‘listen’
Argument frame: |
X
(listen) to
Y
|
Stimulus sentence: |
(What is P. doing?)
P.
is listening to
radio
.
|
Predicate label Ru: |
слушать
|
Argument frame Ru: |
X
(слушать)
Y
|
Stimulus sentence Ru: |
(Что делает П._x?)
П.
слушает
радио
.
|
Abaza
[z-]ʒərʕʷ
Valency pattern:
ABS_BEN
|
X: ABS |
Y: BEN |
Locus: Y |
zaréma |
rádia |
d-a-z-ʒərʕʷ-ə́j-d |
pn
|
radio
|
3
sg
.
h
.
abs
-3
sg
.
n
.
io
-
ben
-listen-
prs
-
dcl
|
‘Zarema is listening to radio.’ |
Aghul
ubur qix.i-
Valency pattern:
ERG_POST
|
X: ERG |
Y: POST |
Locus: Y |
aslan.a |
radi-q |
ubur |
qix.i-naa |
pn
(
erg
)
|
radi-
post
|
ear
|
{
post
}put.
pf
-
prf
|
‘Aslan is listening to radio.’ |
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
+šammə
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
brat-i |
+bəšmay=əla |
praskala |
girl(
f
)-
p
.1
sg
|
hear.
prog
=3
f
|
radio(?)
|
‘My daughter is listening to radio.’ |
Brazilian Portuguese
escutar
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Pedro |
escut-a |
o |
rádio |
pn
(
m
)
|
listen-3
sg
.
prs
|
def
.
m
|
radio(
m
)
|
‘Pedro is listening to the radio.’ |
Catalan
escoltar
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
en |
Pere |
està |
escolt-ant |
la |
ràdio |
def
.
sg
.
m
|
pn
(
m
)
|
be.3
sg
.
prs
.
ind
|
listen-
ger
|
def
.
sg
.
f
|
radio(
f
)
|
‘Pere is listening to radio.’ |
Czech
poslouchat
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Petr |
poslouchá |
rádi-o |
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
listen(
ipfv
).
prs
.3
sg
|
radio(
n
)-
acc
.
sg
|
‘Petr is listening to radio.’ |
Danish
lytte
Valency pattern:
SBJ_til
|
X: SBJ |
Y: til |
Locus: Y |
Peter |
lytte-r |
til |
radio-en |
pn
|
listen-
prs
|
to
|
radio(
c
)-
def
.
sg
|
‘Peter is listening to the radio.’ |
Dutch
luisteren
Valency pattern:
SBJ_naar
|
X: SBJ |
Y: naar |
Locus: Y |
Piet |
luister-t |
naar |
de |
radio |
pn
(
c
)
|
listen-3
sg
|
on
|
art
.
def
.С
|
radio(
c
)
|
‘Piet is listening to the radio.’ |
Estonian
kuulama
Valency pattern:
NOM_PART
|
X: NOM |
Y: PART |
Locus: Y |
Peeter |
kuula-b |
raadio-t |
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
listen-
prs
.3
sg
|
radio-
sg
.
part
|
‘Peeter is listening to the radio.’ |
Finnish
kuunnella
Valency pattern:
NOM_PART
|
X: NOM |
Y: PART |
Locus: Y |
Pekka |
kuuntel-ee |
radio-ta |
pn
.
nom
|
listen-
prs
.3
sg
|
radio-
part
|
‘Pekka is listening to radio.’ |
Forest Enets
dʲuzire
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: OBL |
Locus: TR |
modʲi |
kasa-jʔ |
spidola-da |
dʲuzire |
i
|
man-
nom
.
sg
.1
sg
|
portable_radioset-
obl
.
sg
.3
sg
|
listen(
ipfv
).3
sg
.
s
|
‘My friend is listening to radio’. |
German
hören
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Karl |
hör-t |
Radio |
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
listen-
prs
.3
sg
|
radio[
acc
.
sg
]
|
‘Karl is listening to the radio.’ |
Italian
ascoltare
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Leo |
ascolt-a |
la |
radio |
pn
(
m
)
|
listen-3
sg
.
prs
|
def
.
sg
.
f
|
radio.
sg
.
f
|
‘Leo is listening to the radio.’ |
Kazakh
tïnda
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Petya |
radiyo |
tïnda-p |
otïr |
pn
|
radio
|
listen-
cvb
|
sit.3
sg
|
‘Petya is listening to the radio.’ |
Kazym Khanty
χǫλǝntti
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
pet’a-j-en |
ar |
χǫλǝnt-ǝλ |
pn
-
ep
-
poss
.2
sg
|
song
|
listen-
npst
[3
sg
]
|
‘Petja is listening a song.’ |
Latin
audio
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
ut |
audi-re-m |
Laber-i |
et |
Publil-i |
poemat-a |
conj
|
listen-
ipfv
.
sbjv
-
act
.1
sg
|
pn
(
m
)-
gen
.
sg
|
and
|
pn
(
m
)-
gen
.
sg
|
poem(
n
)-
acc
.
pl
|
‘... that I listened the poems of Laberius and Publius.’ |
Note: (Cic. Ep. ad Fam. 12, 18) |
Modern Hebrew
makʃiv
Valency pattern:
SBJ_le
|
X: SBJ |
Y: le |
Locus: Y |
Pinχas |
makʃiv |
le |
radio |
pn
|
listen[
ptcp
.
sg
.
m
]
|
to
|
radio
|
‘Pinchas is listening to radio.’ |
Nanai
dosiǯa-
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: OBL |
Locus: TR |
Petia |
radio-wa |
doseǯa-j-ni |
pn
|
radio-
obl
|
listen-
npst
-
p
.3
sg
|
‘Petia is listening to radio.’ |
Nivkh
məd
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Kaskazik |
radiо |
+ |
mə-d |
pn
|
radio
|
+
|
listen-
ind
|
‘Kaskazik is listening to radio.’ |
Norwegian Bokmål
å lytte
Valency pattern:
SBJ_til
|
X: SBJ |
Y: til |
Locus: Y |
Per |
lytte-r |
til |
radio-en |
pn
|
listen-
prs
|
to
|
radio-
def
.
m
.
sg
|
‘Per is listening to radio.’ |
Polish
słuchać
Valency pattern:
NOM_GEN
|
X: NOM |
Y: GEN |
Locus: Y |
Ann-a |
słucha |
radi-a |
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
listen:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
radio-
gen
.
sg
|
‘Anna is listening to radio.’ |
Russian
slušatʹ
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Pet-ja |
sluša-et |
radio |
pn
(
m
)-
nom
.
sg
|
listen(
ipfv
)-
prs
.3
sg
|
radio(
n
)[
acc
.
sg
]
|
‘Petja is listening to radio.’ |
Rutul
ubɨr qassara
Valency pattern:
ERG_SUB
|
X: ERG |
Y: SUB |
Locus: Y |
islam-a |
ubɨr |
q-assa-r=a |
radio-je-χda |
pn
-
erg
|
ear
|
pv
-4.listen.
ipfv
-
cvb
=be
|
radio-
obl
-
sub
|
‘Islam is listening to radio.’ |
Serbian
sluša
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Petar |
sluša |
radio |
pn
.
nom
.
sg
|
слушать.
prs
.3
sg
|
радио.
acc
.
sg
|
‘Петар слушает радио.’ |
Shughni
niɣix̌tow
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: OBL |
Locus: TR |
Lola |
radio |
niɣůɣ̌-d |
pn
|
radio
|
listen-3
sg
|
‘Lola is listening to radio.’ |
Skolt Saami
kuvddled
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Peâtt |
lij |
kuvddle-men |
radia |
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
be.
prs
.3
sg
|
listen-
prog
.
ptcp
|
radio.
sg
.
acc
|
‘Pete is listening to radio.’ |
Slovenian
poslušati
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
An-a |
posluša |
radi-o |
pn
-
nom
.
sg
|
listen:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
radio-
acc
.
sg
|
‘Ana is listening to radio.’ |
Spanish
escuchar
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Pedro |
escuch-a |
la |
radio |
pn
[
sg
.
m
]
|
listen-
prs
.3
sg
|
art
.
def
.
sg
.
f
|
radio[
sg
.
f
]
|
‘Pedro is listening to the radio.’ |
Swedish
att lyssna
Valency pattern:
SBJ_pa
|
X: SBJ |
Y: pa |
Locus: Y |
Björn |
lyssna-r |
på |
radio |
pn
|
listen-
prs
|
on
|
radio
|
‘Björn is listening to the radio.’ |
Turkish
dinlemek
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Mehmet |
radyo-yı |
dinli-yor |
pn
|
radio-
acc
|
listen-
prs
|
‘Mehmet is listening to the radio.’ |
Ulcha
dosoǯi-
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
ama |
raǯio |
dosoǯ-i-ni |
father
|
radio
|
listen-
prs
-3
sg
|
‘Father is listening to radio.’ |
Zilo Andi
antʃː.i-r
Valency pattern:
NOM_SUPER.LAT
|
X: NOM |
Y: SUPER.LAT |
Locus: Y |
pat’imat |
radiul-ʔo |
antʃː.i-r |
pn
[
f
][
nom
]
|
radio-
super
.
lat
|
listen.
pst
-
prog
|
‘Patimat is listening to the radio.’ |