‘despise’
| Argument frame: |
X
(despise)
Y
|
| Stimulus sentence: |
P.
despises
M
.
|
| Predicate label Ru: |
презирать
|
| Argument frame Ru: |
X
(презирать)
Y
-а
|
| Stimulus sentence Ru: |
П.
презирает
М
.
|
Abaza
ba g’awam
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| fatíma |
murád |
də-l-bá |
g’-awá-m |
|
pn
|
pn
|
3
sg
.
h
.
abs
-3
sg
.
f
.
erg
-see
|
neg
-can-
neg
|
| ‘Fatima can’t see Murad.’ |
| Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate. |
Adyghe
gʷə tje.fe + NEG
|
Valency pattern:
NominalPossessor_ABS
|
| X: NominalPossessor |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: X |
| pŝaŝe-xe-m |
mə |
č̣ʼale-r |
a-gʷ |
tje-fe-r-ep |
|
девушка-
pl
-
obl
|
этот
|
парень-
abs
|
3
pl
.
pr
-сердце
|
loc
:
top
-падать-
dyn
-
neg
|
| ‘Девушки презирают этого парня’ |
| Note: Lit. ‘This guy does not fall on the girls’ hearts’. |
Aghul
alčaq-tːi fac.u-
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| aslan.a |
uč.i-n |
ču |
alčaq-tːi |
fac.u-naa |
|
pn
(
erg
)
|
self-
gen
|
brother
|
despicable-
adv
|
hold.
pf
-
prf
|
| ‘Aslan despises his brother.’ |
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
+aynə +paləṭ
|
Valency pattern:
BARE_men
|
| X: BARE |
| Y: men |
| Locus: XY |
| +Ašur |
+ayn-u |
+plaṭ=əna |
mən |
švav-u |
|
pn
|
eye(
f
).
pl
-
p
.3
m
|
leave.
prog
=3
pl
|
from
|
neighbour(
m
)-
p
.3
m
|
| ‘Ashur despises his neighbor.’ |
Bambara
fìsaya
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_ma
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: ma |
| Locus: Y |
| Sékù |
b' |
í |
yɛ̀rɛ̂ |
fìsaya |
Fùséni |
mà |
|
pn
|
ipfv
|
refl
|
self
|
prefer
|
pn
|
to
|
| ‘Seku despises Fuseyni.’ |
Brazilian Portuguese
desprezar
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro |
desprez-a |
Miguel |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
despise-3
sg
.
prs
|
pn
(
m
)
|
| ‘Pedro despises Miguel.’ |
Catalan
menysprear
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| en |
Pere |
menyspre-a |
en |
Marc |
|
def
.
sg
.
m
|
pn
(
m
)
|
despise-3
sg
.
prs
.
ind
|
def
.
sg
.
m
|
pn
(
m
)
|
| ‘Pere despises Marc.’ |
Czech
opovrhovat
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Petr |
Michal-em |
opovrhuje |
|
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
pn
(
m
)-
ins
.
sg
|
despise(
ipfv
).
prs
.3
sg
|
| ‘Petr despises Michal.’ |
Danish
foragte
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter |
foragte-r |
Marie |
|
pn
|
despise-
prs
|
pn
|
| ‘Peter despises Marie.’ |
Dutch
verachten
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Piet |
verach-t |
Marie |
|
pn
(
c
)
|
despise-3
sg
|
pn
(
c
)
|
| ‘Piet despises Marie.’ |
Eastern Maninka
jò
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_ma
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: ma |
| Locus: Y |
| Sékù |
yé |
jò-la |
Fónbà |
mà. |
|
pn
|
be
|
despize-
inf
.
la
|
pn
|
adr
|
| ‘Seku despises Fomba.’ |
English
despise
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
Estonian
põlgama
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_PART
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: PART |
| Locus: Y |
| Peeter |
põlga-b |
Mareti-t |
|
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
despise-
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
-
sg
.
part
|
| ‘Peeter despises Maret.’ |
Finnish
halveksia
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_PART
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: PART |
| Locus: Y |
| Pekka |
halveksi-i |
Matti-a |
|
pn
.
nom
|
despise-
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
-
part
|
| ‘Pekka despises Matti.’ |
Forest Enets
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
|
*
|
| * |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
French
mépriser
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Paul |
méprise |
Marie |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
despise.
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
(
f
)
|
| ‘Paul despises Marie.’ |
Georgian
s-ʒag-s (PRS)
|
Valency pattern:
DAT_NOM
|
| X: DAT |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| p'et're-s |
mašo-Ø |
s-ʒag-s |
|
pn
-
dat
|
pn
-
nom
|
io
3-despise-
s
3
sg
|
| ‘Petre despises of Masho.’ |
German
verachten
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Karl |
verachte-t |
Marie |
|
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
despise-
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
[
acc
.
sg
]
|
| ‘Karl despises Marie.’ |
Irish
bí an ghrain dearg
|
Valency pattern:
aige_ar
|
| X: aige |
| Y: ar |
| Locus: XY |
| Tá |
an |
ghrain |
dearg |
aige |
Pól |
air |
Máire. |
|
be.
prs
|
def
|
hatred
|
red
|
at
|
pn
|
on
|
pn
|
| ‘Pól despises Máire.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Italian
disprezzare
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Leo |
disprezz-a |
Maria |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
despise-3
sg
.
prs
|
pn
(
f
)
|
| ‘Leo despises Maria.’ |
Kalderash Romani
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
|
*
|
| * |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Kazakh
žaratpa
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petya |
Maša-nï |
žarat-pa-ydï |
|
pn
|
pn
-
acc
|
approve-
neg
-
prs
2.3
sg
|
| ‘Petya despises Masha.’ |
Kazym Khanty
λǝkǝŋ εtti
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| pet’a-j-en |
waśa-j-ǝλ |
λǝk-ǝŋ |
εt-λ-ǝλλe |
|
pn
-
ep
-
poss
.
sg
|
pn
-
ep
-
poss
.3
sg
|
evil-
attr
|
go_out-
npst
-3
sg
.
so
|
| ‘Petja despises Vasja.’ |
Khwarshi
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| di-lo |
χol-i |
ehu-ba |
gic'a-ha |
maduʁal-qo-l |
|
1
sg
.
o
-
gen
2
|
муж-
erg
|
проклятие-
pl
.
abs
|
смотреть-
prs
|
сосед-
cont
-
lat
|
| ‘Мой муж проклинает соседа.’ |
| Note: Not included in the database because the translation deviates too far from the stimulus sentence. |
Kina Rutul
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
|
*
|
| * |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Latin
contemno
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| quos |
enim |
host-is |
haec |
famili-a |
contemps-it |
|
which.
acc
.
pl
.
m
|
indedd
|
enemy(
m
)-
acc
.
pl
|
this.
nom
.
sg
.
f
|
family(
f
)-
nom
.
sg
|
despise[
prf
.
ind
]-
act
.3
sg
|
| ‘... for those, who this family despised as enemies.’ |
| Note: (Cic. Pro Flacco. 58, 2) |
Mandarin Chinese
bǐshì
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Zhāngsān |
bǐshì |
Lǐsì |
|
pn
|
despise
|
pn
|
| ‘Zhangsan despises Lisi.’ |
Mingrelian
Ø-ǯog-un-Ø (PRS)
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| čelo-s |
anučia-Ø |
Ø-ǯog-u(n)-Ø. |
|
pn
-
dat
|
pn
-
nom
|
io
3-hate-
sm
-
s
3
sg
.
inact
|
| ‘Chelo hates Anuchia.’ |
| Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate. |
Modern Hebrew
metaev
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pinχas |
metaev |
et |
Menaχem |
|
pn
|
despise[
ptcp
.
sg
.
m
]
|
do
|
pn
|
| ‘Pinchas despises Menachem.’ |
Nanai
čukisi-
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Petia |
Maša-wa |
čuki-si-ni |
|
pn
|
pn
-
obl
|
bad-
ipfv
.
npst
-
p
.3
sg
|
| ‘Petia despises Masha.’ |
Nivkh
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
|
*
|
| * |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Northern Mansi
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
|
*
|
| * |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Northern Yukaghir
ǝl ködǝ ŋorī=
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Sǝmiǝn |
Čiǝri-ɣаnǝ |
ǝl |
ködǝ |
ŋo-rī |
|
pn
|
pn
-
acc
|
neg
|
man
|
be-
appl
.
neg
.3
|
| ‘Semien despises Cheri.’ |
Norwegian Bokmål
å forakte
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Per |
forakte-r |
Ola |
|
pn
|
despise-
prs
|
pn
|
| ‘Per despises Ola.’ |
Polish
gardzić
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Paweł |
gardzi |
Magd-ą |
|
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
despise:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
-
ins
.
sg
|
| ‘Paweł despises Magda.’ |
Russian
preziratʹ
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Pet-ja |
prezira-et |
Maš-u |
|
pn
(
m
)-
nom
.
sg
|
despise(
ipfv
)-
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
(
f
)-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Petja despises Maša.’ |
Serbian
prezirati
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petar |
prezira |
Marij-u |
|
pn
.
nom
.
sg
|
despise.
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Petar despises Maria.’ |
Shughni
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
|
|
|
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Skolt Saami
pâiʹlǩiõččâd
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peâtt |
pâiʹlǩeäčč |
Määʹrj |
|
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
despise.
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
.
sg
.
acc
|
| ‘Pete despises Maria’ |
Slovak
opovrhovať
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Peter |
opovrhuje |
Mark-om |
|
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
despise(
ipfv
).
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
(
m
)-
ins
.
sg
|
| ‘Peter despises Marek.’ |
Slovenian
prezirati
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Pavel |
prezira |
Petr-a |
|
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
despise:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Pavel despises Peter.’ |
Sorani Kurdish
ḧîsab bo nekirdin
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_bo
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: bo |
| Locus: Y |
| Hîwa |
ḧîsab-î |
pûʂêk |
bo |
Perî-î |
na-k-a |
|
pn
|
counting-
izf
|
hay-
indf
|
for
|
pn
-
obl
|
neg
-do.
prs
-3
sg
|
| ‘Hiwa disdains Pari.’ |
Spanish
despreciar
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro |
despreci-a |
a |
María |
|
pn
[
sg
.
m
]
|
despise-
prs
.3
sg
|
dir
.
obj
.
anm
|
pn
[
sg
.
f
]
|
| ‘Pedro despises Maria.’ |
Swedish
att avsky
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Björn |
avsky-r |
Maja. |
|
pn
|
despise-
prs
|
pn
|
| ‘Björn despises Maja.’ |
Tagalog
|
Valency pattern:
ACT_LOC
|
| X: ACT |
| Y: LOC |
| Locus: Y |
| K<in>asu-suklam-an |
ni |
Pedro |
si |
Miguel |
|
ka<
pv
>
ipfv
~despise-
lv
|
pers
.
gen
|
pn
|
pers
.
subj
|
pn
|
| ‘Pedro despises Miguel.’ |
| Note: ??? Can you change the voice and turn Pedro into the subject here? |
Telugu
hīnaṁgā cūcu
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| pravīṇ |
maheṣ-ni |
hīnaṁ-gā |
cūstāḍu |
|
pn
(
m
).
sg
.
nom
|
pn
(
m
).
sg
.
obl
-
acc
|
low-
advz
|
see.
npst
.3
sg
.
m
|
| ‘Praveen despises Mahesh.’ |
Turkish
hor görmek
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Mehmet |
Orhan-a |
hor |
gör-üyor |
|
pn
|
pn
-
dat
|
contemptible
|
see-
prs
|
| ‘Mehmet despises Orhan.’ |
Ulcha
gosi-
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| bū |
mə̄n |
baǯu-sal-bi |
gos-i-pu |
|
we
|
self
|
enemy-
pl
-
refl
.
sg
|
hate-
prs
-1
pl
|
| ‘We despise our enemies.’ |
Uzbek
mensimamoq
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petya |
Maša-ni |
mensi-ma-y |
tur-ib-ti |
|
pn
|
pn
-
acc
|
give_attention-
neg
-
cvb
|
stand-
prs
4-3
sg
|
| ‘Petja despises Maša.’ |
West Central Oromo
tuffata
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| obsaa-n |
tolaa |
tuffat-a |
|
pn
-
nom
|
pn
.
abs
|
despise-3
sg
.
m
.
ipfv
|
| ‘Obsa despises Tola.’ |
Zilo Andi
ħaqχ’ir-ijd.i-r
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| pat’imati-di |
ħaqχ’ir-ijd.i-r |
marjam |
|
pn
-
erg
|
humiliated-
fct
.
pst
-
prog
|
pn
[
f
][
nom
]
|
| ‘Patimat despises Mariam.’ |
