BivalTyp

Лаборатория типологического изучения языков    Институт лингвистических исследований РАН

‘like’

Argument frame: X (like) Y
Stimulus sentence: P. likes this shirt .
Predicate label Ru: нравиться
Argument frame Ru: X -у (нравиться) Y
Stimulus sentence Ru: П. нравится эта рубашка .

Abaza gʷapχa

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: ABS
Locus: TR
murád arə́j as j-gʷapχ-ə́j-d
pn prox def +shirt 3 sg . m . erg -like- prs - dcl
‘Murad likes this shirt.’

Aghul begemiš-tːi + ‘be’

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
aslan.a-s me berʜem begemiš-tːi a
pn - dat demm shirt <like>- adv { in }be: prs
‘Aslan likes this shirt.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic xoš atə

Valency pattern: BARE_men
X: BARE
Y: men
Locus: XY
+Ašur xoš-u bitay=əla mən d-a +sudra
pn happiness( f )- p .3 m come. prog =3 f from obl - dem 1. sg shirt( f )
‘Ashur likes this shirt.’

Brazilian Portuguese gostar

Valency pattern: SBJ_de
X: SBJ
Y: de
Locus: Y
Pedro gost-a dess-a camisa
pn ( m ) like-3 sg . prs of+ dem . med - f shirt( f )
‘Pedro likes this shirt.’

Catalan agradar

Valency pattern: DAT_SBJ
X: DAT
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
al Pere li agrad-a aquesta samarreta
to. def . sg . m pn ( m ) 3 sg . dat like-3 sg . prs . ind this. sg - f shirt( f )
‘Pere likes this shirt.’

Czech líbit se

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Petr-ovi se líbí ta košil-e
pn ( m )- dat . sg refl . acc like( ipfv ). prs .3 sg this. f . nom . sg shirt( f )- nom . sg
‘Petr likes this shirt.’

Danish kunne lide

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Peter kan godt lide de-n skjorte
pn can. prs well like. inf dem - c . sg shirt( c )
‘Peter likes this shirt.’

Dutch mooi vinden

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Piet vind-t het hemd mooi
pn ( c ) find-3 sg art . def . n shirt( n ) beautiful
‘Piet likes the shirt.’
Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate.

Estonian meeldima

Valency pattern: ALL_NOM
X: ALL
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Peetri-le meeldi-b see särk
pn - all appeal_to- prs .3 sg dem shirt. sg . nom
‘Peeter likes this shirt.’

Finnish pitää

Valency pattern: NOM_ELA
X: NOM
Y: ELA
Locus: Y
Pekka pit-ää tä-stä paida-sta
pn . nom like- prs .3 sg this- ela shirt- ela
‘Pekka likes this shirt.’

Forest Enets kɔmita

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
modʲi kasa-jʔ tʃike lubaxa kɔmita-za
i man- nom . sg .1 sg this cloth like( ipfv )-3 sg . so sg
‘My friend likes this shirt’.

German gefallen

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Karl gefäll-t das Hemd
pn [ dat . sg ] please- prs .3 sg def . n . nom . sg shirt[ nom . sg ]
‘Karl likes this shirt.’

Italian piacere

Valency pattern: a_SBJ
X: a
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
a Leo piac-e quest-a camici-a
to pn ( m ) like-3 sg . prs this- sg . f shirt- sg . f
‘Leo likes this shirt.’

Kazakh una

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Petya-ɣa bul žeyde una-ydï
pn - dat this shirt like- prs 2.3 sg
‘Petya likes this shirt.’

Kazym Khanty mǫstǝti

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Pet’a-j-en-a mǫst-əλ śi jɛrnas-λ
pn - ep - poss .2 sg - dat like- npst [3 sg ] foc shirt- poss .3 sg
‘Petja likes this shirt.’

Latin placeo

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
non place-t mi cen-a quae bil-em move-t
not like[ prs . ind ]- act .3 sg i . dat dinner( f )- nom . sg which. nom . sg . f bile( f )- acc . sg move[ prs . ind ]- act .3 sg
‘I don't like a dinner which moves the bile.’
Note: (Pl. Bac. 537)

Modern Hebrew ohev

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ohev et ha χultsa ha z-o
pn love[ ptcp . sg . m ] do def shirt def this[ sg ]- f
‘Pinchas likes this shirt.’

Nanai ulə-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
Petia əj tətuə-wə ulə.si-ni
pn this garment- obl love. ipfv . npst - p .3 sg
‘Petia likes this shirt.’

Nivkh maʁod

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Kaskazik tu + lar̥q + maʁo-d
pn dem . prox + shirt + like- ind
‘Kaskazik likes this shirt.’

Norwegian Bokmål å like

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Per like-r den skjort-a
pn like- prs det . f . sg shirt- def . f . sg
‘Per likes this shirt.’

Polish podobać się

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Feliks-owi podoba się ta koszul-a
pn - dat . sg like: ipfv . prs .3 sg refl this. f . nom . sg shirt- nom . sg
‘Feliks likes this shirt.’

Russian nravitʹsja

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Pet-e nrav-it-sja èt-a rubašk-a
pn ( m )- dat . sg please( ipfv )- prs .3 sg - refl this- f . nom . sg shirt( f )- nom . sg
‘Petja likes this shirt.’

Rutul q’abɨl wuruɁura

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
rasul-u-s q’abɨl wu-ruɁu-r=a mi uχun
pn - obl - dat like 3-become. ipfv - cvb =be this shirt( nom )
‘Rasul likes this shirt.’

Serbian sviča se

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Petr-u se sviđa ta košulj-a
pn - dat . sg refl нравиться. prs .3 sg этот. nom . sg . f рубашка- nom . sg
‘Петру нравится эта рубашка.’

Shughni xuš vidow

Valency pattern: LAT_NOM
X: LAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Azim-ard ik-am kurtā xuš
pn - lat em - d 1. sg shirt pleasant
‘Azim likes this shirt.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate. In this example, the verb 'to be' is non-overt.

Skolt Saami tuʹǩǩeed

Valency pattern: NOM_LOC
X: NOM
Y: LOC
Locus: Y
Peâtt tuʹǩǩad tän pääiʹdest
pn . sg . nom like. prs .3 sg prox . sg . gen shirt. sg . loc
‘Pete likes this shirt.’

Slovenian biti všeč

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Petr-u je všeč ta srajc-a
pn - dat . sg be. prs .3 sg pleasant this. nom . sg . f shirt- nom . sg
‘Peter likes this shirt.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Spanish gustar

Valency pattern: NDIR.OBJ_SBJ
X: NDIR.OBJ
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
a Pedro le gust-a est-a camisa
ndir . obj pn [ sg . m ] he. ndir . obj like- prs .3 sg this- f shirt[ sg . f ]
‘Pedro likes this shirt.’

Swedish att gilla

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Björn gilla-r den här tröja-n
pn like- prs def . c . sg this. c . sg here shirt- def . c . sg
‘Björn likes this shirt.’

Turkish beğenmek

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Mehmet bu gömleğ-i beğen-iyor
pn this shirt- acc like- prs
‘Mehmet likes this shirt.’

Ulcha uləsi-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
əktə piktə dāda-ŋgu-ni tətu-wə-ni uləs-i-ni
female child grandmother- poss -3 sg garment- acc -3 sg love- prs -3 sg
‘The girl likes her grandma’s gown.’

Zilo Andi dʒiʔ.i-j

Valency pattern: AFF_NOM
X: AFF
Y: NOM
Locus: X
pat’imati-<r>o dʒiʔ.i-j ɡurdo
pn - aff < inan 2> like. pst - pf shirt[ inan 2][ nom ]
‘Patimat likes [this] shirt.’