‘make’
Argument frame: |
X
(make)
Y
|
Stimulus sentence: |
P.
made
a mousetrap
.
|
Predicate label Ru: |
изготовить
|
Argument frame Ru: |
X
(изготовить)
Y
|
Stimulus sentence Ru: |
П.
изготовил
мышеловку
.
|
Abaza
č’pa
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: ERG |
Y: ABS |
Locus: TR |
rasúl |
bómba |
j-č’pa-d |
pn
|
bomb
|
3
sg
.
m
.
erg
-make(
aor
)-
dcl
|
‘Rasul made a bomb.’ |
Aghul
aq’.u-
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: ERG |
Y: ABS |
Locus: TR |
aslan.a |
bomba |
aq’.u-ne |
pn
(
erg
)
|
bomb
|
do.
pf
-
aor
|
‘Aslan made a bomb.’ |
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
+tarəs
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
+Ašur |
+turəs-lə |
cursa |
pn
|
build.
pst
-
ls
.3
m
|
chair(
m
)
|
‘Ashur made a chair.’ |
Note: Non-Urmi speaker. |
Brazilian Portuguese
construir
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Pedro |
constru-iu |
um-a |
ratoeira |
pn
(
m
)
|
build-3
sg
.
pst
|
indf
-
f
|
mousetrap(
f
)
|
‘Pedro made a mousetrap.’ |
Catalan
fer
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
en |
Pere |
va |
fer |
un-a |
ratonera |
def
.
sg
.
m
|
pn
(
m
)
|
go.3
sg
.
prs
.
ind
|
make-
inf
|
indf
-
sg
.
f
|
mousetrap(
f
)
|
‘Pere made a mousetrap.’ |
Czech
vyrobit
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Petr |
vyrobi-l |
bomb-u |
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
make(
pfv
)-
pst
[
m
.
sg
]
|
bomb(
f
)-
acc
.
sg
|
‘Petr made a bomb.’ |
Danish
lave
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Peter |
lave-de |
en |
musefælde |
pn
|
make-
pst
|
indf
.
sg
|
mousetrap(
c
)
|
‘Peter made a mousetrap.’ |
Dutch
klaarmaken
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Piet |
heeft |
een |
bom |
klaar-ge-maak-t |
pn
(С)
|
have.3
sg
|
art
.
indf
|
bomb(С)
|
ready-
ptcp
-make-
ptcp
|
‘Piet made a bomb.’ |
Estonian
tegema
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
Locus: TR |
Peeter |
teg-i |
hiirelõksu |
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
make-
pst
.3
sg
|
mousetrap.
sg
.
gen
|
‘Peeter made a mousetrap.’ |
Finnish
tehdä
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
Locus: TR |
Pekka |
tek-i |
hiirenlouku-n |
pn
.
nom
|
make-
pst
.3
sg
|
mousetrap-
gen
|
‘Pekka made a mousetrap.’ |
Forest Enets
mɛ
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: OBL |
Locus: TR |
modʲi |
kasa-jʔ |
tʃeziu |
mɛ-bi |
i
|
man-
nom
.
sg
.1
sg
|
lasso.
obl
|
make(
pfv
)-
prf
.3
sg
.
s
|
‘My friend made a lasso’. |
German
machen
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Karl |
mach-te |
ein-e |
Mausefalle |
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
make-
pst
.3
sg
|
indf
-
f
.
acc
.
sg
|
mousetrap[
acc
.
sg
]
|
‘Karl made a mousetrap.’ |
Italian
fabbricare
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Leo |
ha |
fabbricato |
un-a |
bomb-a |
pn
(
m
)
|
aux
.3
sg
.
prs
|
make.
pst
.
ptcp
|
indf
.
sg
-
f
|
bomb-
sg
.
f
|
‘Leo made a bomb.’ |
Kazakh
žasa
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Petya |
bomba |
žasa-dï |
pn
|
bomb
|
make-
pst
1.3
sg
|
‘Petya made a bomb.’ |
Kazym Khanty
wԑrti
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
petr-en |
śɔrkan |
wԑr-ǝs |
pn
-
poss
.2
sg
|
trap
|
make-
pst
[3
sg
]
|
‘Petja made a (small rodents) trap.’ |
Latin
facio
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Callicrat-es |
ex |
ebor-e |
formic-as |
fec-it |
pn
(
m
)-
nom
.
sg
|
from
|
ivory(
n
)-
abl
.
sg
|
ant(
f
)-
acc
.
pl
|
make[
prf
.
ind
]-
act
.3
sg
|
‘Callicrates created ants from ivory.’ |
Note: (Plin. NH 7, 88) |
Modern Hebrew
heχin
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Pinχas |
heχin |
malkodet |
aχbar-im |
pn
|
prepare[
pst
.3
sg
.
m
]
|
trap
|
mouse-
pl
|
‘Pinchas made a mousetrap.’ |
Nanai
aŋgo-
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: OBL |
Locus: TR |
Petia |
bomba-wa |
aŋgo-xa-ni |
pn
|
bomb-
obl
|
make-
pst
-
p
.3
sg
|
‘Petia made a bomb.’ |
Nivkh
nəd
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Kaskazik |
bоmba |
+ |
nə-d |
pn
|
bomb
|
+
|
make-
ind
|
‘Kaskazik made a bomb.’ |
Norwegian Bokmål
å lage
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Per |
lage-t |
en |
musefelle |
pn
|
make-
pst
|
indf
.
m
.
sg
|
mousetrap
|
‘Per made a mousetrap.’ |
Polish
skonstruować
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Dariusz |
skonstruowa-ł |
bomb-ę |
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
make:
pfv
-
pst
[
m
.3
sg
]
|
bomb-
acc
.
sg
|
‘Dariusz made a bomb.’ |
Russian
sdelatʹ
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Pet-ja |
izgotovi-l |
myšelovk-u |
pn
(
m
)-
nom
.
sg
|
make(
pfv
)-
pst
[
m
.
sg
]
|
mousetrap(
f
)-
acc
.
sg
|
‘Petja made a mousetrap.’ |
Rutul
hawɨr
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: ERG |
Y: NOM |
Locus: TR |
rasul-a |
bomba |
ha<w>ɨ-r |
pn
-
erg
|
bomb(
nom
)
|
<3>do.
pfv
-
cvb
|
‘Rasul made a bomb.’ |
Serbian
napravio
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Petar |
je |
napravi-o |
bomb-u |
pn
.
nom
.
sg
|
быть.
prs
.3
sg
|
сделать-
part
.
perf
.
m
.
sg
|
бомба-
acc
.
sg
|
‘Петар сделал бомбу.’ |
Shughni
čīdow
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: OBL |
Locus: TR |
Azim=i |
pūrg-anǰavīǰ=ak |
xůbaθ |
čūd |
pn
=3
sg
|
mousetrap=
dim
|
himself
|
do.
pst
|
‘Azim made a mousetrap himself.’ |
Skolt Saami
raajjâd
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Peâtt |
raaj-i |
säʹpplee-äggaz |
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
make-
pst
.3
sg
|
mouse.
sg
.
gen
-trap.
sg
.
acc
|
‘Pete made a mousetrap.’ |
Slovenian
narediti
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Peter |
je |
naredi-l |
bomb-o |
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
aux
.3
sg
|
make:
pfv
-
lpt
[
m
.
sg
]
|
bomb-
acc
.
sg
|
‘Peter made a bomb.’ |
Spanish
fabricar
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Pedro |
ha |
fabrica-do |
una |
bomba |
pn
[
sg
.
m
]
|
aux
.3
sg
|
make-
ptcp
:
prf
|
art
.
ndef
.
sg
.
f
|
bomb[
sg
.
f
]
|
‘Pedro made a bomb.’ |
Swedish
att göra
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Björn |
gjor-de |
en |
musfälla |
pn
|
make-
pst
|
indf
.
c
.
sg
|
mousetrap
|
‘Björn made a mousetrap.’ |
Turkish
yapmak
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Mehmet |
bomba |
yap-tı |
pn
|
bomb
|
make-
pst
|
‘Mehmet made a bomb.’ |
Ulcha
anǯu-
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
əj |
ńī |
bomba-wa |
anǯu-xa-ni |
this
|
person
|
bomb-
acc
|
make-
pst
-3
sg
|
‘This man made a bomb.’ |
Zilo Andi
dʒid.i
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: ERG |
Y: NOM |
Locus: TR |
ali-di |
bomba |
dʒid.i |
pn
-
erg
|
bomb[
inan
1][
nom
]
|
make.
pst
(
aor
)
|
‘Ali made a bomb.’ |