‘depend’
Argument frame: |
X
(depend) on
Y
|
Stimulus sentence: |
Memory
depends on
age
.
|
Predicate label Ru: |
зависеть
|
Argument frame Ru: |
X
(зависеть) от
Y
-а
|
Stimulus sentence Ru: |
Память
зависит от
возраста
.
|
Abaza
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Adyghe (West Circassian)
je-λətəʁ
Valency pattern:
ABS_DAT
|
X: ABS |
Y: DAT |
Locus: Y |
aqələ-r |
nəbžʼə-m |
je-λətə-ʁ |
mind-
abs
|
age-
obl
|
dat
-consider-
res
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Aghul
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Alik Kryz
asli xhiyic
Valency pattern:
NOM_ADEL
|
X: NOM |
Y: ADEL |
Locus: Y |
yaddaş |
yaş-in-var |
asli-ya |
memory
|
age-
obl
-
adel
|
depending-
cop
.
n
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Archi
ačutːut -i
Valency pattern:
NOM_SUP.LAT
|
X: NOM |
Y: SUP.LAT |
Locus: Y |
pahmu-li-n |
heʟʼən |
ʕummal-li-tːi-k |
aču-tːu-t |
i |
memory-
obl
-
gen
|
thing
|
life-
obl
-
sup
-
lat
|
4.throw-
attr
-4
|
4.be
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. heʟʼən functions as an empty head. |
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Avar
baze
Valency pattern:
NOM_LOC
|
X: NOM |
Y: LOC |
Locus: Y |
rak’-alda |
žo |
č’e-j |
či-jas-ul |
rih-alda |
b-a-ra-b |
b-ugo |
heart-
obl
.
loc
|
thing
|
stand-
msd
|
man-
obl
.
m
-
gen
|
delay-
obl
.
nm
.
loc
|
n
-hang-
pf
.
ptcp
-
n
|
n
-
cop
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Azerbaijani
asılı-COP
Valency pattern:
NOM_ABL
|
X: NOM |
Y: ABL |
Locus: Y |
yaddaş |
yaş-dan |
asılı-dır |
memory
|
age-
abl
|
depending-
cop
3
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Bafut
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Bambara
dúlon
Valency pattern:
SBJ_la
|
X: SBJ |
Y: la |
Locus: Y |
fɛ́n |
sɔ̀ngɔ` |
dúlon-nen |
bɛ́ |
à |
bònya` |
ná |
thing
|
price\
art
|
hang-
ptcp
.
res
|
be
|
3
sg
|
size\
art
|
in
|
‘The price of a thing depends on its size.’ |
Brazilian Portuguese
depender
Valency pattern:
SBJ_de
|
X: SBJ |
Y: de |
Locus: Y |
a |
memória |
depende |
da |
idade |
def
.
f
|
memory(
f
)
|
depend-3
sg
.
prs
|
of+
def
.
f
|
age(
f
)
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Budugh
asıli yıxhar
Valency pattern:
NOM_ABL
|
X: NOM |
Y: ABL |
Locus: Y |
ya'dda |
ya'ş-ın-a'r |
asıli |
vi |
memory
|
age-
obl
-
abl
|
depending
|
cop
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Catalan
variar
Valency pattern:
SBJ_amb
|
X: SBJ |
Y: amb |
Locus: Y |
la |
memòria |
vari-a |
amb |
l'edat |
def
.
sg
.
f
|
memory(
f
)
|
depend-3
sg
.
prs
.
ind
|
with
|
def
.
sg
.
f
-age(
f
)
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Chirag
b-uχi
Valency pattern:
ABS_hisable
|
X: ABS |
Y: hisable |
Locus: Y |
pahme |
ʡumre |
ħisable |
b-urχ-le |
memory(
abs
)
|
age(
abs
)
|
according.to
|
n
.
sg
-become:
ipf
-
dur
.
prs
.3
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Czech
závislý + COP
Valency pattern:
NOM_naLOC
|
X: NOM |
Y: naLOC |
Locus: Y |
pamět' |
je |
závisl-á |
na |
věk-u |
memory(
f
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
be(
ipfv
).
prs
.3
sg
|
dependent-
f
.
nom
.
sg
|
on
|
age(
m
)-
loc
.
sg
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Danish
afhænge
Valency pattern:
SBJ_af
|
X: SBJ |
Y: af |
Locus: Y |
Hukommelse |
afhænge-r |
af |
alder-en |
memory(
c
).
sg
|
depend-
prs
|
of
|
age(
c
)-
def
.
sg
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Dutch
afhangen
Valency pattern:
SBJ_van
|
X: SBJ |
Y: van |
Locus: Y |
het |
geheugen |
hang-t |
af |
van |
de |
leeftijd |
art
.
def
.
n
|
memory(
n
)
|
depend-3
sg
|
of
|
from
|
art
.
def
.
c
|
age(
c
)
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Eastern Maninka
bɔ́
Valency pattern:
SBJ_do(POST)
|
X: SBJ |
Y: do(POST) |
Locus: Y |
à |
sɔ̀nko` |
yé |
bɔ́-la |
à |
kùnbaya |
lè |
dɔ́. |
3
sg
|
price\
art
|
be
|
exit-
inf
.
la
|
3
sg
|
size
|
foc
|
in
|
‘Its price depends on its size.’ |
English
depend
Valency pattern:
SBJ_on
|
X: SBJ |
Y: on |
Locus: Y |
Estonian
sõltuma
Valency pattern:
NOM_ELA
|
X: NOM |
Y: ELA |
Locus: Y |
mälu |
sõltu-b |
vanuse-st |
memory.
sg
.
nom
|
depend-
prs
.3
sg
|
age-
ela
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Finnish
riippua
Valency pattern:
NOM_ELA
|
X: NOM |
Y: ELA |
Locus: Y |
muisti |
riippu-u |
iä-stä |
memory.
nom
|
depend-
prs
.3
sg
|
age-
ela
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Forest Enets
pɛri
Valency pattern:
NOM_ABL
|
X: NOM |
Y: ABL |
Locus: Y |
mɛsi-za |
ŋa-xaz |
pɛri |
wind-
nom
.
sg
.3
sg
|
sky-
abl
|
hold(
ipfv
).3
sg
.
s
|
‘The wind depends on the sky’. |
French
dependre
Valency pattern:
SBJ_de
|
X: SBJ |
Y: de |
Locus: Y |
la |
mémoire |
d’ |
une |
personne |
dépend |
de |
son |
âge |
def
.
sg
.
f
|
memory(
f
)
|
of
|
indf
.
sg
.
f
|
person(
f
)
|
depend.
prs
.3
sg
|
of
|
one’s.
sg
.
m
|
age(
m
)
|
‘One's memory depends on their age.’ |
Georgian
da-mo-k'id-eb-ul-i + COP (PRS)
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT.SUPERESS
|
X: NOM |
Y: DAT.SUPERESS |
Locus: Y |
mexsiereba-Ø |
asak'-ze |
da-mo-k'id-eb-ul-i=a |
memory-
nom
|
age-
pstp
:
superess
|
prv
:downward-
prv
:
prox
-hang-
sm
-
ptcp
-
nom
=
cop
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate (participle). |
German
abhängen
Valency pattern:
NOM_vonDAT
|
X: NOM |
Y: vonDAT |
Locus: Y |
das |
Gedächtnis |
häng-t |
vom |
Alter |
ab |
def
.
n
.
nom
.
sg
|
memory[
nom
.
sg
]
|
hang-
prs
.3
sg
|
of.
def
.
n
.
dat
.
sg
|
age[
dat
.
sg
]
|
from
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Guinean Kpelle
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Icari Dargwa
b=ič:-aq-uj
Valency pattern:
ABS_ILL.ELAT
|
X: ABS |
Y: ILL.ELAT |
Locus: Y |
ʕaˤq'lu |
ʕuˤmru-la |
dus-m-a-cːi-r |
b=ikːʷ-il-ca=b |
mind.
abs
|
life-
gen
|
year-
pl
-
obl
-
ill
-
elat
|
n
=want:
ipf
-
adv
-
cop
=
n
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Irish
braith
Valency pattern:
SBJ_ar
|
X: SBJ |
Y: ar |
Locus: Y |
Braith-inn |
an |
cuimhne |
air |
an |
aois. |
depend-
prs
|
def
|
memory
|
on
|
def
|
age
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Italian
dipendere
Valency pattern:
SBJ_da
|
X: SBJ |
Y: da |
Locus: Y |
la |
salut-e |
dipend-e |
dall’ |
età |
def
.
sg
.
f
|
health-
sg
.
f
|
depend-3
sg
.
prs
|
by.
def
.
sg
.
f
|
age.
sg
.
f
|
‘Health depends on age.’ |
Kadar Dargwa
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
χugi |
iʁ-u=cada |
pamaˤt |
kam-b-ur-ar |
big
|
reach.
ipfv
-
prs
=as.much.as
|
memory(
rus
)
|
little-
n
-become.
ipfv
-
th
|
‘As you get older, your memory diminishes.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because the translation deviates too far from the stimulus sentence. |
Kalderash Romani
zavisil
Valency pattern:
NOM_ABL
|
X: NOM |
Y: ABL |
Locus: Y |
o |
pamiť-o |
zavis-il |
kata |
l |
bərš |
art
.
m
.
dir
.
sg
|
memory-
nom
.
sg
|
depend-
prs
.3
sg
|
from
|
art
.
pl
|
year[
nom
.
pl
]
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Kandyk Tabasaran
Valency pattern:
ABS_SUPER.ELAT
|
X: ABS |
Y: SUPER.ELAT |
Locus: Y |
šadval |
pul-il-an |
asilu |
vu |
happiness(
abs
)
|
money-
super
-
elat
|
dependent
|
cop
(
prs
)
|
‘Happiness depends on money.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Karata
baʔaɬa
Valency pattern:
NOM_LAT
|
X: NOM |
Y: LAT |
Locus: Y |
hek’wa-š:u-b |
pahmu |
rih-jar |
b-aʔ-a-b |
idja |
man-
obl
.
m
-
n
|
memory
|
age-
lat
|
n
-come-
pf
.
ptcp
-
n
|
cop
|
‘One’s memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate (participle). |
Kaytag Dargwa
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained |
Kazakh
baylanïs
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
X: NOM |
Y: DAT |
Locus: Y |
Žad-ï |
žas-qa |
baylanï-s-tï |
memory-
poss
3
|
age-
dat
|
depend-
rec
-
pst
1.3
sg
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Kazym Khanty
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Khoekhoe
mûmâinǃgâ
Valency pattern:
SBJ_ai
|
X: SBJ |
Y: ai |
Locus: Y |
ǂâi-s |
ge |
kuri-n |
ai |
mûmâinǃgâ |
hâ |
memory-3
f
.
sg
|
decl
|
year-3
c
.
pl
|
on
|
depend
|
pfv
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Khwarshi
gic'a
Valency pattern:
ABS_CONT.LAT
|
X: ABS |
Y: CONT.LAT |
Locus: Y |
ʕaq'u |
zamana-qo-l |
gic'a-na |
b-e:ča |
mind(
iii
)
|
time(
iii
)-
cont
-
lat
|
look-
pst
.
u
|
iii
-be\
gnt
|
‘One’s mind depends on one’s age.’ |
Kina Rutul
pet’ ruʔura
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
ul-id |
išɨɢ |
pet’ |
ruʔu-r=a |
q’aˁs-wol-i-kan |
eye-
attr
|
light
|
little
|
4.become.
ipfv
-
cvb
=be
|
old-
abstr
-
obl
-
com
|
‘Sight deteriorates with age.’ |
Note: Not included in the dataset because the translation deviates too far from the stimulus sentence. |
Kumyk
taʔsirli
Valency pattern:
NOM_ABL
|
X: NOM |
Y: ABL |
Locus: Y |
es |
ömür-den |
taʔsir-li |
memory
|
life-
abl
|
impact-
adjvz
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Latin
dependeo
Valency pattern:
NOM_exABL
|
X: NOM |
Y: exABL |
Locus: Y |
ex |
horum |
lev-issim-is |
mot-ibus |
fortun-ae |
popul-orum |
depende-nt |
from
|
this.
gen
.
pl
.
n
|
light-
sup
-
abl
.
pl
.
m
|
motion(
m
)-
abl
.
pl
|
fortune(
f
)-
nom
.
pl
|
people(
m
)-
gen
.
pl
|
depend[
prs
.
ind
]-
act
.3
pl
|
‘The fortunes of nations depend on their (stars’) slightest motions.’ |
Note: (Sen. Dia. 18, 3) |
Laz
o-Ɂ-u
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
X: NOM |
Y: INS |
Locus: Y |
nos-i |
c'ana-ten |
Ø-i-[ʔ]-en-Ø |
reason-
nom
|
year-
ins
|
s
3-
ver
:
s
-[be]-
sm
-
s
3
sg
.
inact
|
Lit. ‘Reason grows with age.’ |
Mandarin Chinese
qǔjué
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
jìyìlì |
de |
hǎo-huài |
qǔjué |
yú |
niánlíng |
memory
|
de
|
good-bad
|
depend
|
to
|
age
|
Lit. ‘The memory’s good or bad (state) depends on age.’ |
Note: Not included in the dataset because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. |
Mano
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Mehweb
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
ʡumru-li-če |
b-aʔ-ib-i |
b-uʔ-an |
ʡaˤq'lu=ra |
life-
obl
-
super
(
lat
)
|
n
-arrive:
pfv
-
pst
-
attr
|
n
-be-
hab
|
intelligence=
add
|
‘Intelligence comes with age.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because the translation deviates too far from the stimulus sentence. |
Mingrelian
Ø-o-r-en-Ø (PRS)
Valency pattern:
NOM_ALL
|
X: NOM |
Y: ALL |
Locus: Y |
šin-i |
orčinel-iša |
Ø-(o)-r-e(n)-Ø |
memory-
nom
|
age-
all
|
s
3-(
ver
:
sup
)-be-
sm
-
s
3
sg
.
inact
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Modern Hebrew
taluj
Valency pattern:
SBJ_be
|
X: SBJ |
Y: be |
Locus: Y |
zikaron |
taluj |
be |
gil |
memory
|
dependent
|
in
|
age
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Mukhad Rutul
asıllı jišin
Valency pattern:
NOM_SUPEREL
|
X: NOM |
Y: SUPEREL |
Locus: Y |
jik'-ıı |
ʁadgı-n |
ješ-aala |
asıllı |
jiʔi |
heart-
super
|
n
.remain_on.
pf
-
msd
|
age-
superel
|
dependent
|
n
.
cop
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Nanai
zavisela-
Valency pattern:
NOM_ABL
|
X: NOM |
Y: ABL |
Locus: Y |
əǯə-čə-u-ri |
zavisela-j-ni |
səə-ǯiəǯi |
remember-
res
-
imps
-
npst
|
depend-
npst
-
p
.3
sg
|
age-
abl
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Nivkh
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Northern Akhvakh
belooruƛa
Valency pattern:
NOM_LAT
|
X: NOM |
Y: LAT |
Locus: Y |
rak’wa-ro-ge |
čula |
b-eʁ-e |
zama |
b-eqq-ero-ga |
b-ela-ada |
gwede |
heart-
obl
-
loc
|
things
|
n
-stand-
seq
|
time
|
n
-cross-
ipf
.
ptcp
.
m
-
lat
|
n
-depend-
pf
.
ptcp
|
n
.
cop
|
‘Memory depends on age’ (lit. ‘The way thing remain in the memory depends on the passing of time’). |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Northern Mansi
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Northern Yukaghir
monnǝmu=
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
lugu-mu-rǝ |
ködǝ-n |
čuŋdǝ |
mon-nǝ-mu-nun-i |
be_old-
trnsf
-
cnv
|
man-
gen
|
mind
|
be_short-
stat
-
trnsf
-
hab
-
intr
.3
sg
|
Lit. ‘When one is getting old, one’s mind shortens.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because the translation deviates too far from the stimulus sentence. |
Norwegian Bokmål
å avhenge
Valency pattern:
SBJ_av
|
X: SBJ |
Y: av |
Locus: Y |
hukommels-en |
avhenge-r |
av |
alder-en |
memory-
def
.
m
.
sg
|
depend-
prs
|
of
|
age-
def
.
m
.
sg
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Polish
zależeć
Valency pattern:
NOM_odGEN
|
X: NOM |
Y: odGEN |
Locus: Y |
pamięć |
zależy |
od |
wiek-u |
memory[
nom
.
sg
]
|
depend:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
from
|
age-
gen
.
sg
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Russian
zavisetʹ
Valency pattern:
NOM_otGEN
|
X: NOM |
Y: otGEN |
Locus: Y |
pamjatʹ |
zavis-it |
ot |
vozrast-a |
memory(
f
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
depend(
ipfv
)-
prs
.3
sg
|
from
|
age(
m
)-
gen
.
sg
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Serbian
zavisiti
Valency pattern:
NOM_odGEN
|
X: NOM |
Y: odGEN |
Locus: Y |
Pamćenj-e |
zavisi |
od |
uzrast-a |
memory-
nom
.
sg
|
depend.
prs
.3
sg
|
from.near
|
age-
gen
.
sg
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Shinaz Rutul
asɨl-ɨ h-iši-n
Valency pattern:
NOM_EL
|
X: NOM |
Y: EL |
Locus: Y |
hik'i-j |
ʁatkɨ-n |
asɨl |
ɨj |
ješ-mɨ-la |
heart.
obl
-
super
|
n
.remain.
pf
-
msd
|
depending
|
cop
|
year-
pl
.
obl
-
el
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Shughni
wobastā vidow
Valency pattern:
NOM_EL
|
X: NOM |
Y: EL |
Locus: Y |
Pamyat |
as |
vozrast |
wobastā |
memory
|
el
|
age
|
dependent
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. In this example, the verb 'to be' is non-overt. |
Skolt Saami
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Slovak
závisieť
Valency pattern:
NOM_odGEN
|
X: NOM |
Y: odGEN |
Locus: Y |
Pamäť |
zavísí |
od |
vek-u |
memory(
f
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
depend(
ipfv
).
prs
.3
sg
|
from
|
age(
m
)-
gen
.
sg
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Slovenian
biti odvisen
Valency pattern:
NOM_odGEN
|
X: NOM |
Y: odGEN |
Locus: Y |
spomin |
je |
odvisen |
od |
starost-i |
memory[
nom
.
sg
]
|
be.
prs
.3
sg
|
dependent[
nom
.
sg
.
m
]
|
from
|
age-
gen
.
sg
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Sorani Kurdish
westan
Valency pattern:
SBJ.INTR_le.ser
|
X: SBJ.INTR |
Y: le.ser |
Locus: Y |
bîrge |
de-west-êt-e |
ser |
temen |
memory
|
ind
-stand.
prs
-3
sg
-to
|
head
|
age
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: The verbal marker –e is the result of the “migration” of the preposition "le", cf. “bîrge de-west-êt le-ser temen”. |
Southern Rutul
aslı yişin
Valency pattern:
NOM_SUPEREL
|
X: NOM |
Y: SUPEREL |
Locus: Y |
yaddaş |
yaş-aala |
aslı |
i |
memory
|
age-
superel
|
depending
|
(
n
)
cop
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Spanish
depender
Valency pattern:
SBJ_de
|
X: SBJ |
Y: de |
Locus: Y |
la |
memoria |
depend-e |
de |
la |
edad |
art
.
def
.
sg
.
f
|
memory[
sg
.
f
]
|
depend-
prs
.3
sg
|
from
|
art
.
def
.
sg
.
f
|
age[
sg
.
f
]
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Standard Arabic
taʕallaqa
Valency pattern:
NOM_biGEN
|
X: NOM |
Y: biGEN |
Locus: Y |
Ɂaḏ-ḏākirat-u |
tataʕallaqu |
bi=l-ʕumr-i |
def
-memory(
f
)-
nom
|
depend.
ipf
.3
f
|
by=
def
-age-
gen
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Svan
l-i (PRS)
Valency pattern:
NOM_SUPERESS
|
X: NOM |
Y: SUPERESS |
Locus: Y |
ala-Ø |
eče-ži |
l-i |
dem
.
prox
-
nom
|
dem
.
dist
-
superess
|
s
3-be
|
‘This (thing) depends (lit. ‘is’) on that (thing).’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. This structure is rarely used in isolation (typically, a dependent clause would be used, as in ‘Prices depend on (that) whether there are many tourists.’ |
Swedish
att bero
Valency pattern:
SBJ_pa
|
X: SBJ |
Y: pa |
Locus: Y |
minn-et |
bero-r |
på |
ålder-n |
memory-
def
.
n
.
sg
|
depend-
prs
|
on
|
age-
def
.
c
.
sg
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Tagalog
Valency pattern:
SBJNV_LOC
|
X: SBJNV |
Y: LOC |
Locus: XY |
naka-depende |
ang |
memorya |
sa |
edad |
stat
-depend
|
subj
|
memory
|
dat
|
age
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate (state). |
Telugu
ādhārapaḍu
Valency pattern:
NOM_OBLmida
|
X: NOM |
Y: OBLmida |
Locus: Y |
jñāpakašakti |
vayasu |
mīda |
ādhārapaḍi |
uṁṭuṁdi |
memory_force(
n
).
sg
.
nom
|
age(
n
).
sg
.
obl
|
on
|
depend.
cvb
.
ant
|
be.
dur
.3
sg
.
nm
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Tsakhur
asılı ıхhay
Valency pattern:
NOM_CONTEL
|
X: NOM |
Y: CONTEL |
Locus: Y |
bič’ |
yeš-ı-ke |
asılı-ba |
vo-b-na |
memory(
a
)
|
age-
obl
-
contel
|
depending-
a
|
cop
-
a
-
a
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Tsudakhar Dargwa
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Tsugni Dargwa
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Turkish
bağlı olmak
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
X: NOM |
Y: DAT |
Locus: Y |
akıl |
yaş-a |
bağlı-dır |
mind
|
age-
dat
|
dependent-
cop
.3
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Turoyo
maləx
Valency pattern:
SBJ_7am
|
X: SBJ |
Y: 7am |
Locus: Y |
u |
hawno |
ko-maləx |
ʕam |
u |
ʕəmro |
art
.
m
|
cognition(
m
)
|
prs
-walk.
ipfv
.3
m
|
with
|
art
.
m
|
age(
m
)
|
‘Cognition depends on age’, lit. ‘Cognition goes along with age.’ |
Twi
gyina
Valency pattern:
SBJ_so
|
X: SBJ |
Y: so |
Locus: Y |
nkaeε |
gyina |
mfeε |
so |
memory
|
stand(3
sg
.
prs
)
|
age
|
on
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Ulcha
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Uzbek
boɣlanišmoq
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
X: NOM |
Y: DAT |
Locus: Y |
xotira |
yoši-ga |
boɣlan-iš-ti |
age
|
memory-
dat
|
connect-
recp
-
pst
.3
sg
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
West Central Oromo
hundaaʔa
Valency pattern:
NOM_ABSirratti
|
X: NOM |
Y: ABSirratti |
Locus: Y |
jaadattʃuu-n |
umurii |
irra-tti |
hundaaʔ-a |
memory-
nom
|
age.
abs
|
on-
loc
|
depend-3
sg
.
m
.
ipfv
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Wolof
aju
Valency pattern:
SBJ_ci
|
X: SBJ |
Y: ci |
Locus: Y |
mungi |
aju |
ci |
dikk-am |
s
i
:3
sg
.
prst
|
depend
|
loc
|
arrival-
poss
:3
sg
|
‘It depends on his arrival.’ |
Yargun Lezgian
Valency pattern:
NOM_SUPEL
|
X: NOM |
Y: SUPEL |
Locus: Y |
yaddaș |
yaș-di-laa |
asıllı |
ya |
memory
|
age-
obl
-
supel
|
depending
|
cop
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Zazaki
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
vir |
ɡɨredaji-je |
sɛrr-an=o |
memory
|
dependant-
ez
.
m
|
year-
pl
.
obl
=
cop
.3
sg
.
m
|
‘Memory depends on age.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. Non-verbal predicate. |
Zilo Andi
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
aqχ’ulo |
r-uʔ.inn-ija |
w-oχːor-ɬir-qχi |
knowledge
|
inan
2-go.
npst
-
fut
|
m
-old-
abst
-
inst
|
‘Memory goes away with age.’ |
Note: Not included in the dataset because the translation deviates too far from the stimulus sentence. |