BivalTyp

Лаборатория типологического изучения языков    Институт лингвистических исследований РАН

‘dream’

Argument frame: X (dream) of Y
Stimulus sentence: P. is dreaming of a new car .
Predicate label Ru: мечтать
Argument frame Ru: X (мечтать) об Y
Stimulus sentence Ru: П. мечтает о (новой) машине .

Abaza [z-]qʷəc

Valency pattern: ABS_BEN
X: ABS
Y: BEN
Locus: Y
rasúl mašína–č̣əc d-a-z-qʷə́c-əj-d
pn car­–new3 sg . h . abs -3 sg . n . io - ben -think- prs - dcl
‘Rasul is dreaming of a new car.’

Aghul jurk’.ura-n χijal + COP

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
c’aje mašin aslan.a-n jurk’.ura-n χijal e
new car pn - gen heart- gen thought cop
‘Aslan is dreaming of a new car.’
Note: Not included in the database because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier.

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Brazilian Portuguese sonhar

Valency pattern: SBJ_com
X: SBJ
Y: com
Locus: Y
Pedro sonh-a com um carro
pn ( m ) dream-3 sg . prs with indf car( m )
‘Pedro is dreaming of a car.’

Catalan somiar

Valency pattern: SBJ_en
X: SBJ
Y: en
Locus: Y
en Pere està somi-ant en un nou cotxe
def . sg . m pn ( m ) be.3 sg . prs . ind dream- ger in indf . sg . m new( m ) sg car( m )
‘Pere is dreaming of a new car.’

Czech snít

Valency pattern: NOM_oLOC
X: NOM
Y: oLOC
Locus: Y
Petr sní o nov-ém aut-ě
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] dream( ipfv ). prs .3 sg about new- n . loc . sg car( n )- loc . sg
‘Petr is dreaming of a new car.’

Danish drømme

Valency pattern: SBJ_om
X: SBJ
Y: om
Locus: Y
Peter drømme-r om en ny bil
pn dream- prs about indf . sg new. c . sg car( c )
‘Peter is dreaming of a new car.’

Dutch dromen

Valency pattern: SBJ_van
X: SBJ
Y: van
Locus: Y
Piet droom-t van een auto
pn ( c ) dream-3 sg of art . indf car(С)
‘Piet is dreaming of a car.’

Estonian unistama

Valency pattern: NOM_ELA
X: NOM
Y: ELA
Locus: Y
Peeter unista-b uue-st auto-st
pn . sg . nom dream_of- prs .3 sg new- ela car- ela
‘Peeter is dreaming of a new car.’

Finnish haaveilla

Valency pattern: NOM_ELA
X: NOM
Y: ELA
Locus: Y
Pekka haaveil-ee uude-sta auto-sta
pn . nom dream- prs .3 sg new- ela car- ela
‘Pekka is dreaming of a new car.’

Forest Enets *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

German träumen

Valency pattern: NOM_vonDAT
X: NOM
Y: vonDAT
Locus: Y
Karl träum-t von ein-em neu-en Auto
pn [ nom . sg ] dream- prs .3 sg of indf - n . dat . sg new- n . acc . sg car[ dat . sg ]
‘Karl is dreaming of a new car.’

Italian sognare

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Leo sogn-a un-a macchin-a
pn ( m ) dream-3 sg . prs indf . sg - f car- sg . f
‘Leo is dreaming of a car.’

Kazakh armanda

Valency pattern: NOM_turaly
X: NOM
Y: turaly
Locus: Y
Petya mašiyna turalï armanda-ydï
pn car about dream- prs 2.3 sg
‘Petya is dreaming of a car.’

Kazym Khanty nǫmǝsti

Valency pattern: NOM_NOMolenen
X: NOM
Y: NOMolenen
Locus: Y
pet’a-j-en jiλǝp mašina oλǝŋǝn nǫmǝs-ǝλ
pn - ep - poss .2 sg new car about think- npst [3 sg ]
‘Petja is dreaming of a new car.’

Latin somnio

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
me desider-e-s, me somni-e-s, me exspecta-s, de me cogit-e-s
i . acc want- prs . sbjv - act .2 sg i . acc dream- prs . sbjv - act .2 sg i . acc expect[ prs . ind ]- act .2 sg about i . acc think- prs . sbjv - act .2 sg
‘You want me, you dream about me, you expect me, you think about me.’
Note: (Ter. Eu. 194)

Modern Hebrew χolem

Valency pattern: SBJ_al
X: SBJ
Y: al
Locus: Y
Pinχas χolem al meχonit χadaʃa
pn dream[ ptcp . sg . m ] on car new
‘Pinchas is dreaming of a new car.’

Nanai murči-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
Petia sikun mašina-wa murči-ni
pn new car- obl think. npst - p .3 sg
‘Petia is dreaming of a new car.’

Nivkh kʰəmləd

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Kaskazik cʰir + tʰu kʰəmlə-d
pn new + narta think- ind
‘Kaskazik is thinking of a new car.’
Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate.

Norwegian Bokmål å drømme

Valency pattern: SBJ_om
X: SBJ
Y: om
Locus: Y
Per drømme-r om en ny bil
pn dream- prs about indf . m . sg new car
‘Per is dreaming of a new car.’

Polish marzyć

Valency pattern: NOM_oLOC
X: NOM
Y: oLOC
Locus: Y
Jacek marzy o samochodz-ie
pn [ nom . sg ] dream: ipfv . prs .3 sg about car- loc . sg
‘Jacek is dreaming of a car.’

Russian mečtatʹ

Valency pattern: NOM_oLOC
X: NOM
Y: oLOC
Locus: Y
Pet-ja mečta-et o nov-oj mašin-e
pn ( m )- nom . sg dream( ipfv )- prs .3 sg about new- f . loc . sg car( f )- loc . sg
‘Petja is dreaming of a new car.’

Rutul fikir waɁara

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
rasul-a fikir w-aɁa-r=a c’in-dɨ mašina-d
pn - erg thought 3-do. ipfv - cvb =be new- attr car- attr
‘Rasul is dreaming of a new car.’
Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate.

Serbian mašta

Valency pattern: NOM_oLOC
X: NOM
Y: oLOC
Locus: Y
Petar mašta o nov-im kol-ima
pn . nom . sg мечтать. prs .3 sg о новый. loc . pl . n машина- loc . pl
‘Петар мечтает о новой машине.’

Shughni *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Skolt Saami niõǥǥtõõllâd

Valency pattern: NOM_GENdiott
X: NOM
Y: GENdiott
Locus: Y
Peâtt lij niõǥǥ-tõõll-men ođđ aaut diõtt
pn . sg . nom be. prs .3 sg dream- cont - prog . ptcp new car. sg . gen because.of
‘Pete is dreaming of a new car.’

Slovenian sanjati

Valency pattern: NOM_oLOC
X: NOM
Y: oLOC
Locus: Y
Peter sanja o avt-u
pn [ nom . sg ] dream: ipfv . prs .3 sg about car- loc . sg
‘Peter is dreaming of a new car.’

Spanish soñar

Valency pattern: SBJ_con
X: SBJ
Y: con
Locus: Y
Pedro sueñ-a con un coche nuev-o
pn [ sg . m ] dream- prs .3 sg with art . ndef . sg . m car[ sg . m ] new[ sg ]- m
‘Pedro is dreaming of a new car.’

Swedish att drömma

Valency pattern: SBJ_om
X: SBJ
Y: om
Locus: Y
Björn drömm-er om en ny bil
pn dream- prs about indf . c . sg new car
‘Björn is dreaming of a new car.’

Turkish *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Mehmet yeni araba al-ma-yı hayal ed-ıyor
pn new car take- nmlz - acc dream make- prs
‘Mehmet is dreaming to buy a new car.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP within a dependent clause.

Ulcha muruči-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
ama sičəu ogda-wa muruč-i-ni
father new boat- acc think- prs -3 sg
‘Father is dreaming (lit. thinking) of a new boat.’

Zilo Andi aniʃːi

Valency pattern: GEN_NOM
X: GEN
Y: NOM
Locus: X
ali-b aniʃːi ts’ːiw maʃina
pn - inan 1( gen ) dream[ inan 1][ nom ] new car[ inan 1][ nom ]
‘Ali dreams of a new car.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.