BivalTyp

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‘have a quarrel’

Argument frame:

X (have a quarrel) with Y

Stimulus sentence:

P. had a quarrel with M .

Predicate label Ru:

ссориться

Argument frame Ru:

X (ссориться) с кем Y

Stimulus sentence Ru:

П. поссорился с М .

Abaza aj.s

Valency pattern: ABS_IO

X: ABS

Y: IO

Locus: Y

w-ʕa-s-m-áj.sə-n

2 sg . m . abs - cisl -1 sg . io - neg -swear- neg . imp

‘Don’t (have a) quarrel with me!’

Adyghe (West Circassian) fe-gʷəbžə

Valency pattern: ABS_BEN

X: ABS

Y: BEN

Locus: Y

dirjekterə-r	č̣ʼelejeʁaǯʼe-m	fe-gʷəbžə-ʁ
director- abs	teacher- obl	ben -be_angry- pst
‘The director had a quarrel with the teacher.’

Aghul qel aq’.u-

Valency pattern: ERG_COM

X: ERG

Y: COM

Locus: Y

aslan.a	meʜemed.i-qaj	qel	aq’.u-ne
pn ( erg )	pn - com	resentment	do. pf - aor
‘Aslan had a quarrel with Muhammad.’

Akhvakh (Northern) maɬɬeq’uruƛa

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

pataħi	madina-k’ena	maɬɬeq’-ari
pn	pn - com	quarrel- aor
‘Patahi had a quarrel with Madina.’

Andi (Zilo) <j>-iχ.on

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

pat’imati	j-iχ.on	marjam=lojɡu
pn [ f ][ nom ]	f -be_offended. pst ( aor )	m ariam= com
‘Patimat quareled with Mariam.’

Arabic (Northern Syrian) tlāsan

Valency pattern: NA

X: *

Y: *

Locus: *

Aḥmad	w	Mḥammad	tlāsanu
pn	and	pn	quarrel. pf .3 pl
‘Ahmad and Mhammad had an argument.’
Note: Not included in the database because X and Y are expressed as a coordinate NP.

Arabic (South Levantine, Nazareth) ġ.w.š

Valency pattern: SBJ_ma

X: SBJ

Y: ma

Locus: Y

Shadi	tġāwaš	maʿ	Reem
pn	fight. pst	with	pn
‘Shadi quarreled with Reem.’

Arabic (standard) tašāǧara

Valency pattern: NOM_maaGEN

X: NOM

Y: maaGEN

Locus: Y

Badr-un	tašāǧara	maʕa	Maryam-a
pn - nom	fight. pf .3 m	with	pn - gen
‘Badr had a quarrel with Maryam.’

Archi duʕilas -kes

Valency pattern: GEN_COM

X: GEN

Y: COM

Locus: XY

paša-n	duʕilas	etːi	marin-ni-ɬːu
pn - gen	conflict	4.become. pfv	pn - obl - com
‘Pasha had a quarrel with Marina.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate (stative).

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic +makrəs

Valency pattern: SBJ_men

X: SBJ

Y: men

Locus: Y

naša	+mukrəss=əl	mən	baxt-u
person( m )	quarrel. res . m =3 m	from	woman( f )- p .3 m
‘This man had a quarrel with his wife.’
Note: Some speakers use preposition am.

Avar barššize

Valency pattern: NOM_gun

X: NOM

Y: gun

Locus: Y

ʕali	marjam	gun	baršš-un	w-ugo
pn	pn	with	quarrel- seq	m - cop
‘Ali had a quarrel with Marjam.’

Azerbaijani dalaşmaq

Valency pattern: NOM_ile

X: NOM

Y: ile

Locus: Y

Aslan	Leyla	ilǝ	dalaş-dı
pn	pn	with	fight- pst (3)
‘Aslan had a quarrel with Leyla.’

Bafut jɔ́ŋə̀

Valency pattern: SBJ_bo

X: SBJ

Y: bo

Locus: Y

àmbɛ́	à	kɨ̀	jɔ́ŋə̀	bó	sùù
pn	sm	p 2	quarrel	with2. anim	pn
‘Ambe had a quarrel with Suh.’

Bambara kɛ̀lɛ

Valency pattern: NA

X: *

Y: *

Locus: *

Sékù	ni	Fántà	kɛ̀lɛ-la
pn	and	pn	quarrel- pfv . intr
‘Seku and Fanta quarrelled.’
Note: Not included in the database because X and Y are expressed as a coordinate NP.

Belarusian pasvarycca

Valency pattern: NOM_zINS

X: NOM

Y: zINS

Locus: Y

Alieś	pasvary-ŭ-sia	z	Alien-aj
pn [ nom . sg ]	cause_to_quarrell( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl	with	pn - ins . sg
‘Ales had a quarrel with Alena.’

Budugh da'vʕa süʔü

Valency pattern: ERG_zin

X: ERG

Y: zin

Locus: Y

aslan-ır	leyla'-zın	da'vʕa	süʔür-cü
pn - erg	pn -with	fight( a )	a .do. pf - aor
‘Aslan had a quarrel with Leyla.’

Bulgarian skaram se

Valency pattern: SBJ_s

X: SBJ

Y: s

Locus: Y

Petar	se	skara	s	Maria
pn	refl	quarrel( pfv ). aor .3 sg	with	pn
‘Petar had a quarrel with Maria.’

Catalan tenir una baralla

Valency pattern: SBJ_amb

X: SBJ

Y: amb

Locus: Y

en	Pere	va	ten-ir	un-a	barall-a	amb	la	Maria
def . sg . m	pn ( m )	go.3 sg . prs . ind	have- inf	indf - sg . f	quarrel-( f )	with	def . sg . f	pn ( f )
‘Pere had a quarrel with Maria.’

Chechen dou AGR-aella

Valency pattern: GEN_INS

X: GEN

Y: INS

Locus: XY

Islam-an	Nadir-aca	dou	d-aella
pn - gen	pn - ins	fight. abs	d -get. prf
‘Islam had a quarrel with Nadir.’

Chinese (Mandarin) chǎojià

Valency pattern: SBJ_he

X: SBJ

Y: he

Locus: Y

Zhāngsān	hé	Lǐsì	chǎojià	le
pn	with	pn	quarrel	pfv
‘Zhangsan quarrelled with Lisi.’

Chirag ha-d-iči

Valency pattern: GEN_COM

X: GEN

Y: COM

Locus: XY

ʡa̰li-la	rasul-li-cːille	ha-d-ič-ib-le
pn - gen	pn - obl - com	up - n . pl -fall: pf - aor - res . prs .3
‘Ali had a fight with Rasul.’
Note: The verb does not have an absolutive argument and the agreement is always “N.PL”.

Croatian posvađati se

Valency pattern: NOM_sINS

X: NOM

Y: sINS

Locus: Y

Per-o	se	posvađa-o	s	Marij-om
pn - nom . sg	refl	quarrel- part . perf . m . sg	with	pn - ins . sg
‘Pero had a quarrel with Marija.’

Czech pohádat se

Valency pattern: NOM_sINS

X: NOM

Y: sINS

Locus: Y

Petr	se	poháda-l	s	Michal-em
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ]	refl . acc	have_a_quarrel( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]	with	pn ( m )- ins . sg
‘Petr had a quarrel with Michal.’

Danish have et skænderi

Valency pattern: SBJ_med

X: SBJ

Y: med

Locus: Y

Peter	hav-de	et	skænderi	med	Marie
pn	have- pst	indf . sg	quarrel( n )	with	pn
‘Peter had a quarrel with Marie.’

Dargwa (Itsari) ha-B-ik-araj

Valency pattern: ABS_COM

X: ABS

Y: COM

Locus: Y

Islam	Nadir-ri-cːilli	he-jč-ib=ca-w
pn ( abs )	pn - obl - com	up -( m )quarrel. pfv - aor = cop - m
‘Islam had a quarrel with Nadir.’

Dargwa (Kadar) č'ap'-CL-uq-as / č'ap'-CL-ulq-es

Valency pattern: NOM_AD

X: NOM

Y: AD

Locus: Y

meħamad	č'ap'-0-uq-un	ʡaˤšura-ču
pn	quarrel- m -move. pfv - pret	pn - ad
‘Muhammad had a quarrel with Ashura.’

Dargwa (Kaytag) ʁajhigara

Valency pattern: NOM_INTEREL

X: NOM

Y: INTEREL

Locus: Y

Petja	Maša-c:ir	ʁajhiž-iv
pn	pn - interel	quarrel. pf - aor (3)
‘Petja had a quarrel with Misha.’

Dargwa (Kubachi)

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

gal	juldaš-li-cːila	ħaˤχ-ib=saw
boy	friend- obl - com	argue. pfv - pret = cop . m (3)
‘The boy had a quarrel with his friend.’

Dargwa (Tsudakhar) sem ha-b-uč'-iz

Valency pattern: NA

X: *

Y: *

Locus: *

uršːi=ra	juldaš=ra	sem	ha-b-uč'-ib
boy= add	friend= add	anger	up - n -take. pfv - pret (3)
‘The boy had a quarrel with his friend.’
Note: Not included in the database because X and Y are expressed as a coordinate NP.

Dargwa (Tsugni) č'aˤp' b-uq-i / b-ulq-i

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

durħaˤ	zumra-cːala	č'aˤp'	uq-un
boy	neighbor- com	dispute	( m )move. pfv - pret (3)
‘The boy had a quarrel with his neighbor.’

Dutch ruzie hebben

Valency pattern: SBJ_met

X: SBJ

Y: met

Locus: Y

Piet	had	ruzie	met	Marie
pn ( c )	have. pst .3 sg	quarrel( c )	with	pn ( c )
‘Piet had a quarrel with Marie.’

Enets (Forest) kauzur

Valency pattern: NOM_LOC

X: NOM

Y: LOC

Locus: Y

modʲi	kasa-jʔ	nɛ-xone-da	kauzu-bi
i	man- nom . sg .1 sg	woman- loc . sg - obl . sg .3 sg	abuse( ipfv )- prf .3 sg . s
‘My friend had a quarrel with his wife’.

English have quarrel

Valency pattern: SBJ_with

X: SBJ

Y: with

Locus: Y

Peter	had	a	quarrel	with	Mary.

Estonian riidu minema

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

Peeter	läks	Mareti-ga	riidu
pn . sg . nom	go. pst .3 sg	pn - com	quarrel. sg . ill
‘Peeter got into a quarrel with Maret.’

Finnish riidellä

Valency pattern: NOM_GENkanssa

X: NOM

Y: GENkanssa

Locus: Y

Pekka	riitel-i	Mati-n	kanssa
pn . nom	have.a.quarrel- pst .3 sg	pn - gen	with
‘Pekka had a quarrel with Matti.’

French se disputer

Valency pattern: SBJ_avec

X: SBJ

Y: avec

Locus: Y

Paul	s’	est	disputé	avec	Marie
pn ( m )	refl	be. prs .3 sg	argue. pst . ptcp . m	with	pn ( f )
‘Paul had an argument with Marie.’

Gban se̋e̋ zè

Valency pattern: SBJ_ye

X: SBJ

Y: ye

Locus: Y

Zá̰	ɛ́	se̋e̋	zè	Mɔ̰̈bì	yɛ̋
pn	3 sg \ pst	fire	say[ pfv . hod ]	pn	with
‘Zan had a quarrel with Monbi.’

Georgian Ø-e-čxub-eb-a (PRS)

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT

X: NOM

Y: DAT

Locus: Y

p'et're-Ø	mašo-s	Ø-e-čxub-a
pn - nom	pn - dat	io 3- ver : r -fight- s 3 sg . pst
‘Petre had a quarrel with Masho.’

German streiten

Valency pattern: NOM_mitDAT

X: NOM

Y: mitDAT

Locus: Y

Karl	streite-t	mit	Marie
pn [ nom . sg ]	quarrel- prs .3 sg	with	pn [ dat . sg ]
‘Karl has a quarrel with Marie.’

Hebrew (modern) rav

Valency pattern: SBJ_im

X: SBJ

Y: im

Locus: Y

Pinχas	rav	im	Menaχem
pn	quarrel[ pst .3 sg . m ]	with	pn
‘Pinchas had a quarrel with Menachem.’

Hindi jhagṛā honā

Valency pattern: GEN_ABL

X: GEN

Y: ABL

Locus: XY

Pratīk	kā	Mohan	se	jhagṛā	hu-ā
pn ( m ). sg . obl	adjz . m . sg . dir	pn ( m ). sg . obl	abl	quarrel( m ). sg . dir	be. pfv - m . sg
‘Prateek had a quarrel with Mohan.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Indonesian (standard) ber-tengkar

Valency pattern: SBJ_dengan

X: SBJ

Y: dengan

Locus: Y

Abdul	ber-tengkar	dengan	Ade
pn	ber -quarrel	with	pn
‘Abdul had a quarrel with Ade.’

Irish bí argóint

Valency pattern: aige_le

X: aige

Y: le

Locus: XY

Bhí	argóint	ag	Pól	le	Máire.
be. pst	quarrel	at	pn	with	pn
‘Pól had a quarrel with Máire.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Italian litigare

Valency pattern: SBJ_con

X: SBJ

Y: con

Locus: Y

Leo	ha	litigato	con	Maria
pn ( m )	aux .3 sg . prs	argue. pst . ptcp	with	pn ( f )
‘Leo had a quarrel with Maria.’

Karata t’uraɬa

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

ʕali	marjam-i-k’el	t’ure-e
pn	pn - obl - com	quarrel- pf
‘Ali had a quarrel with Marjam.’

Kazakh urs-ïp qal

Valency pattern: NOM_INS

X: NOM

Y: INS

Locus: Y

Petya	Maša-men	urs-ïp	qal-dï
pn	pn - ins	quarrel- cvb	remain- pst 1.3 sg
‘Petya had a quarrel with Masha.’

Khanty (Kazym) kǔtǝŋa jiti

Valency pattern: NOM_NOMpila

X: NOM

Y: NOMpila

Locus: Y

pet’a-j-en	maša-j-ǝλ	piλa	kǔt-ǝŋ-a	ji-s-ŋǝn
pn - ep - poss .2 sg	pn - ep - poss .3 sg	with	gap- attr - dat	become- pst -3 du
‘Petja had a quarrel with Maša.’

Khoekhoe ǂkhawa

Valency pattern: SBJ_kha

X: SBJ

Y: kha

Locus: Y

Petru-b	ge	Maria-s	ǀkha	ge	ǂkhawa
pn -3 m . sg	decl	pn -3 f . sg	with	pst	quarrel
‘Peter had a quarrel with Maria.’

Khwarshi goχa

Valency pattern: ABS_INTER

X: ABS

Y: INTER

Locus: Y

šamil	goχ-χa	hamaʁe-ł
pn	have.a.quarrel- pst . w	friend- inter
‘Shamil had a quarrel with his friend.’

Komi-Zyrian пинясьны

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

Петя	пиняс-и-с	Маша-кӧд
pn	quarrel- pret -3	pn - com
‘Petja had a quarrel with Masha.’

Kpelle (Guinean) hwáa kɛ́

Valency pattern: NA

X: *

Y: *

Locus: *

Pépèe	dà	Kwɛ́likɔlɔ̂	dàa	hwáa	kɛ́
pn	3.and	pn	3 pl . prf	argument	make
‘Pepee had a quarrel with Kwelikolo.’
Note: Not included in the database because X and Y are expressed as a coordinate NP.

Kryz (Alik) davʕa varic

Valency pattern: ERG_INS

X: ERG

Y: INS

Locus: Y

terlan-ir	leyla-zina	davʕa	var-du
pn - erg	pn - ins	quarrel( f )	f .do. pfv - aor . f
‘Terlan had a quarrel with Leyla.’

Kryz (Ismayilli) davʕa varic

Valency pattern: ERG_INESS.INS

X: ERG

Y: INESS.INS

Locus: Y

aslan-ir	leyla	q'ina	davʕa	vor-du
pn - erg	pn ( iness )	ins	fight( f )	f .do. pf - aor . f
‘Aslan had a quarrel with Leyla.’

Kryz (proper) davʕa varic

Valency pattern: ERG_GENqan

X: ERG

Y: GENqan

Locus: Y

aslan-ır	leyla-q'an	davʕa	va-du
pn - erg	pn -with	battle( f )	f .do. pf - aor . f
‘Aslan had a quarrel with Leyla.’

Kumyk erišmek

Valency pattern: NOM_NOMbulan

X: NOM

Y: NOMbulan

Locus: Y

musa	patimat	bulan	er-iš-d-i
pn	pn	with	(quarrel)- rec - pst -3 sg
‘Musa had a quarrel with Patimat.’

Kurdish (Sorani) ʂer̂ bûn

Valency pattern: EXT_legel

X: EXT

Y: legel

Locus: XY

Hîwa	legeɫ	Perî-î	ʂer̂=ît-î
pn	with	pn - obl	fight=3 sg . pc -be. prs .3 sg
‘Hiwa had a quarrel with Pari.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate. Lit. ≈ ‘As for Hiwa, there is his fight with Peri’. The glossing of the final morpheme in the verb is not clear here.

Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) pevçûn (intr)

Valency pattern: SBJ.INTR_biOBLre

X: SBJ.INTR

Y: biOBLre

Locus: Y

keçik	bi	kurik	re	pevçû
girl	with	boy	to	argue. pfv .3 sg
‘The girl had a quarrel with the boy.’

Lak (Quba)

Valency pattern: GEN_COM

X: GEN

Y: COM

Locus: Y

Maħammad-u-l	Aˁšura-šːal	rah-und-i
pn - obl - gen	pn - com	quarrel- aor -3 p
‘Mohammad had a quarrel with Rasul.’

Latin discordo

Valency pattern: NOM_cumABL

X: NOM

Y: cumABL

Locus: Y

tres

duc-es

discorda-nt-es

prope

defec-eri-nt

ali-i

ali-is,

trifariam

exercit-um

divers-issim-as

region-es

distrax-ere

three. nom . pl

leader( m )- nom . pl

quarrel- prs . ptcp . act - nom . pl

all_but

conj

leave- prf . sbjv . act -3 pl

other- nom . pl

from

other- abl . pl

from_three_sides

army( m )- acc . sg

remote- sup - acc . pl . f

region( f )- acc . pl

divide[ prf . ind ]- act .3 pl

‘The three generals, having quarrelled up to a point of parting ways from one another, made the three parts of the army march in very different regions.’

Note: Y is implicit in this example. (Liv. XXVI, 41, 20)

Laz ok'o-b(γ)-u

Valency pattern: NOM_SOC

X: NOM

Y: SOC

Locus: Y

Käzim-i	Fatma-k'ala	ok'o-Ø-b-un-Ø
pn - nom	pn - pstp : soc	prv - s 3-tie- sm - s 3 sg . inact
‘Käzim is quarreling with Fatma.’

Lezgian (Yargun) qal jen

Valency pattern: NOM_SUB/POSTgalaz

X: NOM

Y: SUB/POSTgalaz

Locus: Y

Sahib	Lale-d	galaz	qal	xha-na
pn	pn - obl ( sub / post )	with	dispute	become. pfv - aor
‎‎‎‘Sahib had a quarrel with Lale.’

Macedonian se skara

Valency pattern: SBJ_so

X: SBJ

Y: so

Locus: Y

Petar	se	skara	so	Maja
pn	refl	quarrel( pfv ). aor .3 sg	with	pn
‘Petar had a quarrel with Maja.’

Maltese

Valency pattern: SBJ_ma

X: SBJ

Y: ma

Locus: Y

Ġwanni	kellu	ġlieda	ma	Mark
pn	have. pf . m .3 sg	quarrel	with	pn
‘Ġwanni had a quarrel with Mark.’

Maninka (Eastern) fɔ́ ɲɔ́ɔn kɔ́

Valency pattern: NA

X: *

Y: *

Locus: *

Sékù	ní	Fántà	bára	fɔ́	ɲɔ́ɔn	kɔ́.
pn	and	pn	prf	miss	recp	behind
‘Seku and Fanta have quarelled.’
Note: Not included in the database because X and Y are expressed as a coordinate NP.

Mano wéè kɛ̄

Valency pattern: NA

X: *

Y: *

Locus: *

Sèé	wà	Pèé	ō	wéè	kɛ̄
pn	3 pl . ip	pn	3 pl . pst	speech	do
‘Se and Pe disputed.’
Note: Not included in the database because X and Y are expressed as a coordinate NP.

Mansi (Northern) xotkantmalaxtas

Valency pattern: NOM_NOMjot

X: NOM

Y: NOMjot

Locus: Y

n’āwram-ǝt	xot-kant-m-alt-axt-as-ǝt	ɕān’-anǝl	jot
child- pl	off-anger- vbz - asp - refl - pst -3 pl	mother- poss .3 pl	com
‘The children had a quarrel with their mother.’

Mehweb daʡlumeze -ikes

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

Islam	daʡlume-ze	w-ik-ib	Nadir-li-ču
pn	conflict. pl - cont ( lat )	m -happen: pfv - pst	pn - obl - com
‘Islam had a quarrel with Nadir.’

Mingrelian c'-Ø-e-k'ind-eb-un-Ø (FUT)

Valency pattern: ERG_DAT

X: ERG

Y: DAT

Locus: Y

čelo-k	anučia-s	c'-Ø-e-k'ind-u
pn - erg	pn - dat	prv - io 3- ver : r -quarrel- s 3 sg . pst
‘Chelo had a quarrel with Anuchia.’
Note: This verb is a recent borrowing from Georgian.

Nanai sorimači-

Valency pattern: NOM_INS

X: NOM

Y: INS

Locus: Y

Petia	Maša-ǯi	sore-mače-xa-ni
pn	pn - ins	fight- recp - pst - p .3 sg
‘Petia had a quarrel with Masha.’

Nivkh umd

Valency pattern: SBJ_COM

X: SBJ

Y: COM

Locus: Y

Kaskazik	Ajsana-ɣin	um-d
pn	pn - com . sg	be_angry- ind
‘Kaskazik had a quarrel with Ajsana.’

Norwegian Bokmål å krangle

Valency pattern: SBJ_med

X: SBJ

Y: med

Locus: Y

Per	krangle-t	med	Kari
pn	quarrel- pst	with	pn
‘Per had a quarrel with Kari.’

Oromo (West Central) wal ɗaba

Valency pattern: NOM_ABSwaddzin

X: NOM

Y: ABSwaddzin

Locus: Y

obsaa-n	boontuu	waddʒin	wal	ɗab-e
pn - nom	pn . abs	with	each_other. abs	lose-3 sg . m . pfv
‘Obsa had a quarrel with Bontu.’

Persian da'avā dāštan

Valency pattern: NOM_baNOM

X: NOM

Y: baNOM

Locus: Y

ahmad	bā	mariam	da'avā	dāšt
pn	with	pn	argument	have. pst .3 sg
‘Ahmad had a quarrel with Mariam.’

Polish pokłócić się

Valency pattern: NOM_zINS

X: NOM

Y: zINS

Locus: Y

Agnieszk-a	pokłóci-ł-a	się	z	Magd-ą
pn - nom . sg	quarrell: pfv - pst - f .3 sg	refl	with	pn - ins . sg
‘Agnieszka had a quarrel with Magda.’

Portuguese (Brazilian) discutir

Valency pattern: SBJ_com

X: SBJ

Y: com

Locus: Y

Pedro	discut-iu	com	Maria
pn ( m )	argue-3 sg . pst	with	pn ( f )
‘Pedro had a quarrel with Maria.’

Romani (Kalderash) xalpe

Valency pattern: NOM_INS

X: NOM

Y: INS

Locus: Y

o	Murš-a	xa-ľ-a-pe	la	Marijk-asa
art . m . dir . sg	pn - nom . sg	have_quarrel- pst -3 sg - refl	art . f . obl . sg	pn - ins . sg
‘Murša had a quarrel with Marijka.’

Russian possoritʹsja

Valency pattern: NOM_sINS

X: NOM

Y: sINS

Locus: Y

Pet-ja	possori-l-sja	s	Maš-ej
pn ( m )- nom . sg	cause_to_quarrel( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]- refl	with	pn ( f )- ins . sg
‘Petja had a quarrel with Maša.’

Rutul (Kina) ʁerukur

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

islam	ʁe-ruku-r	nadir-ɨ-kʷan
pn ( nom )	pv -1.quarrel. pfv - cvb	pn - obl - com
‘Islam had a quarrel with Nadir.’

Rutul (Mukhad) qhaˤl vıʔın

Valency pattern: ERG_COM

X: ERG

Y: COM

Locus: Y

murad-a	majram-ı-xvan	qhaˤl	vıʔı-ri
pn - erg	pn - obl - com	anger( a )	a .do. pf - aor
‘Murad had a quarrel with Majram.’

Rutul (Shinaz) kipxu-n

Valency pattern: ATTR_COM

X: ATTR

Y: COM

Locus: XY

basir-dɨ	kipxu-rɨ	peri-xvan
pn - attr	a .fall_ in . pf - perf	pn - com
‘Basir had a quarrel with Peri.’

Rutul (Southern) huˤcaˤt hıʔın

Valency pattern: ERG_COM

X: ERG

Y: COM

Locus: Y

murad-a	ayten-xhvan	huˤcaˤt	hıʔı-r
pn - erg	pn - com	quarrel	n .do. pf - aor
‘Murad had a quarrel with Ayten.’

Saami (Skolt) reeidčõõttâd

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

Peâtt	reeidčõõđ-i	Määrja-in
pn . sg . nom	have.a.quarrel- pst .3 sg	pn - com
‘Pete had a quarrel with Maria’

Serbian posvađati se

Valency pattern: NOM_sINS

X: NOM

Y: sINS

Locus: Y

Petar	se	posvađa-o	s	Marij-om
pn . nom . sg	refl	quarrel- part . perf . m . sg	with	pn - ins . sg
‘Petar had a quarrel with Maria.’

Shughni δêd sitow

Valency pattern: NOM.NO.CL_INS

X: NOM.NO.CL

Y: INS

Locus: Y

Naǰiba	Safina=qati	δêd	sat
pn	pn = ins	quarrel	go. f . pst
‘Najiba had a quarrel with Saida.’

Slovak hádať sa

Valency pattern: NOM_sINS

X: NOM

Y: sINS

Locus: Y

Peter	sa	háda-l	s	Mári-ou
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ]	refl . acc	have_a_quarrel( ipfv )- pst [ m . sg ]	with	pn ( m )- ins . sg
‘Peter had a quarrel with Maria.’

Slovenian spreti se

Valency pattern: NOM_zINS

X: NOM

Y: zINS

Locus: Y

Katarin-a	se	je	spr-l-a	z	An-o
pn - nom . sg	rfl	aux .3 sg	quarrel: pfv - lpt - f . sg	with	pn - ins . sg
‘Katarina had a quarrel with Ana.’

Spanish reñir

Valency pattern: SBJ_con

X: SBJ

Y: con

Locus: Y

Pedro	riñ-ó	con	María
pn [ sg . m ]	quarrel- aor .3 sg	with	pn [ sg . f ]
‘Pedro had a quarrel with Maria.’

Svan x-e-cwäːl (PRS)

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT

X: NOM

Y: DAT

Locus: Y

maizer-Ø	lile-s	ät-cuːdː-a
pn - nom	pn - dat	prv : dist . io 3. ver : o -quarrel- pst
‘Maizer had a quarrel with Lile.’

Swedish att bråka

Valency pattern: SBJ_med

X: SBJ

Y: med

Locus: Y

Björn	bråka-de	med	Maja
pn	quarrel- pst	with	pn
‘Björn had a quarrel with Maja.’

Tabasaran (Kandyk)

Valency pattern: ABS_POST.DIR

X: ABS

Y: POST.DIR

Locus: Y

fatima	maˁhaˁmad.a-q-ǯi	eleg-nu
pn ( abs )	pn - post - dir	dispute- pst \|
‘Fatima had a quarrel with Mahamad’

Tagalog awayin

Valency pattern: TR

X: ACT

Y: UND

Locus: TR

<in>away	si	Pedro	ni	Maria
< pv > pfv .fight	pers . subj	pn	pers . gen	pn
‘Maria quarreled with Pedro.’

Telugu goḍava agu

Valency pattern: DAT_COM

X: DAT

Y: COM

Locus: XY

pravīṇ-ki	maheṣ-tō	goḍav'	ayiṁdi
pn ( m ). sg . obl - dat	pn ( m ). sg . obl - com	quarrel( n ). sg . nom	become. pst .3 sg . nm
‘Praveen had a quarrel with Mahesh.’

Tsakhur džıvabılqha ariy

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

murad	sona-y-kva	džıvab-ılqha	arı
pn	pn - obl - com	argument- superlat	h .come. pf
‘Murad had a quarrel with Sona.’

Tswana ngangisana

Valency pattern: SBJ_le

X: SBJ

Y: le

Locus: Y

mo-sadi	o-ngang-is-an-a	le-mo-nna	wa-gagwe
sg -woman(1)	s i :cl1-debate- caus - rec - fv	com - sg -man(1)	cl1. gen -cl1. pro
‘The woman is arguing with her husband.’

Turkish bozuşmak

Valency pattern: NOM_COM

X: NOM

Y: COM

Locus: Y

Mehmet	Orhan-la	bozuş-tu
pn	pn - com	quarrel- pst
‘Mehmet quarreled with Orhan.’

Turoyo mqatəl

Valency pattern: SBJ_7am

X: SBJ

Y: 7am

Locus: Y

Gabriyel	mqate-le	ʕam	Maryam
pn	fight. pfv - ls .3 m	with	pn
‘Gabriyel had a fight with Maryam.’

Twi nya akasakasa

Valency pattern: NA

X: *

Y: *

Locus: *

Kofi	ne	nana	a-nya	akasakasa	bi
pn	with	grandfather	prf -get	fight	indef
‘Kofi has a quarrel with grandfather.’
Note: Not included in the database because X and Y are expressed as a coordinate NP.

Udi dava+LV

Valency pattern: ERG_ABL

X: ERG

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

Aloş-en	Onik'-əxun	dava-b-e=ne
pn - erg	pn - abl	quarrel- lv - prf =3 sg
‘Alyosha had a quarrel with Onik.’

Udmurt kereti̮ni̮

Valency pattern: NOM_INS

X: NOM

Y: INS

Locus: Y

Pet'a	Maša-jen	keret-iz
pn . nom	pn - ins	quarrel- pst .3 sg
‘Petja had a quarrel with Masha.’

Ukrainian posvarytysja

Valency pattern: NOM_zINS

X: NOM

Y: zINS

Locus: Y

Petr-o	posvary-v-sja	z	Marij-eju
pn ( m )- nom . sg	cause_to_quarrel( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]- refl	with	pn ( f )- ins . sg
‘Petro had a quarrel with Mariya.’

Ulcha sori-

Valency pattern: NOM_INS

X: NOM

Y: INS

Locus: Y

xusə	piktə	əktə	piktə-ǯi	sori-xa-ni
male	child	female	child- ins	fight- pst -3 sg
‘The boy had a quarrel with the girl.’

Uzbek urišib qolmoq

Valency pattern: NOM_bilan

X: NOM

Y: bilan

Locus: Y

Petya	Maša	bilan	uriš-ib	qol-di
pn	pn	with	argue- cvb	leave- pst .3 sg
‘Petja had a quarrel with Maša.’

Wolof xuloo

Valency pattern: SBJ_ak

X: SBJ

Y: ak

Locus: Y

Astu	dafa	d-oon	xul-oo	ak	Bintu
pn	f oc v .s i :3 sg	incpl - pst	scold- recp	with	pn
‘Astu was arguing with Bintu.’

Yukaghir (Northern) nˈiŋilˈitǝ=

Valency pattern: NA

X: *

Y: *

Locus: *

Sǝmiǝn	Əkulˈǝ-nˈǝŋ	mǝ	nˈiŋ-ilˈitǝ-ŋi
pn	pn - com	aff	recp -scold- tr .3 pl
‘Semien had a quarrel with Akulina.’
Note: Not included in the database because X and Y are expressed as a single comitative NP.

Zazaki

Valency pattern: SBJ.TR_de.PSTP

X: SBJ.TR

Y: de.PSTP

Locus: Y

oxɨr-i	inan=dɛ	nɨza	kɛrd
pn - obl . m	3 pl . obl =with	quarrel	do. pst
‘Oxir had a quarrel with them.’