‘flatter’
| Argument frame: |
X
(flatter)
Y
|
| Stimulus sentence: |
(
P.
tells M. that she is very beautiful.)
P.
is flattering
M
.
|
| Predicate label Ru: |
льстить
|
| Argument frame Ru: |
X
(льстить)
Y
-у
|
| Stimulus sentence Ru: |
(П. говорит М., что она очень красивая).
П.
льстит
М
.
|
Abaza
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
|
*
|
| * |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Adyghe (West Circassian)
nepc̣əč̣ʼe šʼə-tχʷə
|
Valency pattern:
ABS_LOC
|
| X: ABS |
| Y: LOC |
| Locus: Y |
| č̣ʼale-r |
pŝaŝe-m |
ne.pc̣ə-č̣ʼe |
šʼ-e-tχʷə |
|
guy-
abs
|
girl-
obl
|
false-
ins
|
loc
-
dyn
-praise
|
| ‘The guy is flattering the girl.’ |
Aghul
qːele-jar jarʜ.a-
|
Valency pattern:
ERG_DAT
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| aslan.a |
ruš.a-s |
qːele-jar |
jarʜ.a-a |
|
pn
(
erg
)
|
girl-
dat
|
flattery-
pl
|
srike.
ipf
-
prs
|
| ‘Aslan is flattering the girl.’ |
Alik Kryz
yaltaxlanmiş xhiy-ic
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| terlan |
leyla-z |
yaltaxlanmiş |
şe-re |
|
pn
|
pn
-
dat
|
flatter
|
be.
ipf
-
prs
|
| ‘Terlan is flattering Leyla.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Archi
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
|
*
|
| ‘*’ |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
maxə məšxa
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_ka
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: ka |
| Locus: Y |
| yala |
mxay=ələ |
məšxa |
ka |
d-e |
brata |
|
boy(
m
)
|
beat.
prog
=3
m
|
fat(
m
)
|
to
|
obl
-
dem
4.
f
|
girl(
f
)
|
| ‘The boy is flattering this girl.’ |
| Note: Non-Urmi speaker. |
Azerbaijani
yaltaqlanmaq
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DATLAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DATLAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Aslan |
Leyla-ya |
yaltaqlan-ır |
|
pn
|
pn
-
dat
/
lat
|
flatter-
ipf
(3)
|
| ‘Aslan is flattering Leyla.’ |
Bambara
bálima
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Sékù |
bɛ́_kà |
Fántà |
bálima |
|
pn
|
prog
|
pn
|
flatter
|
| ‘Seku flatters Fanta.’ |
Brazilian Portuguese
bajular
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro |
bajul-a |
Maria |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
flatter-3
sg
.
prs
|
pn
(
f
)
|
| ‘Pedro is flattering Maria.’ |
Catalan
afalagar
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_amb
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: amb |
| Locus: Y |
| en |
Pere |
està |
afalag-ant |
amb |
la |
Maria |
|
def
.
sg
.
m
|
pn
(
m
)
|
be.3
sg
.
prs
.
ind
|
flatter-
ger
|
with
|
def
.
sg
.
f
|
pn
(
f
)
|
| ‘Pere is flattering Maria.’ |
Czech
lichotit
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Petr |
Michal-ovi |
lichotí |
|
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
pn
(
m
)-
dat
.
sg
|
flatter(
ipfv
).
prs
.3
sg
|
| ‘Petr is flattering Michal.’ |
Danish
smigre
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter |
smigre-r |
Marie |
|
pn
|
flatter-
prs
|
pn
|
| ‘Peter is flattering Marie.’ |
Dutch
vleien
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Piet |
vlei-t |
Marie |
|
pn
(
c
)
|
flatter-3
sg
|
pn
(
c
)
|
| ‘Piet is flattering Marie.’ |
Eastern Maninka
mátɔɔ
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Sékù |
yé |
Fántà |
mátɔɔ` |
lá. |
|
pn
|
be
|
pn
|
flatter\
art
|
at
|
| ‘Seku is flattering Fanta.’ |
English
flatter
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter |
is |
flattering |
Mary. |
|
|
|
|
| |
Estonian
meelitama
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_PART
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: PART |
| Locus: Y |
| Peeter |
meelita-b |
Mareti-t |
|
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
flatter-
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
-
sg
.
part
|
| ‘Peeter is flattering Maret.’ |
Finnish
imarella
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_PART
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: PART |
| Locus: Y |
| Pekka |
imartel-ee |
Lotta-a |
|
pn
.
nom
|
flatter-
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
-
part
|
| ‘Pekka is flattering Lotta.’ |
Forest Enets
naldur
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| modʲi |
kasa-jʔ |
nɛ-xo-da |
nalduŋa |
|
i
|
man-
nom
.
sg
.1
sg
|
woman-
dat
.
sg
-
obl
.
sg
.3
sg
|
fawn(
ipfv
).3
sg
.
s
|
| ‘My friend is fawning to his wife’. |
French
flatter
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Paul |
flatte |
Marie |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
flatter.
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
(
f
)
|
| ‘Paul is flattering Marie.’ |
Georgian
Ø-e-p'irper-eb-a (PRS)
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| p'et're-Ø |
mašo-s |
Ø-e-p'irper-eb-a |
|
pn
-
nom
|
pn
-
dat
|
io
3-
ver
:
r
-flatter-
sm
-
s
3
sg
.
inact
|
| ‘Petre is flattering Masho.’ |
German
schmeicheln
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Karl |
schmeichel-t |
Marie |
|
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
flatter-
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
[
dat
.
sg
]
|
| ‘Karl is flattering Marie.’ |
Icari Dargwa
гап=AGR=иркь-а-ца=AGR
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| Islam-il |
Madina |
gap=r=irq'-a-ca=r |
|
pn
-
erg
|
pn
.
abs
|
praise=
f
=do:
ipf
-
prs
-
cop
=
f
|
| ‘Islam is flattering Madina.’ |
Irish
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
|
*
|
| * |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Italian
lusingare
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Leo |
lusing-a |
Maria |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
flatter-3
sg
.
prs
|
pn
(
f
)
|
| ‘Leo is flattering Maria.’ |
Kalderash Romani
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
|
*
|
| * |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Kazakh
žaɣïmpazdan
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Petya |
Maša-ɣa |
žaɣïmpazdan-adï |
|
pn
|
pn
-
dat
|
flatter-
prs
2.3
sg
|
| ‘Petya is flattering Masha.’ |
Kazym Khanty
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
|
*
|
| * |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Khwarshi
ragłal l-uwa
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| rasul-i |
ħakime-l |
ragłal |
l-uj-ja |
|
pn
-
erg
|
boss(
i
)-
dat
|
good(
iv
)
|
iv
-make-
pst
.
w
|
| ‘Rasul has placated his boss.’ |
| Note: Not included in the database because the translation deviates too far from the stimulus sentence. |
Kina Rutul
rirzara
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| rasul-a |
samira |
r-irz-a-r=a |
|
pn
-
erg
|
pn
(
nom
)
|
2-praise.
ipfv
-
cvb
=be
|
| ‘Rasul is flattering Samira.’ |
| Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate. |
Kumyk
jarewkelik etmek
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| patimat |
musa-ʁa |
jarewke-lik |
et-e |
|
pn
|
pn
-
dat
|
flatterer-
nmlz
|
do-3
sg
|
| ‘Patimat is flattering Musa.’ |
Latin
blandior
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| (Falcidi-us) |
cur |
matr-i |
praeterea |
blandi-tur |
|
pn
(
m
)-
nom
.
sg
|
why
|
mother(
f
)-
dat
.
sg
|
besides
|
flatter[
prs
.
ind
]-
mid
.3
sg
|
| ‘Besides, why does he (Falcidius) flatter his mother in this way?’ |
| Note: (Cic. Pro Flacco, 92) |
Laz
o-mck-u
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Käzim-i-k |
Fatma-Ø |
Ø-o-mckv-am-s. |
|
pn
-
b
-
erg
|
pn
-
nom
|
do
3-
fact
-praise-
sm
-
s
3
sg
|
| ‘Käzim is flattering Fatma.’ |
Mandarin Chinese
tǎohǎo
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Zhāngsān |
zài |
tǎohǎo |
Lǐsì |
|
pn
|
prog
|
flatter
|
pn
|
| ‘Zhangsan is flattering Lisi.’ |
Mano
tɛ̀nɛ̄
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| kà |
wálà |
tɔ́ |
yīè |
tɛ̀nɛ̄ |
|
2
pl
.
sbjv
|
god
|
name
|
good
|
raise
|
| ‘Let's praise the good name of the God.’ |
Mingrelian
Ø-o-kut-ol-un-Ø (PRS)
|
Valency pattern:
ERG_DAT
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| čelo-Ø |
anučia-s |
Ø-o-kut-ol-un-Ø |
|
pn
-
nom
|
pn
-
dat
|
io
3-
ver
:
sup
-flatter-
r
.
ext
-
sm
-
s
3
sg
.
inact
|
| ‘Chelo is flattering Anuchia.’ |
Modern Hebrew
maχmi
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_le
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: le |
| Locus: Y |
| Pinχas |
maχmi |
le |
Menaχem |
|
pn
|
flatter[
ptcp
.
sg
.
m
]
|
to
|
pn
|
| ‘Pinchas is flattering Menachem.’ |
Mukhad Rutul
jirzin
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| murad-a |
majram |
rirze-re |
a |
|
pn
-
erg
|
pn
|
f
.
ipf
.praise-
simul
|
be_in
|
| ‘Murad is flattering Majram.’ |
| Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate. |
Nanai
ojban-
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| Petia |
Maša-ǯi |
ojban-ǯi-ni |
|
pn
|
pn
-
ins
|
fawn-
npst
-
p
.3
sg
|
| ‘Petia is fawning on Masha.’ |
| Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate. |
Nivkh
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
|
*
|
| * |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Northern Mansi
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
|
*
|
| * |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Northern Yukaghir
amučǝ ŋol=
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| Sǝmiǝn |
Əkulˈǝ-ŋinˈ |
аm-u-čǝ |
ŋol-а̄-l-ŋinˈ |
tа̄t |
mon-i |
|
pn
|
pn
-
dat
|
good-
stat
-
ptcl
|
be-
trnsf
-
nlzr
-
dat
|
so
|
say-
intr
.3
sg
|
| ‘To be (appear to be) good, Semien tells Akulina so.’ |
| Note: Not included in the database because the translation deviates too far from the stimulus sentence. |
Norwegian Bokmål
å smigre
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Per |
smigre-r |
Kari |
|
pn
|
flatter-
prs
|
pn
|
| ‘Per is flattering Kari.’ |
Polish
pochlebiać
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Sylwi-a |
pochlebia |
Anni-e |
|
pn
-
nom
.
sg
|
flatter:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
-
dat
.
sg
|
| ‘Sylwia is flattering Anna.’ |
Russian
lʹstitʹ
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Pet-ja |
lʹst-it |
Maš-e |
|
pn
(
m
)-
nom
.
sg
|
flatter(
ipfv
)-
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
(
f
)-
dat
.
sg
|
| ‘Petja is flattering Maša.’ |
Serbian
laskati
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Petar |
laska |
Marij-i |
|
pn
.
nom
.
sg
|
flatter.
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
-
dat
.
sg
|
| ‘Petar is flattering Maria.’ |
Shughni
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
|
|
|
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Skolt Saami
kuärggted
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peâtt |
kuärggat |
Määʹrj |
|
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
flatter.
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
.
sg
.
acc
|
| ‘Pete is flattering Maria’ |
Slovak
lichotiť
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Peter |
lichotí |
Mári-i |
|
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
flatter(
ipfv
).
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
(
f
)-
dat
.
sg
|
| ‘Peter is flattering Maria.’ |
Slovenian
se dobrika
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Katarin-a |
se |
dobrika |
An-i |
|
pn
-
nom
.
sg
|
rfl
|
flatter:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
-
dat
.
sg
|
| ‘Katarina is flattering Ana.’ |
Sorani Kurdish
sazkirdin
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Hîwa |
xerîk-e |
Perî-î |
saz-de-k-a |
|
pn
|
busy-be.
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
-
obl
|
making-
ind
-do.
prs
-3
sg
|
| ‘Hiwa is flattering Pari.’ |
Southern Rutul
kirtebı hıʔın
|
Valency pattern:
ERG_DAT
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| murad-a |
natig-ı-s |
kirte-bı |
haʔa-r |
|
pn
-
erg
|
pn
-
obl
-
dat
|
flattery-
pl
.
nom
|
(
n
)do.
ipf
-
indic
|
| ‘Murad is flattering Natig.’ |
Spanish
lisonjear
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro |
lisonje-a |
a |
María |
|
pn
[
sg
.
m
]
|
flatter-
prs
.3
sg
|
dir
.
obj
.
anm
|
pn
[
sg
.
f
]
|
| ‘Pedro is flattering Maria.’ |
Svan
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| maizer-Ø |
lile-s |
x-e-lmes-ieːl |
|
pn
-
nom
|
pn
-
dat
|
io
3-
ver
:
r
-praise-
vpl
|
| ‘Maizer flatters Lile.’ |
Swedish
att smickra
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Björn |
smickra-r |
Maja |
|
pn
|
flatter-
prs
|
pn
|
| ‘Björn is flattering Maja.’ |
Tagalog
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ACT |
| Y: UND |
| Locus: TR |
| B<in>o~bola |
ni |
Pedro |
si |
Maria |
|
<
pv
>
ipfv
~flatter
|
pers
.
gen
|
pn
|
pers
.
subj
|
pn
|
| ‘Pedro is flattering Maria.’ |
| Note: Alternative is a AV construction, also with a ACT_UND pattern (hence, SBJ & GEN), cf. “Pedro flattered someone/a girl” “Nambola si Pedro ng isang babae.”, where the girl gets GEN. But this is only possible with indefinite Y-arguments, not with a proper name. |
Telugu
poguḍu
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| pravīṇ |
madhuri-ni |
poguḍutunnāḍu |
|
pn
(
m
).
sg
.
nom
|
pn
(
f
).
sg
.
obl
-
acc
|
commend.
dur
.3
sg
.
m
|
| ‘Praveen is flattering Madhuri.’ |
Tsugni Dargwa
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
|
*
|
| * |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Turkish
pohpohlamak
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Mehmet |
Filiz-i |
pohpohlu-yor |
|
pn
|
pn
-
acc
|
flatter-
prs
|
| Mehmet is flattering Filiz. |
Ulcha
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
|
*
|
| * |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Uzbek
xušomadgo’ylamoq
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petya |
Maša-ni |
xušomadgo’yla-b |
tur-ib-ti |
|
pn
|
pn
-
acc
|
flatter-
cvb
|
stand-
prs
4-3
sg
|
| ‘Petja is flattering Maša.’ |
West Central Oromo
dʒadʒa
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| obsaa-n |
boontuu |
dʒadʒ-aa |
dʒir-a |
|
pn
-
nom
|
pn
.
abs
|
flatter-
prog
|
aux
-3
sg
.
m
.
npst
|
| ‘Obsa is flattering Bontu.’ |
Zilo Andi
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| pat’imati-di |
marjam |
j-etsːiqχ-o |
|
pn
-
erg
|
pn
[
f
][
nom
]
|
f
-praise-
hab
|
| ‘Patimat praises Mariam.’ |
| Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate. |
