|
X: NOM |
Y: nachDAT |
Locus: Y |
Karl |
sehn-t |
sich |
nach |
Marie |
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
long-
prs
.3
sg
|
refl
|
after
|
pn
[
dat
.
sg
]
|
‘Karl misses Marie.’ |
Guinean Kpelle
wɛ́li hǒŋ
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
Kɔ̀lukɔlu |
wɛ́li |
káa |
Pépèe |
hò-zî |
pn
|
love
|
cop
|
pn
|
catch-
inf
|
‘Pepee misses Kolukolu.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. |
Icari Dargwa
b=et'-araj
Valency pattern:
SUPLAT_POST.ELAT
|
X: SUPLAT |
Y: POST.ELAT |
Locus: XY |
Islam-lij |
Madina-leh-er |
b=et'-ib-ca=b |
pn
-
suplat
|
pn
-
post
-
elat
|
n
=miss:
pf
-
aor
-
cop
=
n
|
‘Islam misses Madina.’ |
Irish
braith ó
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Braith-ean |
Pól |
uaid |
Máire. |
miss-
prs
|
pn
|
from.3
sg
.
m
|
pn
|
‘Pól misses Máire.’ |
Note: uaid is not a device for flagging Y. |
Italian
mancare
Valency pattern:
NDIR.OBJ_SBJ
|
X: NDIR.OBJ |
Y: SBJ |
Locus: X |
a |
Leo |
manc-a |
Maria |
to
|
pn
(
m
)
|
lack-3
sg
.
prs
|
pn
(
f
)
|
‘Leo misses Maria.’ |
Kadar Dargwa
karc'-CL-uh-es / karc'-CL-ur-es
Valency pattern:
NOM_SUPER
|
X: NOM |
Y: SUPER |
Locus: Y |
meħamad |
karc'-0-uh-ub |
ʡaˤšura-ke |
pn
|
miss-
m
-become.
pfv
-
pret
|
pn
-
super
|
‘Muhammad misses Ashura.’ |
Kalderash Romani
lel doro
Valency pattern:
ACC_pa
|
X: ACC |
Y: pa |
Locus: XY |
le |
Murš-as |
l-el |
doro |
pa |
Marijk-a |
art
.
m
.
obl
|
pn
-
acc
.
sg
|
take-
prs
-3
sg
|
sadness
|
with
|
pn
-
nom
.
sg
|
‘Murša misses Marijka.’ |
Kandyk Tabasaran
Valency pattern:
GEN_APUD
|
X: GEN |
Y: APUD |
Locus: XY |
maˁhaˁmed.a-n |
juk̊’ |
fatima.ji-x |
du-b-x-na |
pn
-
gen
|
heart(
abs
)
|
pn
-
apud
|
res
-
n
.
sg
-become-
res
|
‘Mahamad misses Fatima. |
Note: The NP in the genitive displays some properties of a clause-level dependent. |
Karata
rak’wa t’amaɬa
Valency pattern:
POSS_ADLAT
|
X: POSS |
Y: ADLAT |
Locus: XY |
ʕali-b |
marjam-i-χar |
rak’wa |
t’am-e |
idja |
pn
-
n
|
pn
-
obl
-
adlat
|
heart
|
throw-
pf
|
cop
|
‘Ali misses Marjam.’ |
Kaytag Dargwa
hancikara
Valency pattern:
DATLAT_NOM
|
X: DATLAT |
Y: NOM |
Locus: X |
petja-j |
maša |
hancarič:-ivca |
pn
-
datlat
|
pn
|
f
.be_missed.
pf
-
perf
|
‘Petja misses Misha.’ |
Kazakh
saɣïn
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Petya |
Maša-nï |
saɣïn-ïp |
žür |
pn
|
pn
-
acc
|
miss-
cvb
|
go.3
sg
|
‘Petya misses Masha.’ |
Kazym Khanty
mǎrԑmǝti
Valency pattern:
NOM_NOMtakla
|
X: NOM |
Y: NOMtakla |
Locus: Y |
pet’a-j-en |
maša-j-ǝλ |
takλa |
mǎrԑmǝ-s-i |
pn
-
ep
-
poss
.2
sg
|
pn
-
ep
-
poss
.3
sg
|
without
|
miss-
pst
-
pass
[3
sg
]
|
‘Petja misses Maša.’ |
Note: The verb is in the passive form. |
Khoekhoe
ǁkhore
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: OBL |
Locus: TR |
Petru-b |
ge |
Maria-s-a |
go |
ǁkhore |
pn
-3
m
.
sg
|
decl
|
pn
-3
f
.
sg
-
obl
|
rpst
|
miss
|
‘Peter misses Maria.’ |
Khwarshi
lok’ʷaƛ'oho liχʷa
Valency pattern:
DAT_ABS
|
X: DAT |
Y: ABS |
Locus: X |
di-l |
lok’ʷa-ƛ'o-ho |
liχ-na |
uža |
1
sg
.
o
-
dat
|
heart(
iv
)-
super
-?
ad
|
go-
pst
.
i
|
son
|
‘I miss my son.’ |
Note: The agreement behaviour of “liχ-na” is not clear. |
Kina Rutul
c’iɣal jišira
Valency pattern:
DAT_SUB
|
X: DAT |
Y: SUB |
Locus: XY |
rasul-u-s |
madinat-ɨ-χda |
c’iɣal |
jiši-r=a |
pn
-
obl
-
dat
|
pn
-
obl
-
sub
|
longing(
nom
)
|
4.become.
pfv
-
cvb
=be
|
‘Rasul misses Madinat.’ |
Kumyk
saʁɨnmaq
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
X: NOM |
Y: DAT |
Locus: Y |
rasul |
patimat-qa |
saʁɨn-d-ɨ |
pn
|
pn
-
dat
|
miss-
pst
-3
sg
|
‘Rasul misses Patimat.’ |
Latin
desidero
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
fort-ius |
e |
mult-is |
mater |
desidera-t |
un-um |
strong-
cmpr
|
from
|
many-
abl
.
pl
|
mother(
f
).
nom
.
sg
|
miss[
prs
.
ind
]-
act
.3
sg
|
one-
acc
.
sg
.
m
|
‘A mother missed one of many the most.’ |
Note: (Ov. Rem. Am. 463) |
Laz
o-nč'el-u
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
Käzim-i-s |
Fatma-Ø |
g-a-Ø-nč'el-u |
pn
-
b
-
dat
|
pn
-
nom
|
prv
-
ver
:
sup
-
io
3-hug-
s
3
sg
.
pst
|
‘Käzim wanted to hug Fatma.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because the translation deviates too far from the stimulus sentence. |
Mandarin Chinese
xiǎngniàn
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Zhāngsān |
xiǎngniàn |
Lǐsì |
pn
|
miss
|
pn
|
‘Zhangsan misses Lisi.’ |
Mano
lɔ̀ kṵ́
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
ī |
lɔ̀ |
lɛ̄ |
ŋ̄ |
kṵ́-pɛ̀lɛ̀ |
2
sg
|
love
|
3
sg
.
exi
|
1
sg
|
catch-
inf
|
‘I miss you.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. |
Mehweb
Valency pattern:
NOM_AD.ESS
|
X: NOM |
Y: AD.ESS |
Locus: Y |
Islam |
bizar |
urh-uwe |
le-w |
Madina-le-ʡe-w |
pn
|
missing
|
m
.become:
ipfv
-
cvb
|
be-
m
|
pn
-
obl
-
ad
-
m
(
ess
)
|
‘Islam misses Madina.’ |
Mingrelian
Ø-o-nart'-u(n)-Ø (PRS)
Valency pattern:
DAT_NOM
|
X: DAT |
Y: NOM |
Locus: X |
čelo-s |
anučia-Ø |
Ø-o-nart'-u(n)-Ø |
pn
-
dat
|
pn
-
nom
|
io
3-
ver
:
sup
-miss-
sm
-
s
3
sg
.
inact
|
‘Chelo misses Anuchia.’ |
Note: This verb phrase is a recent borrowing from Georgian. |
Modern Hebrew
mitgagea
Valency pattern:
SBJ_le
|
X: SBJ |
Y: le |
Locus: Y |
Pinχas |
mitgagea |
le |
Menaχem |
pn
|
miss[
ptcp
.
sg
.
m
]
|
to
|
pn
|
‘Pinchas misses Menachem.’ |
Mukhad Rutul
c'ijal hıʔın
Valency pattern:
DAT_APUD
|
X: DAT |
Y: APUD |
Locus: XY |
murad-ı-s |
majram-ı-χda |
c'ijal |
jiʔi |
pn
-
obl
-
dat
|
pn
-
obl
-
apud
|
bore
|
n
.
cop
|
‘Murad misses Majram.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Nanai
ǯoŋgo-
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: OBL |
Locus: TR |
Petia |
Maša-wa |
ǯoŋ-go-j-ni |
pn
|
pn
-
obl
|
mention-
rep
-
npst
-
p
.3
sg
|
‘Petia misses Masha.’ |
Nivkh
ŋawzоr̥kt
Valency pattern:
SBJ_DAT/ADD
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DAT/ADD |
Locus: Y |
Kaskazik |
Ajsana-rоχ |
ŋawzоr̥k-t |
pn
|
pn
-
dat
/
add
|
miss-
ind
|
‘Kaskazik misses Ajsana.’ |
Northern Akhvakh
mišaraquruƛa
Valency pattern:
NOM_AD
|
X: NOM |
Y: AD |
Locus: Y |
pataħi |
madina-qqe |
mišaraq-o |
gudi |
pn
|
pn
-
ad
|
miss-
seq
.
m
|
m
.
cop
|
‘Patahi misses Madina.’ |
Northern Mansi
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Northern Yukaghir
īligi=
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Sǝmiǝn |
Əkulˈǝ |
īligi-m-lǝ |
pn
|
pn
|
yearn-
tr
-
of
.3
sg
|
‘Semien misses Akulina.’ |
Norwegian Bokmål
å savne
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Per |
savne-r |
Kari |
pn
|
miss-
prs
|
pn
|
‘Per misses Kari.’ |
Polish
tęsknić
Valency pattern:
NOM_zaINS
|
X: NOM |
Y: zaINS |
Locus: Y |
Marek |
tęskni |
za |
Magd-ą |
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
miss:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
behind
|
pn
-
ins
.
sg
|
‘Marek misses Magda.’ |
Russian
skučatʹ
Valency pattern:
NOM_poDAT
|
X: NOM |
Y: poDAT |
Locus: Y |
Pet-ja |
skuča-et |
po |
Maš-e |
pn
(
m
)-
nom
.
sg
|
miss(
ipfv
)-
prs
.3
sg
|
by
|
pn
(
f
)-
dat
.
sg
|
‘Petja misses Maša.’ |
Serbian
nedostajati
Valency pattern:
DAT_NOM
|
X: DAT |
Y: NOM |
Locus: X |
Petr-u |
nedostaje |
Marij-a |
pn
-
dat
.
sg
|
miss.
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
-
nom
.
sg
|
‘Petar misses Maria.’ |
Shinaz Rutul
c'ijal h-iši-n
Valency pattern:
DAT_APUD
|
X: DAT |
Y: APUD |
Locus: XY |
basir-ɨs |
c'ijal |
ɨj |
peri-χda |
pn
-
dat
|
longing
|
cop
|
pn
-
apud
|
‘Basir misses Peri.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Shughni
dargil sitow
Valency pattern:
NOM_SUP
|
X: NOM |
Y: SUP |
Locus: Y |
Azim |
Lola-ti |
dargīl |
suδǰ |
pn
|
pn
-
sup
|
sad
|
go.
m
.
pf
|
‘Azim misses Lola.’ |
Skolt Saami
âʹǩǩõõššâd
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Peâtt |
âʹǩǩââžž |
Määʹrj |
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
miss.
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
.
sg
.
acc
|
‘Pete misses Maria’ |
Slovak
chýbať
Valency pattern:
DAT_NOM
|
X: DAT |
Y: NOM |
Locus: X |
Petr-ovi |
chýba |
Mári-a |
pn
(
m
)-
dat
.
sg
|
miss(
ipfv
).
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
(
f
)-
nom
.
sg
|
‘Peter misses Maria.’ |
Slovenian
tožiti se
Valency pattern:
DAT_poLOC
|
X: DAT |
Y: poLOC |
Locus: XY |
Petr-u |
se |
toži |
po |
An-i |
pn
-
dat
.
sg
|
rfl
|
miss:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
by
|
pn
-
loc
.
sg
|
‘Peter misses Ana.’ |
Sorani Kurdish
tase kiridin
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
Mensour |
tase-î |
Marie-î |
de-k-a |
pn
|
missing-
izf
|
pn
-
obl
|
ind
-do.
prs
-3
sg
|
‘Mansour misses Marie.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. |
Southern Rutul
yik' isala hıʔın
Valency pattern:
ATTR_APUD
|
X: ATTR |
Y: APUD |
Locus: XY |
murad-ıd |
ayten-i-xda |
yik' |
isala |
haʔa-r |
pn
-
attr
|
pn
-
obl
-
apud
|
heart
|
bored
|
n
.do.
ipf
-
prs
|
‘Murad misses Ayten.’ |
Spanish
echar de menos
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Pedro |
ech-a |
de |
menos |
a |
María |
pn
[
sg
.
m
]
|
throw-
prs
.3
sg
|
from
|
less
|
dir
.
obj
.
anm
|
pn
[
sg
.
f
]
|
‘Pedro misses Maria.’ |
Standard Arabic
Ɂištāqa
Valency pattern:
NOM_ilaaGEN
|
X: NOM |
Y: ilaaGEN |
Locus: Y |
Badr-un |
yaštāqu |
Ɂilā |
Maryam-a |
pn
-
nom
|
miss.
ipf
.3
m
|
towards
|
pn
-
gen
|
‘Badr misses Maryam.’ |
Svan
x-a-c'wdun-i (PRS)
Valency pattern:
DAT_BEN
|
X: DAT |
Y: BEN |
Locus: XY |
maizer-s |
lile-šd |
x-a-c'wdun-i |
pn
-
dat
|
pn
-
ben
|
io
3-
ver
:
sup
-miss-
prs
|
‘Maizer misses Lile.’ |
Note: Nominative "lile-Ø" is also possible. |
Swedish
att sakna
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Björn |
sakna-r |
Maja |
pn
|
miss-
prs
|
pn
|
‘Björn misses Maja.’ |
Tagalog
Valency pattern:
ACT_LOC
|
X: ACT |
Y: LOC |
Locus: Y |
na-ngu~ngulila |
si |
Pedro |
kay |
Maria |
<
ipfv
>
stem
-
ipfv
~feel_lonely[
av
]
|
pers
.
subj
|
pn
|
pers
.
dat
|
pn
|
‘Pedro misses Maria.’ |
Telugu
mis agu
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
pravīṇ |
madhuri-ni |
mis |
avutunnāḍu |
pn
(
m
).
sg
.
nom
|
pn
(
f
).
sg
.
obl
-
acc
|
miss
|
become.
dur
.3
sg
.
m
|
‘Praveen misses Madhuri.’ |
Tsakhur
darıхmıšхhay
Valency pattern:
NOM_mee
|
X: NOM |
Y: mee |
Locus: Y |
murad |
leyla-yni-mee |
darıхmıš-eeхhi |
pn
|
pn
-
obl
-until
|
bored-be.
pf
|
‘Murad misses Leyla.’ |
Tsudakhar Dargwa
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Tsugni Dargwa
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Turkish
özlemek
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Mehmet |
Filiz-i |
özlö-yor |
pn
|
pn
-
acc
|
miss-
prs
|
‘Mehmet misses Filiz.’ |
Turoyo
soyəm beriye
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
Gabriyel |
ko-soyəm |
i |
beriye |
d |
Maryam |
pn
|
prs
-do.
ipfv
.3
m
|
art
.
f
|
longing(
f
)
|
rel
|
pn
|
‘Gabriyel misses Maryam.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. |
Twi
afe
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Kofi |
afe |
nanabarima |
pn
|
miss(3
sg
.
prs
)
|
grandfather
|
‘Kofi misses grandfather.’ |
Ulcha
ǯonǯi-
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
əktə |
piktə |
mə̄n |
ən-bi |
ǯonǯ-i-ni |
female
|
child
|
self
|
mother-
refl
.
sg
|
miss-
prs
-3
sg
|
‘The girl misses her mother.’ |
Uzbek
soɣinmoq
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Petya |
Maša-ni |
soɣin-di |
pn
|
pn
-
acc
|
miss-
pst
.3
sg
|
‘Petja misses Maša.’ |
West Central Oromo
jaada
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ABS |
Locus: TR |
obsaa-n |
boontuu |
jaad-a |
pn
-
nom
|
pn
.
abs
|
miss-3
sg
.
m
.
ipfv
|
‘Obsa misses Bontu.’ |
Wolof
namm
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: OBJ |
Locus: TR |
Usmaan |
dafa |
namm |
yaay-am |
pn
|
f
oc
v
.s
i
:3
sg
|
miss
|
mother(
j
)-
poss
:3
sg
|
‘Usmaan misses his mother.’ |
Yargun Lezgian
Valency pattern:
GEN_SUB/POST
|
X: GEN |
Y: SUB/POST |
Locus: XY |
Sahib-a-n |
Lale-di-k |
vil |
gala |
pn
-
obl
-
gen
|
pn
-
obl
-
sub
/
post
|
eye
|
be.behind
|
‘Sahib misses Lale.’ |
Zazaki
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
oxɨr |
bɨri-ja |
wɛlat-e |
xo |
kɛ-n-o |
pn
|
longing-
ez
.
f
|
homeland-
ez
.
m
|
refl
|
do.
prs
-
aug
-3
sg
.
m
|
‘Oxir misses his homeland.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. |
Zilo Andi
haluχ.onn-ij
Valency pattern:
NOM_INST
|
X: NOM |
Y: INST |
Locus: Y |
marjam |
haluχ.onn-ij |
pat’imati-qχi |
pn
[
f
][
nom
]
|
miss.
pst
-
pf
|
pn
-
inst
|
‘Mariam misses Patimat.’ |