‘feel pain’
| Argument frame: | X (have) Y ache |
| Stimulus sentence: | P. has a head ache. |
| Predicate label Ru: | болеть#часть тела# |
| Argument frame Ru: | у X -а (болеть) Y |
| Stimulus sentence Ru: | У П. болит голова . |
Abaza χ’ə
| Valency pattern: IO_ABS |
| X: IO |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: X |
| á-č̣’ḳʷən | j-qá | jə́-χ’-əj-ṭ |
| def -boy | 3 sg . m . io -head | 3 sg . m . io -ache- prs - dcl |
| ‘The boy has a headache.’ | ||
Aghul itːa-
| Valency pattern: GEN_ABS |
| X: GEN |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: X |
| aslan.a-n | k’il | itːa-a |
| pn - gen | head | ache- prs |
| ‘Aslan has a headache.’ | ||
| Note: NP in the genitive is arguably a clause-level dependent. | ||
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic +marrə
| Valency pattern: BARE_SBJ |
| X: BARE |
| Y: SBJ |
| Locus: X |
| brata | riš-o | +mray=əl |
| girl( f ) | head( m )- p .3 f | ache. prog =3 m |
| ‘The girl has a headache.’ | ||
Brazilian Portuguese estar com dor
| Valency pattern: SBJ_de |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: de |
| Locus: Y |
| Pedro | está | com | dor | de | cabeça |
| pn ( m ) | cop _ prog .3 sg . prs | with | pain( f ) | of | head( f ) |
| ‘Pedro has a headache.’ | |||||
Catalan fer mal
| Valency pattern: DAT_SBJ |
| X: DAT |
| Y: SBJ |
| Locus: X |
| al | Pere | li | fa | mal | el | cap |
| to. def . sg . m | pn ( m ) | 3 sg . dat | make.3 sg . prs . ind | pain( m ) | def . sg . m | head( m ) |
| ‘Pere has a headache.’ | ||||||
Czech bolet
| Valency pattern: ACC_NOM |
| X: ACC |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| Petr-a | bolí | hlav-a |
| pn ( m )- acc . sg | ache( ipfv ). prs .3 sg | head( f )- nom . sg |
| ‘Petr has a headache.’ | ||
Danish have hovedpine
| Valency pattern: NA |
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| Peter | ha-r | hovedpine |
| pn | have- prs | headache( c ) |
| ‘Peter has a headache.' | ||
| Note: Not included in the database because the intended meaning is expressed by a structurally discontinuous combination (predicate + root in a compound). | ||
Dutch Y-pijn hebben
| Valency pattern: NA |
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| Piet | heeft | hoofdpijn |
| pn (С) | have.3 sg | headache( c ) |
| ‘Piet has a headache.’ | ||
| Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as part of a nominal compound. | ||
Estonian olema
| Valency pattern: ADESS_NOM |
| X: ADESS |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| Peetri-l | on | peavalu |
| pn - adess | be. prs .3 sg | headache. sg . nom |
| ‘Peeter has a headache.’ | ||
Finnish särkeä
| Valency pattern: ADE_PART |
| X: ADE |
| Y: PART |
| Locus: XY |
| Peka-lla | särk-ee | pää-tä |
| pn - ade | ache- prs .3 sg | head- part |
| ‘Pekka has a headache.’ | ||
Forest Enets dʲe
| Valency pattern: TOP_NOM |
| X: TOP |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| modʲi | kasa-jʔ | ɛba-za | dʲee |
| i | man- nom . sg .1 sg | head- nom . sg .3 sg | ache( ipfv ).3 sg . s |
| ‘My friend has a headache’. | |||
German schmerzen
| Valency pattern: DAT_NOM |
| X: DAT |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| der | Kopf | schmerz-t | Karl |
| def . m . nom . sg | head[ nom . sg ] | pain- prs .3 sg | pn [ dat . sg ] |
| ‘Karl has a headache.’ | |||
Italian dolere
| Valency pattern: a_SBJ |
| X: a |
| Y: SBJ |
| Locus: X |
| a | Leo | duol-e | la | test-a |
| to | pn ( m ) | ache-3 sg . prs | def . sg . f | head- sg . f |
| ‘Leo has a headache.’ | ||||
Kazakh awïr
| Valency pattern: GEN_NOM |
| X: GEN |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| Petya-nïŋ | bas-ï | awïr-adï |
| pn - gen | head- poss 3 | ache- prs 2.3 sg |
| ‘Petya has a headache.’ | ||
Kazym Khanty kăši
| Valency pattern: NA |
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| waśa-j-en | ŏχ-ǝλ | kăši |
| pn - ep - poss .2 sg | head- poss .3 sg | sick |
| ‘Vasja has a headache.’ | ||
| Note: Not included in the database because X is (arguably) expressed as an NP-internal modifier. Non-verbal predicate. | ||
Latin doleo
| Valency pattern: DAT_NOM |
| X: DAT |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| quod | tu-o | vir-o | ocul-i | dole-a-nt |
| why | your- dat . sg . m | husband( m )- dat . sg | eye( m )- nom . pl | hurt- prs . sbjv - act .3 pl |
| ‘Because of this, your husband's eyes will hurt.’ | ||||
| Note: (Ter, Ph, 1053) | ||||
Modern Hebrew jeʃ
| Valency pattern: NA |
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| le | Pinχas | jeʃ | koev | roʃ |
| to | pn | there.is[ prs ] | pain | head |
| ‘Pinchas has a headache.’ | ||||
| Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. | ||||
Nanai *
| Valency pattern: NA |
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| Petia | ǯele-ni | ənu.si-ni |
| pn | head- p .3 sg | be_sick. ipfv . npst - p .3 sg |
| ‘Petia has a headache.’ | ||
| Note: Not included in the database because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. | ||
Nivkh qоd
| Valency pattern: LOC/ABL_SBJ |
| X: LOC/ABL |
| Y: SBJ |
| Locus: X |
| Largun-ux | coŋr̥ | qо-d |
| pn - loc / abl | head | ache- ind |
| ‘Largun has a headache.’ | ||
Norwegian Bokmål å ha vondt
| Valency pattern: SBJ_i |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: i |
| Locus: Y |
| Per | ha-r | vond-t | i | hod-et |
| pn | have- prs | painful- indf . n . sg | in | head- def . n . sg |
| ‘Per has a headache.’ | ||||
Polish boleć
| Valency pattern: ACC_NOM |
| X: ACC |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| Ann-ę | boli | głow-a |
| pn - acc . sg | hurt: ipfv . prs .3 sg | head- nom . sg |
| ‘Anna has a headache.’ | ||
Russian boletʹ
| Valency pattern: uGEN_NOM |
| X: uGEN |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| u | Pet-i | bol-it | golov-a |
| at | pn ( m )- gen . sg | ache( ipfv )- prs .3 sg | head( f )- nom . sg |
| ‘Petja has a headache.’ | |||
Rutul weddara
| Valency pattern: ATTR_NOM |
| X: ATTR |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| rasul-dɨ | huq’ul | w-edda-r=a |
| pn - attr | head( nom ) | 3-hurt. ipfv - cvb =be |
| ‘Rasul has a headache.’ | ||
Serbian boli
| Valency pattern: ACC_NOM |
| X: ACC |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| Petr-a | boli | glav-a |
| pn - acc . sg | болеть. prs .3 sg | голова- nom . sg |
| ‘У Петара болит голова.’ | ||
Shughni dārδ čīdow
| Valency pattern: LOC_NOM |
| X: LOC |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| Ahmed-and | wi | kāl | dārδ | kix̌-t |
| pn - loc | d 3. m . sg . obl | head | pain | do-3 sg |
| ‘Ahmed has a headache.’ | ||||
Skolt Saami leeʹd -kõpp
| Valency pattern: NA |
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| Peâtt-ast | lij | vueiʹvv-kõpp |
| pn - sg . loc | be. prs .3 sg | head-disease. sg . nom |
| ‘Pete has a headache.’ | ||
| Note: Not included in the database because the intended meaning is expressed by a structurally discontinuous combination (predicate + root in a compound). | ||
Slovenian boleti
| Valency pattern: ACC_NOM |
| X: ACC |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| An-o | boli | glav-a |
| pn - acc . sg | ache: ipfv . prs .3 sg | head- nom . sg |
| ‘Ana has a headache.’ | ||
Spanish doler
| Valency pattern: NDIR.OBJ_SBJ |
| X: NDIR.OBJ |
| Y: SBJ |
| Locus: X |
| a | Pedro | le | duel-e | la | cabeza |
| ndir . obj | pn [ sg . m ] | he. ndir . obj | ache- prs .3 sg | art . def . sg . f | head[ sg . f ] |
| ‘Pedro has a headache.’ | |||||
Swedish att ha ont
| Valency pattern: SBJ_i |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: i |
| Locus: Y |
| Björn | ha-r | ont | i | huvud-et |
| pn | have- prs | painful. indf . n . sg | in | head- def . n . sg |
| ‘Björn has a headache.’ | ||||
Turkish ağrımak
| Valency pattern: GEN_NOM |
| X: GEN |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| Mehmed-in | baş-ı | ağrı-yor |
| pn - gen | head- p .3 | ache- prs |
| ‘Mehmet has a headache.’ | ||
Ulcha ənusi-
| Valency pattern: DAT_NOM |
| X: DAT |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| əj | xusə | piktə-du | ǯili-n | ənu-s-i-n |
| this | male | child- dat | head-3 sg | be_ill- ipfv - prs -3 sg |
| ‘This boy has a headache.’ | ||||
Zilo Andi ruqχ’.u
| Valency pattern: GEN_NOM |
| X: GEN |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| ali-r | mijar | ruqχ’.u-r |
| pn . obl - inan 2( gen ) | head[ inan 2][ nom ] | ache. pst - prog |
| ‘Ali has a headache.’ | ||