‘make’
| Argument frame: | X (make) Y |
| Stimulus sentence: | P. made a mousetrap . |
| Predicate label Ru: | изготовить |
| Argument frame Ru: | X (изготовить) Y |
| Stimulus sentence Ru: | П. изготовил мышеловку . |
Abaza č’pa
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| rasúl | bómba | j-č’pa-d |
| pn | bomb | 3 sg . m . erg -make( aor )- dcl |
| ‘Rasul made a bomb.’ | ||
Aghul aq’.u-
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| aslan.a | bomba | aq’.u-ne |
| pn ( erg ) | bomb | do. pf - aor |
| ‘Aslan made a bomb.’ | ||
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic +tarəs
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| +Ašur | +turəs-lə | cursa |
| pn | build. pst - ls .3 m | chair( m ) |
| ‘Ashur made a chair.’ | ||
| Note: Non-Urmi speaker. | ||
Brazilian Portuguese construir
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro | constru-iu | um-a | ratoeira |
| pn ( m ) | build-3 sg . pst | indf - f | mousetrap( f ) |
| ‘Pedro made a mousetrap.’ | |||
Catalan fer
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| en | Pere | va | fer | un-a | ratonera |
| def . sg . m | pn ( m ) | go.3 sg . prs . ind | make- inf | indf - sg . f | mousetrap( f ) |
| ‘Pere made a mousetrap.’ | |||||
Czech vyrobit
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petr | vyrobi-l | bomb-u |
| pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] | make( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] | bomb( f )- acc . sg |
| ‘Petr made a bomb.’ | ||
Danish lave
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter | lave-de | en | musefælde |
| pn | make- pst | indf . sg | mousetrap( c ) |
| ‘Peter made a mousetrap.’ | |||
Dutch klaarmaken
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Piet | heeft | een | bom | klaar-ge-maak-t |
| pn (С) | have.3 sg | art . indf | bomb(С) | ready- ptcp -make- ptcp |
| ‘Piet made a bomb.’ | ||||
Estonian tegema
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Peeter | teg-i | hiirelõksu |
| pn . sg . nom | make- pst .3 sg | mousetrap. sg . gen |
| ‘Peeter made a mousetrap.’ | ||
Finnish tehdä
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Pekka | tek-i | hiirenlouku-n |
| pn . nom | make- pst .3 sg | mousetrap- gen |
| ‘Pekka made a mousetrap.’ | ||
Forest Enets mɛ
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| modʲi | kasa-jʔ | tʃeziu | mɛ-bi |
| i | man- nom . sg .1 sg | lasso. obl | make( pfv )- prf .3 sg . s |
| ‘My friend made a lasso’. | |||
German machen
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Karl | mach-te | ein-e | Mausefalle |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | make- pst .3 sg | indf - f . acc . sg | mousetrap[ acc . sg ] |
| ‘Karl made a mousetrap.’ | |||
Italian fabbricare
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Leo | ha | fabbricato | un-a | bomb-a |
| pn ( m ) | aux .3 sg . prs | make. pst . ptcp | indf . sg - f | bomb- sg . f |
| ‘Leo made a bomb.’ | ||||
Kazakh žasa
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petya | bomba | žasa-dï |
| pn | bomb | make- pst 1.3 sg |
| ‘Petya made a bomb.’ | ||
Kazym Khanty wԑrti
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| petr-en | śɔrkan | wԑr-ǝs |
| pn - poss .2 sg | trap | make- pst [3 sg ] |
| ‘Petja made a (small rodents) trap.’ | ||
Latin facio
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Callicrat-es | ex | ebor-e | formic-as | fec-it |
| pn ( m )- nom . sg | from | ivory( n )- abl . sg | ant( f )- acc . pl | make[ prf . ind ]- act .3 sg |
| ‘Callicrates created ants from ivory.’ | ||||
| Note: (Plin. NH 7, 88) | ||||
Modern Hebrew heχin
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pinχas | heχin | malkodet | aχbar-im |
| pn | prepare[ pst .3 sg . m ] | trap | mouse- pl |
| ‘Pinchas made a mousetrap.’ | |||
Nanai aŋgo-
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Petia | bomba-wa | aŋgo-xa-ni |
| pn | bomb- obl | make- pst - p .3 sg |
| ‘Petia made a bomb.’ | ||
Nivkh nəd
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Kaskazik | bоmba | + | nə-d |
| pn | bomb | + | make- ind |
| ‘Kaskazik made a bomb.’ | |||
Norwegian Bokmål å lage
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Per | lage-t | en | musefelle |
| pn | make- pst | indf . m . sg | mousetrap |
| ‘Per made a mousetrap.’ | |||
Polish skonstruować
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Dariusz | skonstruowa-ł | bomb-ę |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | make: pfv - pst [ m .3 sg ] | bomb- acc . sg |
| ‘Dariusz made a bomb.’ | ||
Russian sdelatʹ
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Pet-ja | izgotovi-l | myšelovk-u |
| pn ( m )- nom . sg | make( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] | mousetrap( f )- acc . sg |
| ‘Petja made a mousetrap.’ | ||
Rutul hawɨr
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| rasul-a | bomba | ha<w>ɨ-r |
| pn - erg | bomb( nom ) | <3>do. pfv - cvb |
| ‘Rasul made a bomb.’ | ||
Serbian napravio
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petar | je | napravi-o | bomb-u |
| pn . nom . sg | быть. prs .3 sg | сделать- part . perf . m . sg | бомба- acc . sg |
| ‘Петар сделал бомбу.’ | |||
Shughni čīdow
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Azim=i | pūrg-anǰavīǰ=ak | xůbaθ | čūd |
| pn =3 sg | mousetrap= dim | himself | do. pst |
| ‘Azim made a mousetrap himself.’ | |||
Skolt Saami raajjâd
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peâtt | raaj-i | säʹpplee-äggaz |
| pn . sg . nom | make- pst .3 sg | mouse. sg . gen -trap. sg . acc |
| ‘Pete made a mousetrap.’ | ||
Slovenian narediti
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter | je | naredi-l | bomb-o |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | make: pfv - lpt [ m . sg ] | bomb- acc . sg |
| ‘Peter made a bomb.’ | |||
Spanish fabricar
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro | ha | fabrica-do | una | bomba |
| pn [ sg . m ] | aux .3 sg | make- ptcp : prf | art . ndef . sg . f | bomb[ sg . f ] |
| ‘Pedro made a bomb.’ | ||||
Swedish att göra
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Björn | gjor-de | en | musfälla |
| pn | make- pst | indf . c . sg | mousetrap |
| ‘Björn made a mousetrap.’ | |||
Turkish yapmak
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Mehmet | bomba | yap-tı |
| pn | bomb | make- pst |
| ‘Mehmet made a bomb.’ | ||
Ulcha anǯu-
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| əj | ńī | bomba-wa | anǯu-xa-ni |
| this | person | bomb- acc | make- pst -3 sg |
| ‘This man made a bomb.’ | |||
Zilo Andi dʒid.i
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| ali-di | bomba | dʒid.i |
| pn - erg | bomb[ inan 1][ nom ] | make. pst ( aor ) |
| ‘Ali made a bomb.’ | ||