BivalTyp

Лаборатория типологического изучения языков    Институт лингвистических исследований РАН

‘envy’

Argument frame: X (envy) Y
Stimulus sentence: (M. has a car, and P. doesn't). P. envies M .
Predicate label Ru: завидовать
Argument frame Ru: X (завидовать) Y
Stimulus sentence Ru: (У М. есть машина, а у П. — нет) П. завидует М .

Abaza [c-]n-χč’alə

Valency pattern: ABS_COM
X: ABS
Y: COM
Locus: Y
wə-s-c-nə́-m-χč’alə-n
2 sg . m . abs -1 sg . io - com - loc - neg -envy- neg . imp
‘Don’t envy me!’

Aghul *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic baxxəl

Valency pattern: SBJ_bi
X: SBJ
Y: bi
Locus: Y
+Ašur baxxul=əl bi švav-u
pn envy. prog =3 m with neighbour( m )- p .3 m
‘Ashur envies his neighbor.’

Brazilian Portuguese invejar

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pedro invej-a Miguel
pn ( m ) envy-3 sg . prs pn ( m )
‘Pedro envies Miguel.’

Catalan envejar

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
en Pere envej-a en Marc
def . sg . m pn ( m ) envy-3 sg . prs . ind def . sg . m pn ( m )
‘Pere envies Marc.’

Czech závidět

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Petr závidí Michal-ovi
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] envy( ipfv ). prs .3 sg pn ( m )- dat . sg
‘Petr envies Michal.’

Danish være misundelig

Valency pattern: SBJ_pa
X: SBJ
Y: pa
Locus: Y
Peter er misundelig Marie
pn be. prs jealous. c . sg on pn
‘Peter envies Marie.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Dutch jaloers zijn

Valency pattern: SBJ_op
X: SBJ
Y: op
Locus: Y
Piet is jaloers op Marie
pn ( c ) cop .3 sg envious on pn ( c )
‘Piet envies Marie.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Estonian kadestama

Valency pattern: NOM_PART
X: NOM
Y: PART
Locus: Y
Peeter kadesta-b Mareti-t
pn . sg . nom envy- prs .3 sg pn - sg . part
‘Peeter envies Maret.’

Finnish kadehtia

Valency pattern: NOM_PART
X: NOM
Y: PART
Locus: Y
Pekka kadehti-i Matti-a
pn . nom envy- prs .3 sg pn - part
‘Pekka envies Matti.’

Forest Enets *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

German beneiden

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Karl beneide-t Marie
pn [ nom . sg ] envy- prs .3 sg pn [ acc . sg ]
‘Karl envies Marie.’

Italian invidiare

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Leo invidi-a Maria
pn ( m ) envy-3 sg . prs pn ( f )
‘Leo envies Maria.’

Kazakh qïzɣan

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Petya Maša-ɣa qïzɣan-adï
pn pn - dat envy- prs 2.3 sg
‘Petya envies Masha.’

Kazym Khanty wǔšmaśti

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
waśa-j-en pet’a-j-a wǔšmaś-λ
pn - ep - poss .2 sg pn - ep - dat envy- npst [3 sg ]
‘Vasja envies Petja.’

Latin invideo

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
prob-us autem invide-t nemin-i
honest- nom . sg . m but envy[ prs . ind ]- act .3 sg nobody- dat . sg
‘An honest man does not envy anyone.’
Note: (Cic. Tim. 9, 4)

Modern Hebrew mekan-e

Valency pattern: SBJ_be
X: SBJ
Y: be
Locus: Y
Pinχas mekan-e be Menaχem
pn envy[ ptcp ]- sg . m in pn
‘Pinchas envies Menachem.’

Nanai ananasi-

Valency pattern: NOM_DIR
X: NOM
Y: DIR
Locus: Y
Petia Maša-či anana.si-ni
pn pn - dir jealousy. ipfv . npst - p .3 sg
‘Petia envies Masha.’

Nivkh *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Norwegian Bokmål å være misunnelig

Valency pattern: SBJ_pa
X: SBJ
Y: pa
Locus: Y
Per er misunnelig Ola
pn be. prs envious on pn
‘Per envies Ola.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Polish zazdrościć

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Michał zazdrości Janc-e
pn [ nom . sg ] envy: ipfv . prs .3 sg pn - dat . sg
‘Michał envies Janka.’

Russian zavidovatʹ

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Pet-ja zavidu-et Maš-e
pn ( m )- nom . sg envy( ipfv )- prs .3 sg pn ( f )- dat . sg
‘Petja envies Maša.’

Rutul paxil jiɁi

Valency pattern: NOM_SUP
X: NOM
Y: SUP
Locus: Y
rasul paxil jiɁi asijed-ɨ
pn ( nom ) envy 1. cop pn - obl ( sup )
‘Rasul envies Asijat.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Serbian zavidi

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Petar zavidi Marij-i
pn . nom . sg завидовать. prs .3 sg pn - dat . sg
‘Петар завидует Марии.’

Shughni qayti čīdow

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Naǰiba Safina=qati qayti kix̌-t
pn pn = ins envy do-3 sg
‘Najiba envies Safina.’

Skolt Saami kađšted

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Peâtt kaađašt Määʹrj
pn . sg . nom envy. prs .3 sg pn . sg . acc
‘Pete envies Maria’

Slovenian zavidati

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
An-a zavida Petr-u
pn - nom . sg envy: ipfv . prs .3 sg pn - dat . sg
‘Ana envies Peter.’

Spanish envidiar

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pedro envidi-a a María
pn [ sg . m ] envy- prs .3 sg dir . obj . anm pn [ sg . f ]
‘Pedro envies Maria.’

Swedish att vara avundsjuk

Valency pattern: SBJ_pa
X: SBJ
Y: pa
Locus: Y
Björn är avundsjuk Maja
pn be. prs envious. indf . n . sg on pn
‘Björn envies Maja.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Turkish kıskanmak

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Mehmet Orhan-ı kıskan-ıyor
pn pn - acc envy- prs
‘Mehmet envies Orhan.’

Ulcha ananasi-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
nan əj əktə-wə ananas-i-ni
s/he this female- acc envy- prs -3 sg
‘S/he envies this woman.’

Zilo Andi rok’o qχubi-ɬ.i-j

Valency pattern: GEN_SUPER
X: GEN
Y: SUPER.LAT
Locus: XY
muħammadi-r rok’o qχubi-ɬ.i-j ali-ʔa
pn - inan 2( gen ) heart[ inan 2][ nom ] untidy- inch . pst - pf pn - super
‘Muhammad envies Ali.’