‘find’
Argument frame: |
X
(find)
Y
|
Stimulus sentence: |
P.
found
his keys
.
|
Predicate label Ru: |
находить
|
Argument frame Ru: |
X
(находить)
Y
(-а)
|
Stimulus sentence Ru: |
П.
нашел
ключи
.
|
Abaza
ʕa-aw
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: ERG |
Y: ABS |
Locus: TR |
a-phʷə́spa |
a-c̣apχá |
ʕa-l-áw-d |
def
-girl
|
def
-key
|
cisl
-3
sg
.
f
.
erg
-find(
aor
)-
dcl
|
‘The girl found the key.’ |
Adyghe
ʁʷetə
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: ERG |
Y: ABS |
Locus: TR |
pŝaŝe-m |
wənč̣ʼəbze-xe-r |
q-ə-ʁʷetə-žʼə-ʁ |
девушка-
obl
|
ключ-
pl
-
abs
|
csl
-3
sg
.
erg
-найти-
re
-
pst
|
‘Девушка нашла ключи.’ |
Aghul
(qa-)ǯik’.i-
Valency pattern:
DAT_ABS
|
X: DAT |
Y: ABS |
Locus: X |
aslan.a-s |
güleg-ar |
(qa-)ǯik’.i-ne |
pn
-
dat
|
key-
pl
|
re
-find.
pf
-
aor
|
‘Aslan found his keys.’ |
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
mačəx
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
yala |
mučx-e-lə |
kdilə |
boy(
m
)
|
find.
pst
-
ss
(
o
).3
pl
-
ls
.3
m
|
key(
m
).
pl
|
‘The boy found the keys.’ |
Bambara
yé
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Sékù |
ye |
kónɲin` |
yé |
pn
|
pfv
.
tr
|
key\
art
|
see
|
‘Sekou found the key.’ |
Brazilian Portuguese
achar
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Pedro |
ach-ou |
a-s |
chave-s |
pn
(
m
)
|
find-3
sg
.
pst
|
def
.
f
-
pl
|
key(
f
)-
pl
|
‘Pedro found the keys.’ |
Catalan
trobar
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
en |
Pere |
va |
trob-ar |
les |
seves |
clau-s |
def
.
sg
.
m
|
pn
(
m
)
|
go.3
sg
.
prs
.
ind
|
find-
inf
|
def
.
pl
.
f
|
poss
.3.
f
.
pl
|
key(
f
)-
pl
|
‘Pere found his keys.’ |
Czech
najít
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Petr |
naše-l |
klíč-e |
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
find(
pfv
)-
pst
[
m
.
sg
]
|
key(
m
)-
acc
.
pl
|
‘Petr found his keys.’ |
Danish
finde
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Peter |
fandt |
sin-e |
nøgle-r |
pn
|
find.
pst
|
poss
.
refl
.
c
-
pl
|
key(
c
)-
pl
|
‘Peter found his keys.’ |
Dutch
vinden
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Piet |
heeft |
de |
sleutel-s |
ge-vond-en |
pn
(
c
)
|
have.3
sg
|
art
.
def
.
c
|
key(
c
)-
pl
|
ptcp
-find-
ptcp
|
‘Piet found the keys.’ |
Eastern Maninka
yé
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Sékù |
bára |
kóɲin` |
yé. |
pn
|
prf
|
key\
art
|
see
|
‘Seku has found the key.’ |
English
find
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Estonian
leidma
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
Locus: TR |
Peeter |
leid-is |
oma |
võtme-d |
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
find-
pst
.3
sg
|
poss
.
refl
|
key-
pl
.
nom
|
‘Peeter found his keys.’ |
Finnish
löytää
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
Locus: TR |
Pekka |
löy-si |
avaim-en |
pn
.
nom
|
find-
pst
.3
sg
|
key-
gen
|
‘Pekka found the key.’ |
Forest Enets
ko
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: OBL |
Locus: TR |
modʲi |
kasa-jʔ |
nɛɛ-da |
sɔjeeʔ |
koɔ-za |
i
|
man-
nom
.
sg
.1
sg
|
needle-
obl
.
sg
.3
sg
|
just_now
|
find(
pfv
)-3
sg
.
so
sg
|
‘My friend has just found his needle’. |
French
trouver
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Paul |
a |
trouvé |
ses |
clef-s |
pn
(
m
)
|
have.
prs
.3
sg
|
find.
pst
.
ptcp
.
m
|
one’s.
pl
|
key(
f
)-
pl
|
‘Paul found his keys.’ |
Georgian
Ø-p'o-ul-ob-s (PRS)
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: ERG |
Y: NOM |
Locus: TR |
p'et're-m |
gasaγeb-i |
Ø-i-p'ov-a |
pn
-
erg
|
key-
nom
|
s
3-
ver
:
s
-find-
s
3
sg
.
pst
|
‘Petre found his keys.’ |
German
finden
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Karl |
fand |
sein-en |
Schlüssel |
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
find.
pst
.3
sg
|
his-
m
.
acc
.
sg
|
key[
acc
.
sg
]
|
‘Karl found his key.’ |
Irish
faigh
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Fuair |
Pól |
a |
chuid |
neochr-acha. |
find.
pst
|
pn
|
poss
.3
sg
.
m
|
share
|
keys-
gp
|
‘Pól found his keys.’ |
Italian
trovare
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Leo |
ha |
trovato |
le |
chiav-i |
pn
(
m
)
|
aux
.3
sg
.
prs
|
find.
pst
.
ptcp
|
def
.
pl
.
f
|
key-
pl
.
f
|
‘Leo found the keys.’ |
Kalderash Romani
arakhəl
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
o |
Murš-a |
arakh-ľ-a |
le |
te-i |
art
.
m
.
dir
.
sg
|
pn
-
nom
.
sg
|
find-
pst
-3
sg
|
art
.
pl
|
key-
acc
.
pl
|
‘Murša found his keys.’ |
Kazakh
tap
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Petya |
kіlt-tі |
tap-tï |
pn
|
key-
acc
|
find-
pst
1.3
sg
|
‘Petya found the keys.’ |
Kazym Khanty
wǫjǝtti
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
petr-en |
λǫp-ǝλ |
wǫjt-ǝs |
pn
-
poss
.2
sg
|
oar-
poss
.3
sg
|
find-
pst
[3
sg
]
|
‘Petja found his oar.’ |
Khwarshi
Valency pattern:
DAT_ABS
|
X: DAT |
Y: ABS |
Locus: X |
maduʁale-l |
l-is-sa |
leka-ba |
сосед-
dat
|
nhpl
-находиться-
pst
.
w
|
ключ(
iii
)-
pl
.
abs
|
‘Сосед нашел ключи..’ |
Kina Rutul
agɨra
Valency pattern:
APUD.EL_NOM
|
X: APUD.EL |
Y: NOM |
Locus: X |
rasul-da: |
a-gɨ-r=a |
güleg-mar |
pn
-
apud
.
el
|
pv
-
npl
.find.
pfv
-
cvb
=be
|
key-
pl
(
nom
)
|
‘Rasul found his keys.’ |
Latin
invenio
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
nemo |
profect-um |
ibi |
inveni-t |
ubi |
reliqu-era-t |
nobody.
nom
.
sg
|
success(
m
)-
acc
.
sg
|
there
|
find[
prs
.
ind
]-
act
.3
sg
|
where
|
leave-
plup
.
ind
-
act
.3
sg
|
‘No one finds the progress there, where he left it.’ |
Note: (Sen. Ep. 71, 35) |
Mandarin Chinese
zhǎodào
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Zhāngsān |
zhǎodào |
le |
tā-de |
yàoshi |
pn
|
find
|
pfv
|
he-
de
|
key
|
‘Zhangsan found his key(s).’ |
Mingrelian
Ø-ʒir-un-s (PRS)
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: ERG |
Y: NOM |
Locus: TR |
čelo-k |
muš-(i) |
k'ila-Ø |
ko-Ø-ʒir-(u). |
pn
-
erg
|
refl
.
poss
-(
nom
)
|
key-
nom
|
aff
-
do
3-find-
s
3
sg
.
pst
|
‘Chelo found his keys.’ |
Modern Hebrew
matsa
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Pinχas |
matsa |
et |
ha |
mafteχ-ot |
ʃel-o |
pn
|
find[
pst
.3
sg
.
m
]
|
do
|
def
|
key-
pl
|
poss
-3
sg
.
m
|
‘Pinchas found his keys.’ |
Nanai
baogo-
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: OBL |
Locus: TR |
Petia |
anako-wa |
bao-go-xa-ni |
pn
|
key-
obl
|
find-
rep
-
pst
-
p
.3
sg
|
‘Petia found his keys.’ |
Nivkh
idəd
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Kaskazik |
pitɣəŋ |
idə-d |
pn
|
book
|
find-
ind
|
‘Kaskazik found the book.’ |
Northern Mansi
xōntsəs
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
am |
xōnt-s-um |
xōxsa |
i
|
find-
pst
-1
sg
|
cigarette
|
‘I found a cigarette.’ |
Northern Yukaghir
nū=
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Sǝmiǝn |
ključ-pǝ-lǝ |
nū-mǝ-lǝ |
pn
|
key-
pl
-
acc
|
find-
tr
-
of
.3
sg
|
‘Semien found his keys.’ |
Norwegian Bokmål
å finne
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Per |
fant |
nøkl-ene |
pn
|
find.
pst
|
key-
def
.
pl
|
‘Per found his keys.’ |
Polish
znaleźć
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Feliks |
znalaz-ł |
klucz-e |
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
find:
pfv
-
pst
[
m
.3
sg
]
|
key-
acc
.
pl
|
‘Feliks found his keys.’ |
Russian
najti
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Pet-ja |
naše-l |
ključ-i |
pn
(
m
)-
nom
.
sg
|
find(
pfv
)-
pst
[
m
.
sg
]
|
key(
m
)-
acc
.
pl
|
‘Petja found his keys.’ |
Serbian
naći
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Petar |
je |
naša-o |
ključ-eve |
pn
.
nom
.
sg
|
be.
prs
.3
sg
|
find-
part
.
perf
.
m
.
sg
|
key-
acc
.
pl
|
‘Petar found his keys.’ |
Shughni
virêdow
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: OBL |
Locus: TR |
Azim=i |
čilā |
virū-d |
půnd=ti |
pn
=3
sg
|
ring
|
find-
pst
|
road=
sup
|
‘Azim found a ring on the road.’ |
Skolt Saami
kaunnâd
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Peâtt |
kaaun-i |
lokkčouddj-es |
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
find-
pst
.3
sg
|
key.
sg
.
acc
-
poss
.3
sg
|
‘Pete found his key.’ |
Slovak
nájsť
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Peter |
našie-l |
jeho |
kľúč-e |
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
find(
pfv
)-
pst
[
m
.
sg
]
|
his
|
key(
m
)-
acc
.
pl
|
‘Peter found his keys.’ |
Slovenian
najti
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Peter |
je |
naše-l |
ključ-e |
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
aux
.3
sg
|
find:
pfv
-
lpt
[
m
.
sg
]
|
key-
acc
.
pl
|
‘Peter found his keys.’ |
Sorani Kurdish
dî̂tinewe
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Hîwa |
kilîl-ek-an=î |
dît-Ø-ewe |
pn
|
key-
def
-
pl
=3
sg
.
pc
|
see.
pst
-3
sg
-
asp
|
‘Hiwa found his keys.’ |
Spanish
encontrar
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Pedro |
ha |
encontra-do |
la-s |
llave-s |
pn
[
sg
.
m
]
|
aux
.3
sg
|
find-
ptcp
:
prf
|
art
.
def
.
sg
.
f
-
pl
|
key[
sg
.
f
]-
pl
|
‘Pedro found the keys.’ |
Swedish
att hitta
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Björn |
hitta-de |
sina |
nyckl-ar |
pn
|
find-
pst
|
poss
.
refl
.
pl
|
key-
pl
|
‘Björn found his keys.’ |
Tagalog
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: ACT |
Y: UND |
Locus: TR |
Na-hanap |
ni |
Pedro |
ang |
kaniya-ng |
susi |
potpv
.
pfv
-find
|
pers
.
gen
|
pn
|
subj
|
3.
sg
.
dat
-
lin
|
keys
|
‘Pedro found his keys.’ |
Telugu
doruku
Valency pattern:
DAT_NOM
|
X: DAT |
Y: NOM |
Locus: X |
pravīṇ-ki |
tana |
tāḷaṁcēvu-lu |
dorikāyi |
pn
(
m
).
sg
.
obl
-
dat
|
own
|
key(
n
)-
pl
.
nom
|
be_found.
pst
.3
pl
.
n
|
‘Praveen found his keys.’ |
Turkish
bulmak
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Mehmet |
anahtar-lar-ı |
bul-du |
pn
|
key-
pl
-
p
.3
|
find-
pst
|
‘Mehmet found his keys.’ |
Ulcha
bāqu-
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
ama |
anaqu-wa |
bā-qo-xa-ni |
father
|
key-
acc
|
find-
rep
-
pst
-3
sg
|
‘Father found the keys.’ |
Uzbek
topib olmoq
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ACC |
Locus: TR |
Petya |
kalit |
top-ib |
ol-di |
pn
|
key
|
find-
cvb
|
take-
pst
.3
sg
|
‘Petja found his keys.’ |
West Central Oromo
argata
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: NOM |
Y: ABS |
Locus: TR |
obsaa-n |
furtuu |
isaa |
arg-at-e |
pn
-
nom
|
key.
abs
|
3
sg
.
m
.
poss
|
see-
mid
-3
sg
.
m
.
pfv
|
‘Obsa found his keys.’ |
Zilo Andi
r-osː.onn-ij
Valency pattern:
AFF_NOM
|
X: AFF |
Y: NOM |
Locus: X |
pat’imati-<r>o |
r-osː.onn-ij |
rek’ulol |
pn
-
aff
<
inan
2>
|
inan
2-
pl
\find.
pst
-
pf
|
keys[
inan
2].
pl
[
nom
]
|
‘Patimat has found the keys.’ |