BivalTyp

Лаборатория типологического изучения языков    Институт лингвистических исследований РАН

‘hate’

Argument frame: X (hate) Y
Stimulus sentence: P. hates M .
Predicate label Ru: ненавидеть
Argument frame Ru: X (ненавидеть) Y -а
Stimulus sentence Ru: П. ненавидит М .

Abaza [ĉə-]maʁ

Valency pattern: MAL_ABS
X: MAL
Y: ABS
Locus: X
fatíma murád də-l-ĉə́-maʁ-b
pn pn 3 sg . h . abs -3 sg . f . io - mal -hate- npst . dcl
‘Fatima hates Murad.’

Aghul dušman-di + ‘be’

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
aslan.a-s meʜemed dušman-di a
pn - dat pn enemy- adv { in }be: prs
‘Aslan hates Muhammad.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic ləbba ṗakkə

Valency pattern: BARE_men
X: BARE
Y: men
Locus: XY
ət +Ašur ləbb-u ṗkay=əl mən švav-u
rel pn heart( m )- p .3 m split(intr). prog =3 m from neighbour( m )- p .3 m
‘Ashur hates his neighbor.’

Brazilian Portuguese odiar

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pedro odei-a Miguel
pn ( m ) hate-3 sg . prs pn ( m )
‘Pedro hates Miguel.’

Catalan odiar

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
en Pere odi-a en Marc
def . sg . m pn ( m ) hate-3 sg . prs . ind def . sg . m pn ( m )
‘Pere hates Marc.’

Czech nenávidět

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Petr nenávidí Michal-a
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] hate( ipfv ). prs .3 sg pn ( m )- acc . sg
‘Petr hates Michal.’

Danish hade

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Peter hade-r Marie
pn hate- prs pn
‘Peter hates Marie.’

Dutch haten

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Piet haat Marie
pn ( c ) hate.3 sg pn ( c )
‘Piet hates Marie.’

Estonian vihkama

Valency pattern: NOM_PART
X: NOM
Y: PART
Locus: Y
Peeter vihka-b Mareti-t
pn . sg . nom hate- prs .3 sg pn - sg . part
‘Peeter hates Maret.’

Finnish vihata

Valency pattern: NOM_PART
X: NOM
Y: PART
Locus: Y
Pekka viha-a Matti-a
pn . nom hate- prs .3 sg pn - part
‘Pekka hates Matti’

Forest Enets nɛseza

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
vasʲa kasa-jʔ nɛseza
pn man- nom . sg .1 sg hate( ipfv ).3 sg . s
‘Vasja hates my friend’.

German hassen

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Karl hass-t Marie
pn [ nom . sg ] hate- prs .3 sg pn [ acc . sg ]
‘Karl hates Marie.’

Italian odiare

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Leo odi-a Maria
pn ( m ) hate-3 sg . prs pn ( f )
‘Leo hates Maria.’

Kazakh žek kör

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Petya Maša-nï žek kör-edi
pn pn - acc hate- prs 2.3 sg
‘Petya hates Masha.’

Kazym Khanty λǝkǝŋ εtti

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
pet’a-j-en waśa-j-ǝλ λǝkǝŋ εt-λ-ǝλλe
pn - ep - poss . sg pn - ep - poss .3 sg evil- attr go_out- npst -3 sg . so
‘Petja hates Vasja.’

Latin odi

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
quis autem est, qui Tarquini-um Superb-um non od-eri-t
who. nom . sg indeed be. prs . ind . act .3 sg which. nom . sg pn ( m )- acc . sg proud- acc . sg . m not hate- fut 2. ind - act .3 sg
‘But who is it who does not hate Tarquin the Proud?’
Note: (Cic, de Amicitia, 28)

Modern Hebrew sone

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas sone et Menaχem
pn hate[ ptcp . sg . m ] do pn
‘Pinchas hates Menachem.’

Nanai čiurisi

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Petia Maša-ǯi čiuri.si-ni
pn pn - ins be_dismayed. ipfv . npst - p .3 sg
‘Petia hates Masha.’

Nivkh raɣraɣd

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Kaskazik Ajsana + raɣraɣ-d
pn pn + hate- ind
‘Kaskazik hates Ajsana.’

Norwegian Bokmål å hate

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Per hate-r Ola
pn hate- prs pn
‘Per hates Ola.’

Polish nienawidzić

Valency pattern: NOM_GEN
X: NOM
Y: GEN
Locus: Y
Feliks nienawidzi Ann-y
pn [ nom . sg ] hate: ipfv . prs .3 sg pn - gen . sg
‘Feliks hates Anna.’

Russian nenavidetʹ

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Pet-ja nenavid-it Maš-u
pn ( m )- nom . sg hate( ipfv )- prs .3 sg pn ( f )- acc . sg
‘Petja hates Maša.’

Rutul ulis ʁagur hɨgardiš

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
rasul-u-s ramazan ul-i-s ʁagu-r hɨga-r-diš
pn - obl - dat pn ( nom ) eye- obl - dat 1.see. pfv - cvb 4.want. ipfv - cvb - neg
‘Rasul hates Ramazan.’

Serbian mrzi

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Petar mrzi Marij-u
pn . nom . sg ненавидеть. prs .3 sg pn - acc . sg
‘Петар ненавидит Марию.’

Shughni bad vidow

Valency pattern: LAT_NOM
X: LAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Šamil-ard Azim dis=ga bad
pn - lat pn such=more bad
‘Shamil hates Azim.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate. In this example, the verb 'to be' is non-overt.

Skolt Saami vââjšed

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Peâtt vââjaš Määrʹj
pn . sg . nom hate. prs .3 sg pn . sg . acc
‘Pete hates Maria’

Slovenian sovražiti

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Peter sovraži An-o
pn [ nom . sg ] hate: ipfv . prs .3 sg pn - acc . sg
‘Peter hates Ana.’

Spanish odiar

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pedro odi-a a María
pn [ sg . m ] hate- prs .3 sg dir . obj . anm pn [ sg . f ]
‘Pedro hates Maria.’

Swedish att hata

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Björn hata-r Maja
pn hate- prs pn
‘Björn hates Maja.’

Turkish nefret etmek

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
Mehmet Orhan-dan nefret ed-ıyor
pn pn - abl hatred make- prs
‘Mehmet hates Orhan.’

Ulcha gosi-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
ama mə̄n ag-bi gos-i-ni
father self elder_brother- refl . sg hate- prs -3 sg
‘Father hates his elder brother.’

Zilo Andi *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
pat’imati-<j>o dʒiʔ.i-r-sːu marjam
pn - aff < f > like. pst - prog - neg pn [ f ][ nom ]
‘Patimat doesn’t like Mariam.’
Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate.