‘hear’
| Argument frame: | X (hear) Y |
| Stimulus sentence: | P. hears the music . |
| Predicate label Ru: | слышать |
| Argument frame Ru: | X (слышать) Y |
| Stimulus sentence Ru: | П. слышит музыку . |
Abaza ʕa
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| fatíjma | múzəka | l-ʕ-əj-d |
| pn | music | 3 sg . f . erg -hear- prs - dcl |
| ‘Fatima hears the music.’ | ||
Aghul un-x.a-
| Valency pattern: DAT_ABS |
| X: DAT |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: X |
| aslan.a-s | muq’am-ar | un-x.a-a |
| pn - dat | tune- pl | sound-become. ipf - prs |
| ‘Aslan hears the music.’ | ||
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic +šammə
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| +xor-i | +bəšmay=əl | zmarta |
| friend( m )- p .1 sg | hear. prog =3 m | song( f ) |
| ‘My friend hears the song.’ | ||
Brazilian Portuguese ouvir
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro | ouv-e | música |
| pn ( m ) | hear-3 sg . prs | music( f ) |
| ‘Pedro hears the music.’ | ||
Catalan escoltar
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| en | Pere | escolt-a | música |
| def . sg . m | pn ( m ) | hear-3 sg . prs . ind | music( f ) |
| ‘Pere hears the music.’ | |||
Czech slyšet
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petr | slyší | hudb-u |
| pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] | hear( ipfv ). prs .3 sg | music( f )- acc . sg |
| ‘Petr hears the music.’ | ||
Danish høre
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter | høre-r | musikk-en |
| pn | hear- prs | music( c )- def . sg |
| ‘Peter hears the music.’ | ||
Dutch horen
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Piet | hoor-t | muziek |
| pn ( c ) | hear-3 sg | music( c ) |
| ‘Piet hears the music.’ | ||
Estonian kuulma
| Valency pattern: NOM_PART |
| X: NOM |
| Y: PART |
| Locus: Y |
| Peeter | kuule-b | muusika-t |
| pn . sg . nom | hear- prs .3 sg | music- sg . part |
| ‘Peeter hears the music.’ | ||
Finnish kuulla
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Pekka | kuul-ee | musiiki-n |
| pn . nom | hear- prs .3 sg | music- gen |
| ‘Pekka hears the music.’ | ||
Forest Enets nɔdos
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| modʲi | kasa-jʔ | entʃeu | soo-ʔ | nɔdoʔɔ |
| i | man- nom . sg .1 sg | person. obl | throat- pl | hear( ipfv ).3 sg . s |
| ‘My friend hears human voices’. | ||||
German hören
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Karl | hör-t | Musik |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | hear- prs .3 sg | music[ acc . sg ] |
| ‘Karl hears the music.’ | ||
Italian sentire
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Leo | sent-e | la | music-a |
| pn ( m ) | hear-3 sg . prs | def . sg . f | music- sg . f |
| ‘Leo hears the music.’ | |||
Kazakh est
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petya | muwzïka-nï | est-іp | tur |
| pn | music- acc | hear- cvb | stand.3 sg |
| ‘Petya hears the music.’ | |||
Kazym Khanty χǫλti
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| pet’a-j-en | amp | χǒrtǝpsi | χǫλ |
| pn - ep - poss .2 sg | dog | barking | hear. npst [3 sg ] |
| ‘Petja hears the barking.’ | |||
Latin audio
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| audi-a-t | optat-os | semper | amic-a | son-os |
| hear- prs . sbjv - act .3 sg | desired- acc . pl . m | always | girlfriend( f )- nom . sg | sound( m )- acc . pl |
| ‘Let the girlfriend always hear desired sounds.’ | ||||
| Note: (Ov. Ars Amatoria. II, 156) | ||||
Modern Hebrew shomea
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pinχas | shomea | et | ha | muzika |
| pn | hear[ ptcp . sg . m ] | do | def | music |
| ‘Pinchas hears the music.’ | ||||
Nanai dolǯ-
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Petia | muzəka-wə | dolǯi-ni |
| pn | music- obl | hear. npst - p .3 sg |
| ‘Petia hears the music.’ | ||
Nivkh məd
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Kaskazik | lu | + | mə-d |
| pn | song | + | listen- ind |
| ‘Kaskazik hears the song.’ | |||
Norwegian Bokmål å høre
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Per | høre-r | musikk |
| pn | hear- prs | music |
| ‘Per hears the music.’ | ||
Polish słyszeć
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Ann-a | słyszy | muzyk-ę |
| pn - nom . sg | hear: ipfv . prs .3 sg | music- acc . sg |
| ‘Anna hears the music.’ | ||
Russian slyšatʹ
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Pet-ja | slyš-it | muzyk-u |
| pn ( m )- nom . sg | hear( ipfv )- prs .3 sg | music( f )- acc . sg |
| ‘Petja hears the music.’ | ||
Rutul ses ruɁur
| Valency pattern: DAT_ATTR |
| X: DAT |
| Y: ATTR |
| Locus: XY |
| rasul-u-s | maˁʔnij-mɨ-d | ses | ruɁu-r |
| pn - obl - dat | song- pl . obl - attr | sound( nom ) | 4.go. ipfv - cvb |
| ‘Rasul hears the music.’ | |||
Serbian čuje
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petar | čuje | muzik-u |
| pn . nom . sg | слышать. prs .3 sg | музыка- acc . sg |
| ‘Петар слышит музыку.’ | ||
Shughni x̌īdow
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Azim | soz | x̌īn-t |
| pn | song | hear-3 sg |
| ‘Azim hears the music.’ | ||
Skolt Saami kuullâd
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peâtt | kooll | musiikk |
| pn . sg . nom | hear. prs .3 sg | music. sg . acc |
| ‘Pete hears the music.’ | ||
Slovenian slišati
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| An-a | sliši | glasb-o |
| pn - nom . sg | hear: ipfv . prs .3 sg | music- acc . sg |
| ‘Ana hears the music.’ | ||
Spanish oír
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro | oy-e | la | música |
| pn [ sg . m ] | hear- prs .3 sg | art . def . sg . f | music[ sg . f ] |
| ‘Pedro hears the music.’ | |||
Swedish att höra
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Björn | hör | musik-en |
| pn | hear. prs | music- def . c . sg |
| ‘Björn hears the music.’ | ||
Turkish duymak
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Mehmet | müziğ-i | duy-uyor |
| pn | music- acc | hear- prs |
| ‘Mehmet hears the music.’ | ||
Ulcha doldi-
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| ama | min | jaja-wa-je | dold-i-ni |
| father | my | song- acc -1 sg | hear- prs -3 sg |
| ‘Father hears my song.’ | |||
Zilo Andi anɬ.i-r
| Valency pattern: AFF_NOM |
| X: AFF |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| ali-<b>o | anɬ.i-r | ketʃ’ibaqχ’an |
| pn - aff < inan 1> | hear. pst - prog | song+melody[ inan 1][ nom ] |
| ‘Ali hears the music.’ | ||