BivalTyp

‘get upset’

Argument frame: X (get upset) with Y
Stimulus sentence: (P.’s son got bad marks in school once again.) P. got upset with his son . = P. got upset because of his son .
Predicate label Ru: огорчаться
Argument frame Ru: X (огорчаться) из-за Y -а
Stimulus sentence Ru: (Сын П. опять получил плохие оценки в школе). П. огорчился из-за своего сына .

Abaza *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Adyghe (West Circassian) gʷəqewe fe-χʷə

Valency pattern: BEN_ABS
X: BEN
Y: ABS
Locus: X
sabjəj-xe-r gʷə.qawe t-fe-χʷə-ʁe-x
child- pl - abs misery 1 pl . io - ben -become- pst - pl
‘We got upset because of the children.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Aghul kːan- + NEG

Valency pattern: DAT_SUBCONT
X: DAT
Y: SUBCONT
Locus: XY
aslan.a-s uč.i-n gada.ji-k-as da-kːan-x.u-ne
pn - dat self- gen son- sub / cont - elat neg -love-become. pf - aor
‘Aslan got upset with his son.’

Akhvakh (Northern) rak’wa baq’q’weluruƛa

Valency pattern: POSS_salilohe
X: POSS
Y: salilohe
Locus: XY
pataħi-ƛƛi rak’wa baq’q’wel-ari inssuda waša saɬilohe
pn - gen heart n .dry- aor refl . m . gen boy because
‘Patahi got upset with his son.’
Note: The NP in the genitive displays some properties of a clause-level argument.

Andi (Zilo) sːim <b>-iʔ.o-j

Valency pattern: GEN_SUPER.LAT
X: GEN
Y: SUPER.LAT
Locus: XY
ali-b sːim b-iʔ.o-j enʃːu-w=ɡu woʃu-ʔo
pn - inan 1( gen ) anger[ inan 1][ nom ] inan 1-come. pst - pf rfl . obl . m - m ( gen )= emph boy. obl - super . lat
‘Ali was upset by his son.’

Arabic (Northern Syrian) nzaʕaǧ

Valency pattern: SBJ_men
X: SBJ
Y: men
Locus: Y
Aḥmad nzaʕaǧ mən əbn-u
pn be_upset. pf .3 m from son- poss .3 m
‘Ahmad got upset with his son.’

Arabic (South Levantine, Nazareth) *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Arabic (standard) taɁallama

Valency pattern: NOM_bisababiGEN
X: NOM
Y: bisababiGEN
Locus: Y
Badr-un taɁallama bi=sabab-i Ɂibn-i=hi
pn - nom be_sad. pf .3 m by=reason- gen son- gen = p .3 m . sg
‘Badr got upset because of his son.’

Archi pašman

Valency pattern: NOM_SUP.EL
X: NOM
Y: SUP.EL
Locus: Y
paša pašman i<w>tːi žu-n-uwwu laha-tːi-š
pn be.sad <1>become. pfv self. m - gen -1. ptcl child. obl - sup - el
‘Pasha got upset because of his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate (stative).

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic ləbba mapyəš

Valency pattern: BARE_men
X: BARE
Y: men
Locus: XY
ləbb=ət +Ašur muppəš-lə mən brun-u
heart( m )= rel pn leave. pst - ls .3 m from son( m )- p .3 m
‘Ashur got upset with his son.’

Avar pašmanɬize

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT7olo
X: NOM
Y: DAT7olo
Locus: Y
ʕali pašmanɬ-ana was-as-e ʕolo
pn be_sad- aor son- m . obl - dat for
‘Ali got upset with his son.’

Azerbaijani pərt olmaq

Valency pattern: NOM_DATLATgore
X: NOM
Y: DATLATgore
Locus: Y
Aslan oğlu-na gör-ǝ pǝrt ol-du
pn son. poss 3- dat / lat see- manner sad be(come)- pst (3)
‘Aslan got upset with his son.’
Note: görǝ functions as a postposition (‘because of’, ‘according to’).

Bafut lwǐ

Valency pattern: ntong_ni
X: ntong
Y: ni
Locus: XY
ntɔ̂ŋ àmbɛ́ ᵼ̀ kɨ̀ lwǐ nᵼ̀ mú jì m̀bàŋnᵼ̀
neck/ prep pn sm p 2 be_bitter with1 child his male
‘Ambe got upset with his son.’

Bambara dùsukasi

Valency pattern: SBJ_fe
X: SBJ
Y: fe
Locus: Y
Fùséni dùsukasi-len dòn à dén` fɛ̀.
pn sadden- ptcp . res cop . pres 3 sg child\ art by
‘Fuseyni is sad because of his child.’

Belarusian zasmucicca

Valency pattern: NOM_zzaGEN
X: NOM
Y: zzaGEN
Locus: Y
Alieś zasmuci-ŭ-sia z-za sv-ajho syn-a
pn [ nom . sg ] upset( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl from_on-behind one’s- gen . sg . m son- gen . sg
‘Ales got upset with his son.’

Budugh pert yıxhar

Valency pattern: NOM_LOCgure
X: NOM
Y: LOCgure
Locus: Y
aslan uga' duxor-a' güre pert saxha-ci
pn refl . loc son. obl - loc considering unhappy m .be. pf - aor
‘Aslan got upset with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Bulgarian ogorcha se

Valency pattern: SBJ_ot
X: SBJ
Y: ot
Locus: Y
Petar se ogorchi ot sin-a si
pn refl upset( pfv ). aor .3 sg from son- def . short . m . sg pro . refl . dat
‘Petar got upset with his son.’

Catalan enfadar-se

Valency pattern: SBJ_per.culpa
X: SBJ
Y: per.culpa
Locus: Y
en Pere es va enfad-ar per culpa del seu fill
def . sg . m pn ( m ) refl .3 sg be.3 sg . prs . ind angry- inf for fault( f ) of. def . sg . m poss .3. m . sg son( m )
‘Pere got upset because of his son.’

Chechen xalaxetta

Valency pattern: DAT_DATdoeha
X: DAT
Y: DATdoeha
Locus: XY
Islam-ana shie k'anta-na doeħa xalaxetta
pn - dat 3 sg . refl boy- dat because get_sad
‘Islam got upset because of his son.’

Chinese (Mandarin) xīnfán

Valency pattern: SBJ_yin
X: SBJ
Y: yin
Locus: Y
Zhāngsān yīn tā-érzi ér xīnfán
pn because_of he-son so upset
‘Zhangsan is upset because of his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Chirag ʡadab b-uχi

Valency pattern: ABS_GENqarri
X: ABS
Y: GENqarri
Locus: Y
ʡa̰le gal-la qar-r-i ʡadab uχ-ub-le
pn ( abs ) boy- gen top- obl - super upset ( m . sg )become: pf - aor - res . prs .3
‘Ali got upset because of his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate. "qarri" is a denominal postposition.

Croatian ostati razočaran

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Per-o je osta-o razočaran svoj-im sin-om
pn - nom . sg refl remain- part . perf . m . sg upset. part . pass . nom . m . sg one’s- ins . sg . m son- ins . sg
‘Pero got upset because of his son.’

Czech zarmoutit se

Valency pattern: NOM_nadINS
X: NOM
Y: nadINS
Locus: Y
Petr se nad syn-em zarmouti-l
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] refl . acc above son( m )- ins . sg sadden( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]
‘Petr got upset with his son.’

Danish blive vred

Valency pattern: SBJ_pa
X: SBJ
Y: pa
Locus: Y
Peter blev vred på sin søn
pn become. pst angry. c . sg on poss . refl . c . sg son( c )
‘Peter got upset with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Dargwa (Itsari) pašman-B-ih-araj

Valency pattern: ABS_bahandan
X: ABS
Y: bahandan
Locus: Y
Islam cin-na durħuˤ bahandan pašman-ih-ub
pn ( abs ) self- gen son( abs ) because_of disappointment-( m ) lv . pfv - aor
‘Islam got upset with his son.’

Dargwa (Kadar) ʁabundu-CL-ik-es / ʁabundu-CL-irk-es

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPER
X: NOM
Y: SUPER
Locus: Y
meħamad ʁabundu-0-ik-ib cuni-ja urši-li-ke
pn grieve- m -fall. pfv - pret self- gen boy- obl - super
‘Muhammad got upset with his son.’

Dargwa (Kaytag) abik:ulaqara

Valency pattern: DATLAT_bahnal
X: DATLAT
Y: bahnal
Locus: XY
Petja-j a-b-ik:-ul-aq-iv cinna urši bahna-l
pn - datlat neg - n -want- ipf : cv - caus . pf - aor (3) refl . sg . gen son reason. obl - erg
‘Petja got upset with his son.’

Dargwa (Kubachi)

Valency pattern: DAT_ERG
X: DAT
Y: ERG
Locus: X
gal-i sin-na juldaš-lidi-l a-b-ikː-an agaq-ul=saw
boy- dat refl . obl - gen friend- obl - erg neg -like. iprv - ptcp reach. pfv - pret = cop . m (3)
‘The boy got upset because of his friend.’

Dargwa (Tsudakhar) waˤʡaˤr b-iχ-iz/b-irχ-iz

Valency pattern: GEN_bahandan
X: GEN
Y: bahandan
Locus: XY
juldaš bahandan uršːi-la urč'i-li-z waˤʡaˤr b-iχ-ub
friend because boy- gen heart- obl - dat bad n -be. pfv - pret (3)
‘The boy got upset because of his friend.’
Note: The NP in the genitive displays some properties of a clause-level dependent.

Dargwa (Tsugni) b-amq'-i / b-umq'-i

Valency pattern: NOM_ERG
X: NOM
Y: ERG
Locus: Y
durħaˤ waˤ-ce χabar-li w-amq'-ur
boy bad- atr news- erg m -get_upset. pfv - pret (3)
‘The boy got upset because of bad news.’

Dutch teleurgesteld zijn

Valency pattern: SBJ_in
X: SBJ
Y: in
Locus: Y
Piet is teleur-ge-stel-d in zijn zoon
pn ( c ) cop .3 sg to.loss- ptcp -set- ptcp in poss . c .3 sg son( c )
‘Piet got upset because of his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate (passive).

Enets (Forest) baruu

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
modʲi kasa-jʔ kasa nʲe-xozo-da baruma
i man- nom . sg .1 sg man child- abl . sg - obl . sg .3 sg get_angry( pfv ).3 sg . s
‘My friend got upset with his son’.

English get upset

Valency pattern: SBJ_with
X: SBJ
Y: with
Locus: Y
Peter got upset with his son.

Estonian pahaseks saama

Valency pattern: NOM_GENpeale
X: NOM
Y: GENpeale
Locus: Y
Peeter sa-i oma poja peale pahase-ks
pn . sg . nom become- pst .3 sg poss . refl son. sg . gen at upset- transl
‘Peeter got upset with his son.’

Finnish suuttua

Valency pattern: NOM_ALL
X: NOM
Y: ALL
Locus: Y
Pekka suuttu-i poja-lle-en
pn . nom get.upset- pst .3 sg son- all - poss .3 sg
‘Pekka got upset with his son.’

French faire de la peine

Valency pattern: NDIR.OBJ_SBJ
X: NDIR.OBJ
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
le fils de Paul lui a fait de la peine
def . sg . m son( m ) of pn ( m ) he. dat have. prs .3 sg make. pst . ptcp . m of def . sg . f pain( f )
‘Paul’s son upset him.’

Gban mä̰ó … gà

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Zá̰ mä̰-ó ɛ́ gà ȁ nḭ̋ là
pn hair-inside 3 sg \ pst die[ pfv . hod ] s/he/it child on
‘Zan got upset with his son.’
Note: Not included in the database because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier.

Georgian gul-gat'exil-i da-Ø-rč-eb-a (FUT)

Valency pattern: NOM_GENgamo
X: NOM
Y: GENgamo
Locus: Y
p'et're-Ø važ-is gamo gul-gat'exil-i da-Ø-rč-a
pn - nom son- gen because heart-broken- nom prv :downward- s 3-stay- s 3 sg . pst
‘Petre got upset because of his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate (participle). Y is part of an adjunct and its expression can vary.

German sich aufregen

Valency pattern: NOM_uberACC
X: NOM
Y: uberACC
Locus: Y
Karl hat sich über sein-en Sohn aufgeregt
pn [ nom . sg ] have. prs .3 sg refl over his- m . acc . sg son[ acc . sg ] excite- ptcp 2
‘Karl was upset with his son.’

Hebrew (modern) hitatsben

Valency pattern: SBJ_al
X: SBJ
Y: al
Locus: Y
Pinχas hitatsben al ha ben ʃel-o
pn become.annoyed[ pst .3 sg . m ] on def son poss -3 sg . m
‘Pinchas got upset with his son.’

Hindi nārāz ho jānā

Valency pattern: DIR_ABL
X: DIR
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
Pratīk apn-e beṭe se nārāz ho gay-ā
pn ( m ). sg . dir own- m . sg . obl son( m ). sg . obl abl unsatisfied be go. pfv - m . sg
‘Prateek is upset with his son.’

Indonesian (standard) jengkel

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Abdul jengkel gara-gara putra-nya
pn angry misfortune~ rpl son-3 sg
‘Abdul got upset with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Irish bí trína chéile

Valency pattern: SBJ_de.dheascaibh
X: SBJ
Y: de.dheascaibh
Locus: Y
Bhí Pól trína chéile de_dheascaibh a mhac.
be. pst pn upset upset because_of poss .3 sg . m son
‘Pól got upset with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Italian dispiacersi

Valency pattern: SBJ_per
X: SBJ
Y: per
Locus: Y
Leo si è dispiacut-o per su-o figli-o
pn ( m ) refl aux .3 sg . prs regret. pst . ptcp - sg . m for poss .3 sg - sg . m son- sg . m
‘Leo got upset with his son.’

Karata pašmanɬaɬa

Valency pattern: NOM_sabale
X: NOM
Y: sabale
Locus: Y
ʕali pašmanɬ-e in-š:uw da waša sabaɬe
pn be_sad- pf refl - obl . m ptcl boy because_of
‘Ali got upset with his son.’

Kazakh renž-іp qal

Valency pattern: NOM_ushin
X: NOM
Y: ushin
Locus: Y
Petya öz ul-ï üšіn renž-іp qal-dï
pn one’s son- poss 3 because_of be_upset- cvb remain- pst 1.3 sg
‘Petya got upset because of his son.’

Khanty (Kazym) šŭmaλ’a jiti

Valency pattern: NOM_NOMpata
X: NOM
Y: NOMpata
Locus: Y
pet’a-j-en pǒχ-ǝλ pǎta šŭmaλ’a ji-s
pn - ep - poss .2 sg son- poss .3 sg because_of sad become- pst [3 sg ]
‘Petja got upset with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Khoekhoe ǀara

Valency pattern: SBJ_kha
X: SBJ
Y: kha
Locus: Y
Petru-b ge ǁî-b di ǀgôa-b ǀkha go ǀara
pn -3 m . sg decl 3-3 m . sg poss son-3 m . sg with rpst be_dissatisfied
‘Peter got upset with his son.’

Khwarshi q'ʷariła

Valency pattern: ABS_sabalana
X: ABS
Y: sabalana
Locus: Y
uža q'ʷari-ła-na gołe kad sabałana
son sad- vblz - pst . u aux . prs daughter because.of
‘The son got upset with the daughter.’

Komi-Zyrian шогö усьны

Valency pattern: NOM_ponda
X: NOM
Y: ponda
Locus: Y
Петя шог-ӧ ус-и-с пи-ыс понда
pn grief- ill wall- pret -3 son- p .3 sg because_of
‘Petja got upset with his son.’

Kpelle (Guinean) *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Kryz (Alik) pert xhiyic

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
terlan ug gada-z güre pert xhiy-id
pn refl . m ( gen ) boy- dat considering irritated be. pfv - aor . m
‘Terlan got upset with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kryz (Ismayilli) pert xhayic

Valency pattern: NOM_INESSucucaar
X: NOM
Y: INESSucucaar
Locus: Y
aslan ugura duxar-a ucucaʕar pert xhay-id
pn m . refl . gen son. obl - iness because upset be. pf - aor . m
‘Aslan got upset with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kryz (proper) pert xhiyic

Valency pattern: NOM_gura
X: NOM
Y: gura
Locus: Y
aslan ug duxar güra pert xhi-yid
pn refl . m son. gen considering upset be. pf - aor . m
‘Aslan got upset with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kumyk göngü čɨqmaq

Valency pattern: GEN_ABL
X: GEN
Y: ABL
Locus: XY
musa-nɨ ulan-ɨn-dan göng-ü čɨq-d-ɨ
pn - gen child-3 sg - abl soul-3 sg go- pst -3 sg
‘Musa got upset with his son.’

Kurdish (Sorani) narâhet bûn

Valency pattern: SBJ.INTR_le
X: SBJ.INTR
Y: le
Locus: Y
Hîwa le kur̂-eke=î nar̂ahet-e
pn from boy- def =3 sg . pc upset-be. prs .3 sg
‘Hiwa got upset with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) aciz bûn (intr)

Valency pattern: SBJ.INTR_jiOBL
X: SBJ.INTR
Y: jiOBL
Locus: Y
zilam ji kur-ê xwe aciz bû
man from son- ez . m self upset be. pfv .3 sg
‘The man was upset with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Lak (Quba)

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPEL
X: NOM
Y: SUPEL
Locus: Y
Maħammad qːuma la<w>g-und-i ca-l-a ars-na-j-a
pn sad <1>become- aor -3 p self. obl .1- gen -1. ptcl son- obl - sup - el
‘Mohammad got upset with his son.’

Latin maereo

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
reg-e consumpt-o maere-t pleb-es ignav-o dolor-e
king( m )- abl . sg kill. prf . ptcp . pass - abl . sg . m mourn[ prs . ind ]- act .3 sg folk( f )- nom . sg fruitless- abl . sg . m pain( m )- abl . sg
‘With the death of the king, the folk mourns with exhausting grief.’
Note: (Plin. NH 11, 64)

Laz gur-iš o-kt-ap-a

Valency pattern: DAT_ABL
X: DAT
Y: ABL
Locus: XY
Käzim-i-s be(r)e-muš-išen gu(r)-i g-Ø-ä-kt-u
pn - b - dat child- poss 3- abl heart- nom prv - io 3- ver : r -turn- s 3 sg . pst
‘Käzim got upset because of his child.’

Lezgian (Yargun) hayifar jen

Valency pattern: DAT_DATgure
X: DAT
Y: DATgure
Locus: XY
Sahib-a-z viç-i-n gada-di-z güre hayif-ar xha-na
pn - obl - dat self- obl - gen son- obl - dat because_of regret- pl become. pfv - aor
‎‎‎‘Sahib got upset with his son.’

Macedonian se ogorči

Valency pattern: SBJ_od
X: SBJ
Y: od
Locus: Y
Petar se ogorči od svoj-ot sin
pn refl upset( pfv ). aor .3 sg from one’s- art . m . sg son
‘Petar got upset with his son.’

Maltese

Valency pattern: SBJ_minhabba
X: SBJ
Y: minhabba
Locus: Y
Ġwanni ħa kedda minħabba ibnu
pn take. pf . m .3 sg worry because.of son. poss . m .3 sg
‘Ġwanni got upset because of his son.’

Maninka (Eastern) nílafìn

Valency pattern: SBJ_fe
X: SBJ
Y: fe
Locus: Y
Sékù nílafìn-nin Fónba fɛ̀.
pn sadden- ptcp . res pn by
‘Seku is sad because of Fomba.’

Mano lé pā

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
ŋ̄ lé āà pā ī ŋwɛ́ŋ̀
1 sg mouth 3 sg . prf fill 2 sg because.of
‘I have got upset because of you.’ (Lit. ‘My mouth has filled because of you.’)
Note: Not included in the database because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier.

Mansi (Northern) *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Mehweb pašman -uhes

Valency pattern: NOM_NOMbahandaje
X: NOM
Y: NOMbahandaj
Locus: Y
Islam pašman uh-ub sune-la-l urši bahandaje
pn strange m .become: pfv - aor self. obl - gen - emph son because
‘Islam got upset with his son.’

Mingrelian gonč'q'orel-i Ø-sk'id-un-Ø (PRS)

Valency pattern: ERG_ABL
X: ERG
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
čelo-k mangar gorč'q'orel-k ku-do-Ø-sk'id-(u) muš sk'ua-še(n)
pn - erg great upset- erg aff - prv - s 3-remain- s 3 sg . pst refl . poss child- abl
‘Chelo got greatly upset with his child.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate (participle). Y is part of an adjunct and its expression can vary.

Nanai *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Petia do-ni orki-la o-či-ni mənə piktə-i turgun-ǯiə-ni
pn inside- p .3 sg bad- adv become- pst - p .3 sg refl child- p . refl . sg reason- abl - p .3 sg
‘Petia’s mood got down because of his son.’
Note: Not included in the database because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier.

Nivkh *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Norwegian Bokmål å gjøre bedrøvet

Valency pattern: DO_SBJ
X: DO
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
sønn-en gjor-de Per bedrøve-t
son- def . m . sg make- pst pn upset- ptcp
‘Per got upset with his son.’

Oromo (West Central) aara

Valency pattern: NOM_LOC
X: NOM
Y: LOC
Locus: Y
obsaa-n ilma isaa-tti aar-e
pn - nom son. abs 3 sg . m . poss - loc get_upset-3 sg . m . pfv
‘Obsa got upset with his son.’

Persian nārāḥat šodan

Valency pattern: NOM_azNOM
X: NOM
Y: azNOM
Locus: Y
ahmad az pesar-aš nārāḥat šod
pn from son- encl .3 sg anxious become. pst .3 sg
‘Ahmad got upset with his son.’

Polish zasmucić się

Valency pattern: NOM_z.powoduGEN
X: NOM
Y: z.powoduGEN
Locus: Y
Michał zasmuci-ł się z powod-u syn-a
pn [ nom . sg ] upset: pfv - pst [ m .3 sg ] refl from reason- gen . sg son- gen . sg
‘Michał got upset with his son.’

Portuguese (Brazilian) decepcionar-se

Valency pattern: SBJ_com
X: SBJ
Y: com
Locus: Y
Pedro se decepcion-ou com seu filho
pn ( m ) refl get_upset-3 sg . pst with poss .3. m son( m )
‘Pedro got upset with his son.’

Romani (Kalderash) *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Russian ogorčitʹsja

Valency pattern: NOM_izzaGEN
X: NOM
Y: izzaGEN
Locus: Y
Pet-ja ogorči-l-sja iz-za svo-ego syn-a
pn ( m )- nom . sg upset( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]- refl from-behind one’s- m . gen . sg son( m )- gen . sg
‘Petja got upset with his son.’

Rutul (Kina) pašmal jišir

Valency pattern: NOM_SUP.EL
X: NOM
Y: SUP.EL
Locus: Y
rasul pašmal jiši-r ǯʲu-du duxar-ɨ-la
pn ( nom ) sad 1.become. pfv - cvb self. m . obl - attr son- obl ( sup )- el
‘Rasul got upset because of his son.’

Rutul (Mukhad) χatir adgın

Valency pattern: DAT_SUPEREL
X: DAT
Y: SUPEREL
Locus: XY
murad-ı-s duχar-ııla χatir adgı-ri
pn - obl - dat son. obl - superel consideration n .remain. pf - aor
‘Murad got upset with his son.’

Rutul (Shinaz) fikɨr v-iši-n

Valency pattern: DAT_ATTR
X: DAT
Y: ATTR
Locus: XY
basir-ɨs fikɨr v-iši-r a džu-du duχar-dɨ
pn - dat thought( a ) a -be. pf - seq exist refl . obl - attr son. obl - attr
‘Basir got upset with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Rutul (Southern) qhaˤl laˤvç'uˤn

Valency pattern: DAT_ATTRbadanne
X: DAT
Y: ATTRbadanne
Locus: XY
murad-ı-s duxar-dı badanne qhaˤl laˤvç'uˤ-r
pn - obl - dat son. obl - attr for anger( a ) a .climb. pf - aor
‘Murad got upset with his son.’

Saami (Skolt) suttõõđškueʹtted

Valency pattern: NOM_GENool
X: NOM
Y: GENool
Locus: Y
Peâtt suttõõđ-škuõʹđ-i suu pääʹrn ool
pn . sg . nom get.upset- inch - pst .3 sg 3 sg . gen son. sg . gen onto
‘Pete got upset with his son.’

Serbian rastužiti se

Valency pattern: NOM_zbogGEN
X: NOM
Y: zbogGEN
Locus: Y
Petar se rastuži-o zbog sv-og sin-a
pn . nom . sg refl upset- part . perf . m . sg because.of one’s- gen . sg . m son- gen . sg
‘Petar got upset because of his son.’

Shughni xafā čīdow

Valency pattern: NOM.CL_INS
X: NOM.CL
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Šamil xu puc=qati xafā čūd
pn refl son= ins upset do. pst
‘Shamil got upset with his son.’

Slovak rozčúliť sa

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Peter sa rozčúli-l na svoj-ho syn-a
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] refl . acc sadden( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] on one's- m . acc . sg son( m )- acc . sg
‘Peter got upset with his son.’

Slovenian biti potrt

Valency pattern: NOM_zaradiGEN
X: NOM
Y: zaradiGEN
Locus: Y
An-a je bi-l-a potrt-a zaradi sin-a
pn - nom . sg aux .3 sg be- lpt - f . sg depressed- nom . f . sg because_of son- gen . sg
‘Ana got upset because of ther son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate (passive participle).

Spanish afligirse

Valency pattern: SBJ_por.culpa.de
X: SBJ
Y: por.culpa.de
Locus: Y
Pedro se afligi-ó por culpa de su hijo
pn [ sg . m ] refl .3 sg upset- aor .3 sg for fault[ sg . f ] from one’s[ sg . m ] son[ sg . m ]
‘Pedro got upset because of his son.’

Svan gwi-Ø x-e-k'wšin-i (PRS)

Valency pattern: DAT_GENguga
X: DAT
Y: GEN_guga
Locus: XY
maizer-s miča č'q'int'-i guγa gwi-Ø lä-x-k'wäš
pn - dat poss 3 boy- gen because heart- nom prv : slightly - io 3-hurt
‘Maizer got upset with his son’ (lit. ‘Maizer got his heart hurt because of his boy’).

Swedish att bli upprörd

Valency pattern: SBJ_pa
X: SBJ
Y: pa
Locus: Y
Björn blev upprör-d på sin son
pn become. pst upset- ptcp . c . sg on poss . refl . c . sg son
‘Björn got upset with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate (passive).

Tabasaran (Kandyk)

Valency pattern: DAT_CONT.ELAT
X: DAT
Y: CONT.ELAT
Locus: XY
daši.ji-z ča-n bal-k-an derd ʁa-b-x-nu
mother- dat refl ( sg )- gen boy- cont - elat sadness pf - n . sg -become- pst
‘The mother got upset with his son.’

Tagalog sumama

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
s<um>ama ang loob ni Pedro sa kaniya-ng anak
< av > ipfv .get_bad subj feelings pers . gen pn dat 3. sg . dat - lin son
‘Pedro got upset with his son.’ (Lit. ‘Pedro’s feelings at his son got bad.’)
Note: Not included in the database because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier.

Telugu bādhapaḍu

Valency pattern: NOM_OBLvalla
X: NOM
Y: OBLvalla
Locus: Y
pravīṇ tana koḍuku valla bādhapaḍḍāḍu
pn ( m ). sg . nom own son( m ). sg . obl by suffer. pst .3 sg . m
‘Praveen got upset because of his son.’

Tsakhur dehserхhay

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPERalla
X: NOM
Y: SUPERalla
Locus: Y
murad duхa-yl alla dehser-хha
pn son. obl - super about disturbed-( m )be. pf
‘Murad got upset with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Tswana tshwenyega

Valency pattern: SBJ_ka
X: SBJ
Y: ka
Locus: Y
Kitso o-tshweny-eg-il-e ka mo-rwa-we
prn (1) s i :cl1-worry- decaus - prf - fv ins sg -son(1)-adp i :cl1
‘Kitso is concerned about his child’

Turkish üzülmek

Valency pattern: NOM_GENuzunden
X: NOM
Y: GENuzunden
Locus: Y
Mehmet oğl-u yüzünden üzül-dü
pn son- p .3 because_of be_upset- pst
‘Mehmet got upset because of his son.’

Turoyo mətwər leb-

Valency pattern: BARE_m
X: BARE
Y: m
Locus: XY
Šabo twir leb-e m-i ḥale d-u abro
pn be_broken. pfv .3 m heart( m )- p .3 m from- art . f situation( f ) rel - art . m son
‘Shabo got upset because of the situation with his son.’

Twi bo fu

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Kofi bo fu-u ne babarima
pn breast swell- pst 3 sg . poss son
‘Kofi got upset with his son.’
Note: Not included in the database because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. Arguably, this sentence literally means ‘Kofi’s breast got swollen (at) his son’. See (Christaller 1933: 29, 142)

Udi dirxor bak

Valency pattern: ABS_GENderden
X: ABS
Y: GENderden
Locus: Y
David iz ğar-e dərden dirxor=e bak-i
pn self. gen son- gen because_of upset=3 sg become- aor
‘David got upset with his son.’

Udmurt ǯože uśi̮ni̮

Valency pattern: NOM_INSseren
X: NOM
Y: INSseren
Locus: Y
Pet'a pi-jen-i̮z seren ǯože us-iz
pn . nom son- ins - poss .3 sg because_of upset fall- pst .3 sg
‘Petja became upset because of his son.’

Ukrainian zasmutytysja

Valency pattern: NOM_cerezACC
X: NOM
Y: cerezACC
Locus: Y
Petr-o zasmuty-v-sja čerez syn-a
pn ( m )- nom . sg upset( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]- refl through son( m )- acc . sg
‘Petro got upset with his son.’

Ulcha *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Uzbek xafa bo’lmoq

Valency pattern: NOM_deb
X: NOM
Y: deb
Locus: Y
Petya o’ɣl-i de-b xafa bo’l-di
pn son- poss .3 sg say- cvb sad be- pst .3 sg
‘Petja got upset with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Wolof jaaxle

Valency pattern: SBJ_ndax
X: SBJ
Y: ndax
Locus: Y
Usmaan dafa jaaxle ndax doom-am
pn f oc v .s i :3 sg worry because.of child( j )- poss :3 sg
‘Usmaan is concerned about his child’

Yukaghir (Northern) *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
tudǝ uo-ɣаt Sǝmiǝn čundǝ-gi kǝriǝ-j
3 sg . poss child- abl pn thought- poss .3 fall- intr .3 sg
‘Semien got upset with his son.’
Note: Not included in the database because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier.

Zazaki

Valency pattern: SBJ.INTR_ver.PSTP
X: SBJ.INTR
Y: ver.PSTP
Locus: Y
o kɛwt lad͡z-e xo vɛr
3 sg . m . abs fall. pst son- ez . m refl front
‘He got upset because of his son.’