BivalTyp

Лаборатория типологического изучения языков    Институт лингвистических исследований РАН

‘give birth’

Argument frame: X (give birth) to Y
Stimulus sentence: M. gave birth to a son .
Predicate label Ru: рожать
Argument frame Ru: X (рожать) Y
Stimulus sentence Ru: М. родила сына .

Abaza ʕa-rə-j

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: ABS
Locus: TR
fatíma č’ḳʷən–χʷə́c d-ʕa-l-rə́-j-d
pn boy-little 3 sg . h . abs - cisl -3 sg . f . erg - caus -come( aor )- dcl
‘Fatime gave birth to a son.’

Aghul ruχ.u-

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
fat’im.i-s gada ruχ.u-ne
pn - dat son be.born. pf - aor
‘Fatima gave birth to a son.’

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic barə

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
xat-i bri-la bruna
sister( f )- p .1 sg create. pst - ls .3 f son( m )
‘My sister gave birth to a son.’
Note: Non-Urmi speaker.

Brazilian Portuguese dar à luz

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Maria deu à luz um filho
pn ( f ) give.3 sg . pst to+ def . f light( f ) indf son( m )
‘Maria gave birth to a son.’

Catalan donar a llum

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
la Maria va don-ar a llum un fill
def . sg . f pn ( f ) go.3 sg . prs . ind give- inf to light( f ) indf . sg . m son( m )
‘Maria gave birth to a son.’

Czech porodit

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Michael-a porodi-l-a syn-a
pn ( f )- nom . sg give_birth( pfv )- pst - f . sg son( m )- acc . sg
‘Michaela gave birth to a son.’

Danish føde

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Marie fød-te en søn
pn give_birth- pst indf . sg son( c )
‘Marie gave birth to a son.’

Dutch baren

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Marie heeft een zoon ge-baar-d
pn ( c ) have.3 sg art . indf son( c ) ptcp -give.birth- ptcp
‘Marie gave birth to a son.’

Estonian sünnitama

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: GEN~PART~NOM
Locus: TR
Maret sünnita-s poja
pn . sg . nom bear- pst .3 sg son. sg . gen
‘Maret gave birth to a son.’

Finnish synnyttää

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: GEN~PART~NOM
Locus: TR
Lotta synnytt-i poja-n
pn . nom give.birth- pst .3 sg son- gen
‘Lotta gave birth to a son.’

Forest Enets sɔja

Valency pattern: TOP_NOM
X: TOP
Y: NOM
Locus: X
modʲi nʲe-jʔ kasa nʲe-za sɔja-ʃ
i woman child- nom . sg .1 sg man child- nom . sg .3 sg be_born( pfv )-3 sg . s . pst
‘My daughter gave birth to a son’.

German gebären

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Marie gebar ein Kind
pn [ nom . sg ] give_birth. pst .3 sg indf [ n . acc . sg ] child[ acc . sg ]
‘Marie gave birth to a son.’

Italian partorire

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Maria ha partorito un figli-o
pn ( f ) aux .3 sg . prs give_birth. pst . ptcp indf . sg . m son- sg . m
‘Maria gave birth to a son.’

Kazakh tap

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Maša ul tap-tï
pn son give_birth- pst 1.3 sg
‘Masha gave birth to a son.’

Kazym Khanty tăjti

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
maša-j-en pǒχ tăj-əs
pn - ep - poss .2 sg son have- pst [3 sg ]
‘Maša gave birth to a son.’

Latin pario

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
peper-erunt ov-es agn-os human-o capit-e
give_birth[ prf . ind ]- act .3 pl sheep( f )- nom . pl lamb( m )- acc . pl human- abl . sg . n head( n )- abl . sg
‘Sheep gave birth to lambs with a human head.’
Note: (Ter. Ph. 3, 3, 4)

Modern Hebrew jald-a

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Mirjam jald-a ben
pn give.birth[ pst ]-3 sg . f son
‘Miriam gave birth to a son.’

Nanai baa-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
Maša Petia-wa baa-xa-ni
pn pn - obl find- pst - p .3 sg
‘Masha gave birth to a son.’

Nivkh pand

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Ajsana azməc + eʁlŋ pan-d
pn man + child give.birth- ind
‘Ajsana gave birth to a son.’

Norwegian Bokmål å føde

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Kari fød-te en sønn
pn give_birth- pst indf . m . sg son
‘Kari gave birth to a son.’

Polish urodzić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Mariol-a urodzi-ł-a syn-a
pn - nom . sg give_birth- pst - f .3 sg son- acc . sg
‘Mariola gave birth to a son.’

Russian roditʹ

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Maš-a rodi-l-a syn-a
pn ( f )- nom . sg give_birth( pfv )- pst - f . sg son( m )- acc . sg
‘Maša gave birth to a son.’

Rutul jišɨra

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
madina-s duχ jišɨ-r=a
pn - dat son( nom ) 1.become. pfv - cbv =be
‘Madina gave birth to a son.’

Serbian rodila

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Marij-a je rodi-la sin-a
pn - nom . sg быть. prs .3 sg родить- part . perf . f . sg сын- acc . sg
‘Мария родила сына.’

Shughni vīdow

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
Lola=yi puc vūd
pn =3 sg son bring. pst
‘Lola gave birth to a son.’

Skolt Saami šõddeed

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Mäʹrjj šõddi-i pääʹrn
pn . sg . nom give.birth- pst .3 sg child. sg . acc
‘Maria gave birth to a son.’

Slovenian roditi

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
An-a je rodi-l-a sin-a
pn - nom . sg aux .3 sg give_birth- lpt - f . sg son- acc . sg
‘Ana gave birth to a son.’

Spanish tener

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
María ha teni-do un hijo
pn [ sg . f ] aux .3 sg have- ptcp : prf art . ndef . sg . m son[ sg . m ]
‘Maria gave birth to a son.’

Swedish att föda

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Maja föd-de en son
pn give_birth- pst indf . c . sg son
‘Maja gave birth to a son.’

Turkish doğurmak

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Filiz erkek çocuğ-u doğur-du
pn male child- p .3 give_birth- pst
‘Filiz gave birth to a baby boy.’

Ulcha baqa-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
əj əktə xusə piktə-wə baqa-xa-ni
this female male child- acc find- pst -3 sg
‘This woman gave birth to a son.’

Zilo Andi dʒid.i

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: NOM
Locus: TR
marjam-di woʃo dʒid.i
pn - erg boy[ m ][ nom ] make. pst ( aor )
‘Mariam gave birth to a boy.’