BivalTyp

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‘have a quarrel’

Argument frame:

X (have a quarrel) with Y

Stimulus sentence:

P. had a quarrel with M .

Predicate label Ru:

ссориться

Argument frame Ru:

X (ссориться) с кем Y

Stimulus sentence Ru:

П. поссорился с М .

Abaza aj.s

Valency pattern: ABS_IO

X: ABS

Y: IO

Locus: Y

w-ʕa-s-m-áj.sə-n

2 sg . m . abs - cisl -1 sg . io - neg -swear- neg . imp

‘Don’t (have a) quarrel with me!’

Adyghe fe-gʷəbžə

Valency pattern: ABS_BEN

X: ABS

Y: BEN

Locus: Y

dirjekterə-r	č̣ʼelejeʁaǯʼe-m	fe-gʷəbžə-ʁ
директор- abs	учитель- obl	ben -сердиться- pst
‘Директор поссорился с учителем.’

Aghul qel aq’.u-

Valency pattern: ERG_COM

X: ERG

Y: COM

Locus: Y

aslan.a	meʜemed.i-qaj	qel	aq’.u-ne
pn ( erg )	pn - com	resentment	do. pf - aor
‘Aslan had a quarrel with Muhammad.’

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic +makrəs

Valency pattern: SBJ_men

X: SBJ

Y: men

Locus: Y

naša	+mukrəss=əl	mən	baxt-u
person( m )	quarrel. res . m =3 m	from	woman( f )- p .3 m
‘This man had a quarrel with his wife.’
Note: Some speakers use preposition am.

Bambara kɛ̀lɛ

Valency pattern: NA

X: *

Y: *

Locus: *

Sékù	ni	Fántà	kɛ̀lɛ-la
pn	and	pn	quarrel- pfv . intr
‘Seku and Fanta quarrelled.’
Note: Not included in the database because X and Y are expressed as a coordinate NP.

Brazilian Portuguese discutir

Valency pattern: SBJ_com

X: SBJ

Y: com

Locus: Y

Pedro	discut-iu	com	Maria
pn ( m )	argue-3 sg . pst	with	pn ( f )
‘Pedro had a quarrel with Maria.’

Catalan tenir una baralla

Valency pattern: SBJ_amb

X: SBJ

Y: amb

Locus: Y

en	Pere	va	ten-ir	un-a	barall-a	amb	la	Maria
def . sg . m	pn ( m )	go.3 sg . prs . ind	have- inf	indf - sg . f	quarrel-( f )	with	def . sg . f	pn ( f )
‘Pere had a quarrel with Maria.’

Czech pohádat se

Valency pattern: NOM_sINS

X: NOM

Y: sINS

Locus: Y

Petr	se	poháda-l	s	Michal-em
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ]	refl . acc	have_a_quarrel( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]	with	pn ( m )- ins . sg
‘Petr had a quarrel with Michal.’

Danish have et skænderi

Valency pattern: SBJ_med

X: SBJ

Y: med

Locus: Y

Peter	hav-de	et	skænderi	med	Marie
pn	have- pst	indf . sg	quarrel( n )	with	pn
‘Peter had a quarrel with Marie.’

Dutch ruzie hebben

Valency pattern: SBJ_met

X: SBJ

Y: met

Locus: Y

Piet	had	ruzie	met	Marie
pn ( c )	have. pst .3 sg	quarrel( c )	with	pn ( c )
‘Piet had a quarrel with Marie.’

Eastern Maninka fɔ́ ɲɔ́ɔn kɔ́

Valency pattern: NA

X: *

Y: *

Locus: *

Sékù	ní	Fántà	bára	fɔ́	ɲɔ́ɔn	kɔ́.
pn	and	pn	prf	miss	recp	behind
‘Seku and Fanta have quarelled.’
Note: Not included in the database because X and Y are expressed as a coordinate NP.

English have quarrel

Valency pattern: SBJ_with

X: SBJ

Y: with

Locus: Y

Peter	had	a	quarrel	with	Mary.

Estonian riidu minema

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

Peeter	läks	Mareti-ga	riidu
pn . sg . nom	go. pst .3 sg	pn - com	quarrel. sg . ill
‘Peeter got into a quarrel with Maret.’

Finnish riidellä

Valency pattern: NOM_GENkanssa

X: NOM

Y: GENkanssa

Locus: Y

Pekka	riitel-i	Mati-n	kanssa
pn . nom	have.a.quarrel- pst .3 sg	pn - gen	with
‘Pekka had a quarrel with Matti.’

Forest Enets kauzur

Valency pattern: NOM_LOC

X: NOM

Y: LOC

Locus: Y

modʲi	kasa-jʔ	nɛ-xone-da	kauzu-bi
i	man- nom . sg .1 sg	woman- loc . sg - obl . sg .3 sg	abuse( ipfv )- prf .3 sg . s
‘My friend had a quarrel with his wife’.

French se disputer

Valency pattern: SBJ_avec

X: SBJ

Y: avec

Locus: Y

Paul	s’	est	disputé	avec	Marie
pn ( m )	refl	be. prs .3 sg	argue. pst . ptcp . m	with	pn ( f )
‘Paul had an argument with Marie.’

Georgian Ø-e-čxub-eb-a (PRS)

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT

X: NOM

Y: DAT

Locus: Y

p'et're-Ø	mašo-s	Ø-e-čxub-a
pn - nom	pn - dat	io 3- ver : r -fight- s 3 sg . pst
‘Petre had a quarrel with Masho.’

German streiten

Valency pattern: NOM_mitDAT

X: NOM

Y: mitDAT

Locus: Y

Karl	streite-t	mit	Marie
pn [ nom . sg ]	quarrel- prs .3 sg	with	pn [ dat . sg ]
‘Karl has a quarrel with Marie.’

Irish bí argóint

Valency pattern: aige_le

X: aige

Y: le

Locus: XY

Bhí	argóint	ag	Pól	le	Máire.
be. pst	quarrel	at	pn	with	pn
‘Pól had a quarrel with Máire.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Italian littigare

Valency pattern: SBJ_con

X: SBJ

Y: con

Locus: Y

Leo	ha	litigato	con	Maria
pn ( m )	aux .3 sg . prs	argue. pst . ptcp	with	pn ( f )
‘Leo had a quarrel with Maria.’

Kalderash Romani xalpe

Valency pattern: NOM_INS

X: NOM

Y: INS

Locus: Y

o	Murš-a	xa-ľ-a-pe	la	Marijk-asa
art . m . dir . sg	pn - nom . sg	have_quarrel- pst -3 sg - refl	art . f . obl . sg	pn - ins . sg
‘Murša had a quarrel with Marijka.’

Kazakh urs-ïp qal

Valency pattern: NOM_INS

X: NOM

Y: INS

Locus: Y

Petya	Maša-men	urs-ïp	qal-dï
pn	pn - ins	quarrel- cvb	remain- pst 1.3 sg
‘Petya had a quarrel with Masha.’

Kazym Khanty kǔtǝŋa jiti

Valency pattern: NOM_NOMpila

X: NOM

Y: NOMpila

Locus: Y

pet’a-j-en	maša-j-ǝλ	piλa	kǔt-ǝŋ-a	ji-s-ŋǝn
pn - ep - poss .2 sg	pn - ep - poss .3 sg	with	gap- attr - dat	become- pst -3 du
‘Petja had a quarrel with Maša.’

Khwarshi

Valency pattern: ABS_INTER

X: ABS

Y: INTER

Locus: Y

šamil	goχ-χa	hamaʁe-ł
pn	ссориться- pst . w	друг- inter
‘Шамиль поссорился с другом.’

Kina Rutul ʁerukur

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

islam	ʁe-ruku-r	nadir-ɨ-kʷan
pn ( nom )	pv -1.quarrel. pfv - cvb	pn - obl - com
‘Islam had a quarrel with Nadir.’

Latin discordo

Valency pattern: NOM_cumABL

X: NOM

Y: cumABL

Locus: Y

tres

duc-es

discorda-nt-es

prope

defec-eri-nt

ali-i

ali-is,

trifariam

exercit-um

divers-issim-as

region-es

distrax-ere

three. nom . pl

leader( m )- nom . pl

quarrel- prs . ptcp . act - nom . pl

all_but

conj

leave- prf . sbjv . act -3 pl

other- nom . pl

from

other- abl . pl

from_three_sides

army( m )- acc . sg

remote- sup - acc . pl . f

region( f )- acc . pl

divide[ prf . ind ]- act .3 pl

‘The three generals, having quarrelled up to a point of parting ways from one another, made the three parts of the army march in very different regions.’

Note: Y is implicit in this example. (Liv. XXVI, 41, 20)

Mandarin Chinese chǎojià

Valency pattern: SBJ_he

X: SBJ

Y: he

Locus: Y

Zhāngsān	hé	Lǐsì	chǎojià	le
pn	with	pn	quarrel	pfv
‘Zhangsan quarrelled with Lisi.’

Mingrelian c'-Ø-e-k'ind-eb-un-Ø (FUT)

Valency pattern: ERG_DAT

X: ERG

Y: DAT

Locus: Y

čelo-k	anučia-s	c'-Ø-e-k'ind-u.
pn - erg	pn - dat	prv - io 3- ver : r -quarrel- s 3 sg . pst
‘Chelo had a quarrel with Anuchia.’
Note: This verb is a recent borrowing from Georgian.

Modern Hebrew rav

Valency pattern: SBJ_im

X: SBJ

Y: im

Locus: Y

Pinχas	rav	im	Menaχem
pn	quarrel[ pst .3 sg . m ]	with	pn
‘Pinchas had a quarrel with Menachem.’

Nanai sorimači-

Valency pattern: NOM_INS

X: NOM

Y: INS

Locus: Y

Petia	Maša-ǯi	sore-mače-xa-ni
pn	pn - ins	fight- recp - pst - p .3 sg
‘Petia had a quarrel with Masha.’

Nivkh umd

Valency pattern: SBJ_COM

X: SBJ

Y: COM

Locus: Y

Kaskazik	Ajsana-ɣin	um-d
pn	pn - com . sg	be_angry- ind
‘Kaskazik had a quarrel with Ajsana.’

Northern Mansi xotkantmalaxtas

Valency pattern: NOM_NOMjot

X: NOM

Y: NOMjot

Locus: Y

n’āwram-ǝt	xot-kant-m-alt-axt-as-ǝt	ɕān’-anǝl	jot
child- pl	off-anger- vbz - asp - refl - pst -3 pl	mother- poss .3 pl	com
‘The children had a quarrel with their mother.’

Northern Yukaghir nˈiŋilˈitǝ=

Valency pattern: NA

X: *

Y: *

Locus: *

Sǝmiǝn	Əkulˈǝnˈǝŋ	mǝ	nˈiŋ-ilˈitǝ-ŋi
pn	pn - com	aff	recp -scold- tr .3 pl
‘Semien had a quarrel with Akulina.’
Note: Not included in the database because X and Y are expressed as a single comitative NP.

Norwegian Bokmål å krangle

Valency pattern: SBJ_med

X: SBJ

Y: med

Locus: Y

Per	krangle-t	med	Kari
pn	quarrel- pst	with	pn
‘Per had a quarrel with Kari.’

Polish pokłócić się

Valency pattern: NOM_zINS

X: NOM

Y: zINS

Locus: Y

Agnieszk-a	pokłóci-ł-a	się	z	Magd-ą
pn - nom . sg	quarrell: pfv - pst - f .3 sg	refl	with	pn - ins . sg
‘Agnieszka had a quarrel with Magda.’

Russian possoritʹsja

Valency pattern: NOM_sINS

X: NOM

Y: sINS

Locus: Y

Pet-ja	possori-l-sja	s	Maš-ej
pn ( m )- nom . sg	cause_to_quarrel( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]- refl	with	pn ( f )- ins . sg
‘Petja had a quarrel with Maša.’

Serbian posvađati se

Valency pattern: NOM_sINS

X: NOM

Y: sINS

Locus: Y

Petar	se	posvađa-o	s	Marij-om
pn . nom . sg	refl	quarrel- part . perf . m . sg	with	pn - ins . sg
‘Petar had a quarrel with Maria.’

Shughni δêd sitow

Valency pattern: NOM_INS

X: NOM

Y: INS

Locus: Y

Naǰiba	Safina=qati	δêd	sat
pn	pn = ins	quarrel	go. f . pst
‘Najiba had a quarrel with Saida.’

Skolt Saami reeidčõõttâd

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

Peâtt	reeidčõõđ-i	Määrja-in
pn . sg . nom	have.a.quarrel- pst .3 sg	pn - com
‘Pete had a quarrel with Maria’

Slovak hádať sa

Valency pattern: NOM_sINS

X: NOM

Y: sINS

Locus: Y

Peter	sa	háda-l	s	Mári-ou
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ]	refl . acc	have_a_quarrel( ipfv )- pst [ m . sg ]	with	pn ( m )- ins . sg
‘Peter had a quarrel with Maria.’

Slovenian spreti se

Valency pattern: NOM_zINS

X: NOM

Y: zINS

Locus: Y

Katarin-a	se	je	spr-l-a	z	An-o
pn - nom . sg	rfl	aux .3 sg	quarrel: pfv - lpt - f . sg	with	pn - ins . sg
‘Katarina had a quarrel with Ana.’

Sorani Kurdish ʂer̂ kirdin

Valency pattern: EXT_legel

X: EXT

Y: legel

Locus: XY

Hîwa	legeɫ	Perî-î	ʂer̂=ît-î
pn	with	pn - obl	fight=3 sg . pc -be. prs .3 sg
‘Hiwa had a quarrel with Pari.’
Note: Lit. ≈ ‘As for Hiwa, there is his fight with Peri’. The glossing of the final morpheme in the verb is not clear here.

Spanish reñir

Valency pattern: SBJ_con

X: SBJ

Y: con

Locus: Y

Pedro	riñ-ó	con	María
pn [ sg . m ]	quarrel- aor .3 sg	with	pn [ sg . f ]
‘Pedro had a quarrel with Maria.’

Swedish att bråka

Valency pattern: SBJ_med

X: SBJ

Y: med

Locus: Y

Björn	bråka-de	med	Maja
pn	quarrel- pst	with	pn
‘Björn had a quarrel with Maja.’

Tagalog

Valency pattern: TR

X: ACT

Y: UND

Locus: TR

<In>away	si	Pedro	ni	Maria
< pv > pfv .fight	pers . subj	pn	pers . gen	pn
‘Maria quarreled with Pedro.’
Note: RG: “that’s what I would answer to a question “Why is Pedro so sad”---that Maria did something to him”. Alternative is a symmetrical construction: “Nag-away sina Pedro at Maria” [AV.PFV-quarrel 3PL.SUBJ PN CONJ PN] ‘Pedro had a quarrel with Maria.’

Telugu goḍava agu

Valency pattern: DAT_COM

X: DAT

Y: COM

Locus: XY

pravīṇ-ki	maheṣ-tō	goḍav'	ayiṁdi
pn ( m ). sg . obl - dat	pn ( m ). sg . obl - com	quarrel( n ). sg . nom	become. pst .3 sg . nm
‘Praveen had a quarrel with Mahesh.’

Turkish bozuşmak

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

Mehmet	Orhan-la	bozuş-tu
pn	pn - com	quarrel- pst
‘Mehmet quarreled with Orhan.’

Ulcha sori-

Valency pattern: NOM_INS

X: NOM

Y: INS

Locus: Y

xusə	piktə	əktə	piktə-ǯi	sori-xa-ni
male	child	female	child- ins	fight- pst -3 sg
‘The boy had a quarrel with the girl.’

Uzbek urišib qolmoq

Valency pattern: NOM_bilan

X: NOM

Y: bilan

Locus: Y

Petya	Maša	bilan	uriš-ib	qol-di
pn	pn	with	argue- cvb	leave- pst .3 sg
‘Petja had a quarrel with Maša.’

West Central Oromo wal ɗaba

Valency pattern: NOM_ABSwaddzin

X: NOM

Y: ABSwaddzin

Locus: Y

obsaa-n	boontuu	waddʒin	wal	ɗab-e
pn - nom	pn . abs	with	each_other. abs	lose-3 sg . m . pfv
‘Obsa had a quarrel with Bontu.’

Zilo Andi <j>-iχ.on

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

pat’imati	j-iχ.on	marjam=lojɡu
pn [ f ][ nom ]	f -be_offended. pst ( aor )	m ariam= com
‘Patimat quareled with Mariam.’