‘melt’
| Argument frame: | X (melt) Y |
| Stimulus sentence: | P. melted a piece of lead . |
| Predicate label Ru: | плавить |
| Argument frame Ru: | X (плавить) Y |
| Stimulus sentence Ru: | П. расплавил кусок свинца . |
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| a-nχaʕʷə́ | ájχa–čət-ḳ | jə́-r-ĉa-d |
| def -worker | metal–piece- indf | 3 sg . m . erg - caus -melt( aor )- dcl |
| ‘The worker melted a piece of metal.’ | ||
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| aslan.a | qːurqːušum | uc’.u-ne |
| pn ( erg ) | lead | melt. pf - aor |
| ‘Aslan melted a piece of lead.’ | ||
| Note: Labile verb. | ||
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| yala | mupšər-rə | prəzla |
| boy( m ) | melt(tr). pst - ls .3 m | iron( m ) |
| ‘The boy melted the iron.’ | ||
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| modʲi | kasa-jʔ | salba-da | dʲuta |
| i | man- nom . sg .1 sg | ice- obl . sg .3 sg | heat( pfv ).3 sg . s |
| ‘My friend melted the ice’. | |||
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pinχas | hitiχ | pisa-t | oferet |
| pn | melt[ pst .3 sg . m ] | piece- cs | lead |
| ‘Pinchas melted a piece of lead.’ | |||
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Petia | toǯa | pasi-wa-n.’ | uu-mbuwəŋ-ki-ni |
| pn | свинец | кусок- obl - p .3 sg | таять- caus - pst - p .3 sg |
| ‘Петя расплавил кусок свинца.’ | |||
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Per | smelte-t | en | bit | bly |
| pn | melt- pst | indf . m . sg | piece | lead |
| ‘Per melted a piece of lead.’ | ||||
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Pet-ja | rasplavi-l | kusok | svinc-a |
| pn ( m )- nom . sg | melt( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] | piece( m )[ acc . sg ] | lead( m )- gen . sg |
| ‘Petja melted a piece of lead.’ | |||
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| rasul-a | jic’-a | hɨɁɨ-r=a-j | tike | ɢurʁušin-ad |
| pn - erg | 4.melt- imp | 4.do. pfv - cvb =be- pst | piece( nom ) | lead- attr |
| ‘Rasul melted a piece of lead.’ | ||||
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peâtt | suddi-i | lââʹjj-kuuʹsǩ |
| pn . sg . nom | melt- pst .3 sg | lead-piece. sg . acc |
| ‘Pete melted a piece of lead.’ | ||
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter | je | razstopi-l | kos | svinc-a |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | melt: pfv - lpt [ m . sg ] | piece[ acc . sg ] | lead- gen . sg |
| ‘Peter melted a piece of lead.’ | ||||
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Björn | smälte | en | bit | bly. |
| ‘Björn melted a piece of lead.’ | ||||
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Mehmet | buz-u | erit-ti |
| pn | ice- acc | melt- pst |
| ‘Mehmet melted the ice.’ | ||
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| ali-di | b-uts’-oɬ.i | t’uʃi |
| pn - erg | inan 1-melt- caus . pst ( aor ) | lead |
| ‘Ali has melted some lead.’ | ||