‘leave’
| Argument frame: | X (leave) Y |
| Stimulus sentence: | P. left his native city . |
| Predicate label Ru: | покидать |
| Argument frame Ru: | X (покидать) Y (-а) |
| Stimulus sentence Ru: | П. покинул родной город . |
Abaza [t-]c̣ə
| Valency pattern: ABS_LOCte |
| X: ABS |
| Y: LOCte |
| Locus: Y |
| rasúl | á-q̇ala | d-tə-c̣-d |
| pn | def -city | 3 sg . h . abs - loc -pass( aor )- dcl |
| ‘Rasul left his native city.’ | ||
Aghul at.u-
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| aslan.a | uč.i-n | ruχ.u | šahar | at.u-ne |
| pn ( erg ) | self- gen | be.born. pf | town | leave. pf - aor |
| ‘Aslan left his native city.’ | ||||
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic azəl
| Valency pattern: SBJ_men |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: men |
| Locus: Y |
| +Ašur | xəš-lə | mən | mat=ət | gan-u |
| pn | go. pst - ls .3 m | from | village( f )= rel | refl ( f )- p .3 m |
| ‘Ashur left his native village.’ | ||||
Brazilian Portuguese abandonar
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro | abandon-ou | sua | cidade | natal |
| pn ( m ) | leave-3 sg . pst | poss .3. f | city( f ) | native |
| ‘Pedro left his native city.’ | ||||
Catalan deixar
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| en | Pere | va | deix-ar | la | seva | ciutat | nativ-a |
| def . sg . m | pn ( m ) | go.3 sg . prs . ind | leave- inf | def . sg . f | poss .3. f . sg | city( f ) | native- f . sg |
| ‘Pere left his native city.’ | |||||||
Czech opustit
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petr | opusti-l | rodn-é | měst-o |
| pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] | leave( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] | native- n . acc . sg | city( n )- acc . sg |
| ‘Petr left his home town.’ | |||
Danish forlade
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter | forlod | sin | hjemby |
| pn | leave. pst | poss . refl . c . sg | hometown( c ) |
| ‘Peter left his native city.’ | |||
Dutch verlaten
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Piet | heeft | zijn | geboortestad | verlaten |
| pn ( c ) | have.3 sg | poss . c .3 sg | hometown( c ) | leave. ptcp |
| ‘Piet left his hometown.’ | ||||
Estonian lahkuma
| Valency pattern: NOM_ELA |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ELA |
| Locus: Y |
| Peeter | lahku-s | oma | sünnilinna-st |
| pn . sg . nom | leave- pst .3 sg | poss . refl | birth_city- ela |
| ‘Peeter left his native city.’ | |||
Finnish lähteä
| Valency pattern: NOM_ELA |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ELA |
| Locus: Y |
| Pekka | läht-i | koti-kaupungi-sta-an |
| pn . nom | leave- pst .3 sg | home-city- ela - poss .3 sg |
| ‘Pekka left his native city.’ | ||
Forest Enets kaji
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| modʲi | kasa-jʔ | sɔja-j-da | dʲa-da | kaji-za |
| i | man- nom . sg .1 sg | be_born( pfv )- ptcp . ant - obl . sg .3 sg | place- obl . sg .3 sg | leave_behind( pfv )-3 sg . so sg |
| ‘My friend left his native land’. | ||||
German verlassen
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Karl | verließ | sein-e | Heimatstadt |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | leave. pst .3 sg | his- f . acc . sg | hometown[ acc . sg ] |
| ‘Karl left his hometown.’ | |||
Italian lasciare
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Leo | ha | lasciato | la | su-a | città | natal-e |
| pn ( m ) | aux .3 sg . prs | leave. pst . ptcp | def . sg . f | poss .3 sg - sg . f | city. sg . f | native- sg . f |
| ‘Leo left his native city.’ | ||||||
Kazakh ket
| Valency pattern: NOM_ABL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ABL |
| Locus: Y |
| Petya | tuwɣan | qala-sï-nan | ket-tі |
| pn | home | town- poss 3- abl | leave- pst 1.3 sg |
| ‘Petya left his hometown.’ | |||
Kazym Khanty χǎjti
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| pet’a-j-en | rǫt | wɔš-ǝλ | χǎj-s-ǝλλe |
| pn - ep - poss .2 sg | native | town- poss .3 sg | leave- pst -3 sg . so |
| ‘Petja left his native city.’ | |||
Latin linquo
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| liqu-it | Agenorid-es | Sidoni-a | moeni-a | Cadm-us |
| leave[ prf . ind ]- act .3 sg | pn ( m )- nom . sg | s idon’s- acc . pl . n | wall( n )- acc . pl | pn ( m )- nom . sg |
| ‘Cadmus Agenorides left the fort of Sidon.’ | ||||
| Note: (Ov. Ep. Ex Ponto. I, 3, 77) | ||||
Modern Hebrew azav
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pinχas | azav | et | ir | uledat-o |
| pn | leave[ pst .3 sg . m ] | do | city | birth- poss .3 sg . m |
| ‘Pinchas left his native city.’ | ||||
Nanai ənu-
| Valency pattern: NOM_ABL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ABL |
| Locus: Y |
| Petia | mənə | xoto-nǯeaǯe-i | ənu-xə-ni |
| pn | refl | town- abl - p . refl . sg | leave- pst - p .3 sg |
| ‘Petia left his native city.’ | |||
Nivkh vəkzd
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Kaskazik | pʰ-vо | + | pəkz-d |
| pn | rfl -village | + | lose- ind |
| ‘Kaskazik left his native village.’ | |||
Norwegian Bokmål å forlate
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Per | forlot | hjemby-en |
| pn | leave. pst | home_town- def . m . sg |
| ‘Per left his hometown.’ | ||
Polish opuścić
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Staszek | opuści-ł | rodzim-e | miast-o |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | leave: pfv - pst [ m .3 sg ] | native- n . acc . sg | town- acc . sg |
| ‘Staszek left his native city.’ | |||
Russian uexatʹ
| Valency pattern: NOM_izGEN |
| X: NOM |
| Y: izGEN |
| Locus: Y |
| Pet-ja | uexa-l | iz | rodn-ogo | gorod-a |
| pn ( m )- nom . sg | go_away( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] | from | native- m . gen . sg | city( m )- gen . sg |
| ‘Petja left his native city.’ | ||||
Rutul qaˁrhɨˁr
| Valency pattern: NOM_IN.EL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: IN.EL |
| Locus: Y |
| rasul | ǯu-dɨ | šeher-dʲ-a: | q-aˁ<r>hɨˁ-r |
| pn ( nom ) | self. obl - attr | city- obl - in . el | re -<1>leave. pfv - cvb |
| ‘Rasul left his native city.’ | |||
Serbian napustio
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petar | je | napusti-o | rodn-i | grad |
| pn . nom . sg | быть. prs .3 sg | покинуть- part . perf .М. sg | родной- acc . sg . m | город. acc . sg |
| ‘Петар покинул родной город.’ | ||||
Shughni tark čīdow
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Azim=i | xu | x̌ār | tark | čūd |
| pn =3 sg | refl | city | leave | do. pst |
| ‘Azim left his native city.’ | ||||
Skolt Saami vueʹlǧǧed meädda
| Valency pattern: NOM_LOC |
| X: NOM |
| Y: LOC |
| Locus: Y |
| Peâtt | vuõʹlj-i | meädda | suu | šõdd-âm-siid-âst |
| pn . sg . nom | leave- pst .3 sg | away | 3 sg . gen | born- pst . ptcp -village- sg . loc |
| ‘Pete left his native village.’ | ||||
Slovenian zapustiti
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter | je | zapusti-l | rojstn-o | mest-o |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | leave: pfv - lpt [ m . sg ] | native- acc . sg . n | city- acc . sg |
| ‘Peter left his native city.’ | ||||
Spanish abandonar
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro | ha | abandona-do | su | ciudad | natal |
| pn [ sg . m ] | aux .3 sg | leave- ptcp : prf | one’s[ sg . f ] | town[ sg . f ] | native[ sg . f ] |
| ‘Pedro left his native city.’ | |||||
Swedish att lämna
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Björn | lämna-de | sin | hemstad |
| pn | leave- pst | poss . refl . c . sg | home_town |
| ‘Björn left his hometown.’ | |||
Turkish ayrılmak
| Valency pattern: NOM_ABL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ABL |
| Locus: Y |
| Mehmet | memleket-i-nden | ayrıl-dı |
| pn | hometown- p .3- abl | leave- pst |
| ‘Mehmet left his hometown.’ | ||
Ulcha ŋənu-
| Valency pattern: NOM_INS |
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| min | ag-bi | əj | gasan-ǯi | čup | ŋənu-xə-ni |
| my | elder_brother-1 sg | this | village- ins | forever | go_away- pst -3 sg |
| ‘My elder brother left this village for good.’ | |||||
Zilo Andi <w>-uʔ.onn-ij
| Valency pattern: NOM_SUPER.EL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: SUPER.EL |
| Locus: Y |
| ali | w-uʔ.onn-ij | hon-ʔa-kːu |
| pn [ m ][ nom ] | m -go. pst - pf | village- super - el |
| ‘Ali left the village.’ | ||