BivalTyp

Лаборатория типологического изучения языков    Институт лингвистических исследований РАН

‘forget’

Argument frame: X (forget) (about) Y
Stimulus sentence: (P. had already visited this town and knew that there is a shorter road. When he went there once again this time, however, he chose the longer road.) P. forgot (about) the other road .
Predicate label Ru: забывать
Argument frame Ru: X (забывать) об Y
Stimulus sentence Ru: (П. однажды уже ездил в этот город и знал, что туда есть более короткая дорога. Но сейчас он поехал туда снова и выбрал более длинную). П. забыл о другой дороге .

Abaza [q-]aštəl

Valency pattern: LOCq_ABS
X: LOCq
Y: ABS
Locus: X
murád jəʕʷbaχəwz a-mʕʷa j-q-áštəl-(χ-)ṭ
pn second def -road 3 sg . m . io - loc -forget( aor )-( re )- dcl
‘Murad forgot about the other road.’

Adyghe šʼə-ʁʷəpše

Valency pattern: LOC_ABS
X: LOC
Y: ABS
Locus: X
č̣ʼale-m adre–ʁʷegʷə-r šʼə-ʁʷəpša-ʁ
парень- obl другой–дорога- abs loc -забыть- pst
‘Парень забыл о другой дороге.’

Aghul k’ʷal-as š.u-

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
aslan.a-s saje reqː k’ʷal-as š.u-ne
pn - dat other road in.memory- elat leave. pf - aor
‘Aslan forgot about the other road.’

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic manšə

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
yala munšiyy-o=l crita urxa
boy( m ) forget. res . m - p .3 f =3 m short. f way( f )
‘The boy forgot about the other road.’

Bambara ɲìnɛ

Valency pattern: SBJ_ko
X: SBJ
Y: ko
Locus: Y
Sékù ɲìnɛ-na síra surun` kɔ́
pn forget- pfv . intr road short\ art behind
‘Seku forgot the short road.’

Brazilian Portuguese esquecer-se

Valency pattern: SBJ_de
X: SBJ
Y: de
Locus: Y
Pedro se esquec-eu do outr-o caminho
pn ( m ) refl forget-3 sg . pst of+ def . m other- m way( m )
‘Pedro forgot about the other way.’

Catalan oblidar

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
en Pere va oblid-ar l'altre camí
def . sg . m pn ( m ) go.3 sg . prs . ind forget- inf def . sg . m -other. sg . m road( m )
‘Pere forgot (about) the other road.’

Czech zapomenout

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Petr zapomně-l na tu druh-ou cest-u
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] forget( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] on that. f . acc . sg other- f . acc . sg road( f )- acc . sg
‘Petr forgot about that other road.’

Danish glemme

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Peter arbejde-de og glem-te tid-en
pn work- pst and forget- pst time( c )- def . sg
‘Peter worked and forgot about the time.’

Dutch vergeten

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Piet is de ander-e weg verget-en
pn (С) cop .3 sg art . def . c other- c road( c ) forget- ptcp
‘Piet forgot (about) the other road.’

Eastern Maninka ɲìna

Valency pattern: SBJ_la
X: SBJ
Y: la
Locus: Y
̀Sékù bára ɲìna síla sudun` ná.
pn prf forget road short\ art at
‘Seku has forgotten the short road.’

English forget

Valency pattern: SBJ_about
X: SBJ
Y: about
Locus: Y
Peter forgot about the other road.

Estonian unustama

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: GEN~PART~NOM
Locus: TR
Peeter unusta-s teise tee
pn . sg . nom forget- pst .3 sg other. sg . gen road. sg . gen
‘Peeter forgot the other road.’

Finnish unohtaa

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: GEN~PART~NOM
Locus: TR
Pekka unoht-i toisen tie-n
pn . nom forget- pst .3 sg second. gen road- gen
‘Pekka forgot about the other road.’

Forest Enets dʲurota

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
modʲi kasa-jʔ nɛko nɔi-ta sɛxɛri-da dʲurota-bi-za
i man- nom . sg .1 sg other be_straight( ipfv )- ptcp . sim road- obl . sg .3 sg forget( pfv )- prf -3 sg . so sg
‘My friend forgot about another, straight road’.

French oublier

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Paul a oublié qu’ il existe un autre chemin
pn ( m ) have. prs .3 sg forget. pst . ptcp . m that it exist. prs .3 sg indf . sg . m other. sg . m road( m )
‘Paul forgot that there was another road.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed in a dependent clause. The transitive construction ("Paul a oublié l'autre chemin, plus proche") would have a differenr meaning (he forgot the specific way and was unable to follow the shorter road).

Georgian Ø-a-vic'q'-d-eb-a (PRS)

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
p'et're-s sxva-Ø gza-Ø da-Ø-a-vic'q'-d-a
pn - dat other- nom way- nom prv :downward- io 3- ver : sup -forget- intr - s 3 sg . pst
‘Petre forgot the other road.’

German vergessen

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Karl vergaß den ander-en Weg
pn [ nom . sg ] forget. pst .3 sg def . m . acc . sg another- m . acc . sg road[ acc . sg ]
‘Karl forgot about the other road.’

Irish déan dearúd

Valency pattern: SBJ_ar
X: SBJ
Y: ar
Locus: Y
Dhein Pól dearúd air an mbóthar eile.
pst /make pn oblivion on def road other
‘Pól forgot (about) the other road.’

Italian dimenticarsi

Valency pattern: SBJ_di
X: SBJ
Y: di
Locus: Y
Leo si è dimenticat-o dell’ altr-a strad-a
pn ( m ) refl aux .3 sg . prs forget. pst . ptcp - sg . m of. def . sg . f other- sg . f road- sg . f
‘Leo forgot about the other road.’

Kalderash Romani bystrəl

Valency pattern: NOM_pa
X: NOM
Y: pa
Locus: Y
o Murš-a bystər-ď-a pa kod-o drom
art . m . dir . sg pn - nom . sg forget- pst -3 sg with that- m . dir . sg road[ nom . sg ]
‘Murša forgot about the other road.’

Kazakh umït

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Petya basqa žol-dï umït-tï
pn other way- acc forget- pst 1.3 sg
‘Petya forgot about the other road.’

Kazym Khanty jŏrԑmǝti

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
pet’a-j-en wan jǫš-ǝλ jŏrԑmǝ-s-λe
pn - ep - poss .2 sg short road- poss .3 sg forget- pst -3 sg . so
‘Petja forgot about the short road.’

Khwarshi

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
ilu-l bit'ura-l huni šuƛ'a-na
1 pl - dat правильный- iv дорога( iv ) забывать- pst . u
‘Мы забыли правильную дорогу.’

Kina Rutul jik’ijla upχur

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
rasulɨ-s tin-baj-dɨ raˀq jik’ij-la u<p>χu-r
pn . obl - dat that- contr - attr road( nom ) heart. obl ( sup )- el <3> lv . pfv - cvb
‘Rasul forgot about the other road.’

Latin obliviscor

Valency pattern: NOM_GEN
X: NOM
Y: GEN
Locus: Y
est enim propri-um stultiti-ae ali-orum viti-a cernere, oblivisc-i su-orum
be. prs . ind . act .3 sg indeed own- nom . sg . n foolishness( f )- dat . sg other- gen . pl . m vice( n )- acc . pl notice[ prs ]- inf . act forget[ prs ]- inf . act one’s_own- gen . pl . n
‘For it is characteristic to foolishness to notice the vices of others and to forget its own.’
Note: (Cic. Tusc. 3, 73)

Mandarin Chinese wàngjì

Valency pattern: SUB_ba
X: SBJ
Y: ba
Locus: Y
Zhāngsān lìng yì-tiáo wàngjì le
pn ba another one- clf road forget pfv
‘Zhangsan forgot (about) the other road.’
Note: The status of the "bǎ"-construction is controversial.

Mingrelian Ø-o-č'q'or-d-un-Ø (PRS)

Valency pattern: DAT_ERG
X: DAT
Y: ERG
Locus: X
čelo-s šxva šara-k ga-Ø-a-č'q'or-d-(u).
pn - dat other road- erg prv - io 3- ver : sup -forget- intr - s 3 sg . pst
‘Chelo forgot the other road.’

Modern Hebrew ʃaχaχ

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ʃaχaχ et ha dereχ ha aχeret
pn forget[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def road def other
‘Pinchas forgot (about) the other road.’

Nanai oŋbo-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
Petia goj-ǯema pokto-wa oŋbo-xa-ni
pn other- restr road- obl forget- pst - p .3 sg
‘Petia forgot about the other road.’

Nivkh tχar̥pəd

Valency pattern: SBJ_INS
X: SBJ
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Kaskazik hu cif-kir̥ tχar̥pə-d
pn close . dem road- ins forget- ind
‘Kaskazik forgot about the other road.’

Northern Mansi xotjoruwlaslum

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
am l’ōŋx-um xot-joruwl-as-l-um
i road- poss .1 sg pfv -forget- pst -3 sg . o -1 sg . s
‘I forgot the road.’

Northern Yukaghir janaspǝjrǝ=

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Sǝmiǝn wiǝ-n jаwul-ǝ jаnаspǝ-j-rǝ-m
pn other- gen road- acc aff forget- pf - caus - tr .3 sg
‘Semien forgot the other road.’

Norwegian Bokmål å glemme

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Per hadde glem-t snarvei-en
pn have. pst forget- ptcp shortcut- def . m . sg
‘Per forgot about the shortcut.’

Polish zapomnieć

Valency pattern: NOM_oLOC
X: NOM
Y: oLOC
Locus: Y
Basi-a zapomnia-ł-a o t-ej drodz-e
pn - nom . sg forget: pfv - pst - f .3 sg about this- f . loc . sg road- loc . sg
‘Basia forgot about that road.’

Russian zabytʹ

Valency pattern: NOM_oLOC
X: NOM
Y: oLOC
Locus: Y
Pet-ja zaby-l o drug-oj dorog-e
pn ( m )- nom . sg forget( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] about other- f . loc . sg road( f )- loc . sg
‘Petja forgot about the other road.’

Serbian zaboraviti

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Petar je zaboravi-o na drug-i put
pn . nom . sg be. prs .3 sg forget- part . perf . m . sg on other- acc . sg . m road. acc . sg
‘Petar forgot about the other road.’

Shughni rinīx̌tow

Valency pattern: NOM_EL
X: NOM
Y: EL
Locus: Y
Azim=i as wi yiga půnd rinūx̌-t
pn =3 sg el d 3. m . sg . obl another road forget- pst
‘Azim forgot about the other road.’

Skolt Saami väjldõõvvâd

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Peâtt väjldõõʹv-i tõn nuuʹbb čuõkku
pn . sg . nom forget- pst .3 sg dist . sg . acc other. sg . acc road. sg . acc
‘Pete forgot (about) the other road.’

Slovak zabudnúť

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Peter zabudo-l na druh-ú cest-u
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] forget( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] on other- f . acc . sg road( f )- acc . sg
‘Peter forgot about that other road.’

Slovenian pozabiti

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Peter je pozabi-l na pot
pn [ nom . sg ] aux .3 sg forget: pfv - lpt [ m . sg ] on road[ acc . sg ]
‘Peter forgot about the road.’

Sorani Kurdish lebir̂ cûnewe

Valency pattern: EXT_SBJ
X: EXT
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
Hîwa rê kurt-eke=î le bîr çot-Ø-ewe
pn road short- def =3 sg . pc from thought go. pst -3 sg - asp
‘Hiwa forgot about the shorter road.’
Note: The OBL.3SG morpheme indexes the non-canonical subject of a clausal expression of possession, emotion or cognition (in any tense). Lit. ≈ ‘The road is gone from my memory’.

Spanish olvidar

Valency pattern: DO_SBJ
X: DO
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
a Pedro se lo/le olvid-ó el otr-o camino
dir . obj . anm pn [ sg . m ] refl .3 sg he. dir . obj forget- aor .3 sg art . def . sg . m other- sg . m road[ sg . m ]
‘Pedro forgot about the other way.’

Swedish att glömma bort

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Björn ha-de glöm-t bort den andr-a väg-en
pn have. pst forget- sup away def . c . sg other- weak way- def . c . sg
‘Björn had forgotten about the other road.’
Note: Phrasal verb (bort is not a flagging device).

Tagalog

Valency pattern: ACT_LOC
X: ACT
Y: LOC
Locus: Y
Na-ka-limut-an ni Pedro ang iba pa-ng daan
potpv - com . pfv -forget- lv pers . gen pn subj other clitic- lin way
‘Pedro forgot about the other road.’
Note: ??? Can you change the voice and turn Pedro into the subject here? ??? Think about the COM marker. RG was not sure about the analysis of this structure.

Telugu māracipōvu

Valency pattern: NOM_OBLgurinci
X: NOM
Y: OBLgurinci
Locus: Y
pravīṇ vērē rōḍḍu guriṁci māracipōyāḍu
pn ( m ). sg . nom other road( n ). sg . obl about forget. pst .3 sg . m
‘Praveen forgot about the other road.’

Turkish unutmak

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Mehmet diğer yol-u unut-tu
pn other way- acc forget- pst
‘Mehmet forgot about the other road’.

Ulcha oŋbo-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
xusə piktə goj pokto-wo oŋbo-xo-ni
male child other way- acc forget- pst -3 sg
‘The boy forgot about the other road.’

Uzbek esdan čiqarvolmoq

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Petya bošqa yo’l-ni es-dan čiqarvol-di
pn another road- acc memory- abl go_out- pst .3 sg
‘Petja forgot about the other road.’

West Central Oromo irraanfata

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ABS
Locus: TR
obsaa-n karaa isa kan biraa irraanfat-ee dʒir-a
pn - nom road. abs 3 sg . m . abs of other. gen forget- pfv . conv aux -3 sg . m . npst
‘Obsa forgot the other road.’

Zilo Andi retʃː.o-j

Valency pattern: AFF_NOM
X: AFF
Y: NOM
Locus: X
ali-<b>o se-b=lo miqχ’i retʃː.o-j
pn - aff < inan 1> one- inan 1= add road[ inan 1][ nom ] forget. pst - pf
‘Ali forgot about the other road.’