‘cross’
| Argument frame: | X (cross) Y |
| Stimulus sentence: | (P. saw that the shop is on the other side of the road.) P. crossed the road (and entered the shop). |
| Predicate label Ru: | пересечь |
| Argument frame Ru: | X (пересекать) Y (улицу) |
| Stimulus sentence Ru: | (П. увидел, что магазин на другой стороне дороги. Тогда). П. пересек дорогу (и вошел в магазин). |
Abaza [qə-]sə
| Valency pattern: ABS_LOCqe |
| X: ABS |
| Y: LOCqe |
| Locus: Y |
| a-phʷə́s | á-mʕʷa | d-a-qə́-s-d |
| def -woman | def -road | 3 sg . h . abs -3 sg . n . io - loc -hit( aor )- dcl |
| ‘The woman crossed the road.’ | ||
Aghul te qːʷal.a-s ajč’.u-
| Valency pattern: NA |
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| aslan | reqː.ü-n | te | qːʷal.a-s | ajč’.u-ne |
| pn | road- gen | demt | side- dat | { in }emerge. pf - aor |
| ‘Aslan crossed the road.’ (lit. ‘Aslan emerged on the other side of the road.’) | ||||
| Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. | ||||
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic +avər
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| sava | urxa | +vər-a-l |
| old. m | way( f ) | enter. pst - ss .3 f - ls .3 m |
| ‘The oldman crossed the road.’ | ||
| Note: Non-Urmi speaker. | ||
Brazilian Portuguese atravessar
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro | atravess-ou | a | rua |
| pn ( m ) | cross-3 sg . pst | def . f | street( f ) |
| ‘Pedro crossed the street.’ | |||
Catalan creure
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| en | Pere | va | creu-ar | la | carretera |
| def . sg . m | pn ( m ) | go.3 sg . prs . ind | cross- inf | def . sg . f | road( f ) |
| ‘Pere crossed the road.’ | |||||
Czech přejít
| Valency pattern: NOM_presACC |
| X: NOM |
| Y: presACC |
| Locus: Y |
| Petr | přeše-l | přes | ulic-i |
| pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] | cross( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] | over | street( f )- acc . sg |
| ‘Petr crossed the street.’ | |||
Danish krydse
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter | krydse-de | vej-en |
| pn | cross- pst | road( c )- def . sg |
| ‘Peter crossed the road.’ | ||
Dutch oversteken
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Piet | heeft | de | straat | overstok-en |
| pn ( c ) | have.3 sg | art . def . c | street( c ) | cross- ptcp |
| ‘Piet crossed the street.’ | ||||
Estonian ületama
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Peeter | ületa-s | tee |
| pn . sg . nom | cross- prs .3 sg | road. sg . gen |
| ‘Peeter crossed the road.’ | ||
Finnish ylittää
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Pekka | ylitt-i | tie-n |
| pn . nom | cross- pst .3 sg | road- gen |
| ‘Pekka crossed the road.’ | ||
Forest Enets kanʲe
| Valency pattern: NOM_OBLnoru |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBLnoru |
| Locus: Y |
| modʲi | kasa-jʔ | sɛxɛri | nɔruʔ | kanʲi |
| i | man- nom . sg .1 sg | road | across | leave( pfv ).3 sg . s |
| ‘My friend crossed the road’. | ||||
German kreuzen
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Karl | kreuz-te | die | Straße |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | cross- pst .3 sg | def . f . acc . sg | street[ acc . sg ] |
| ‘Karl crossed the road.’ | |||
Italian attraversare
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Leo | ha | attraversato | la | strad-a |
| pn ( m ) | aux .3 sg . prs | cross. pst . ptcp | def . sg . f | street- sg . f |
| ‘Leo crossed the street.’ | ||||
Kazakh kes-іp öt
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petya | žol-dï | kes-іp | öt-tі |
| pn | way- acc | cut- cvb | pass- pst 1.3 sg |
| ‘Petya crossed the road.’ | |||
Kazym Khanty mănti
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| pet’a-j-en | jǫš | šǫpa | măn-ǝs |
| pn - ep - poss .2 sg | road | in_halves | go- pst [3 sg ] |
| ‘Petja crossed the road.’ | |||
Latin transeo
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| rar-us | ab | Itali-a | tantum | mar-e | navit-a | transi-t |
| rare- nom . sg . m | from | i taly( f )- abl . sg | so_much | sea( n )- acc . sg | sailor( m )- nom . sg | cross[ prs . ind ]- act .3 sg |
| ‘Few sailors cross the sea so far from Italy.’ | ||||||
| Note: (Ov. Tristia. III, 12, 39) | ||||||
Modern Hebrew χatsa
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pinχas | χatsa | et | ha | reχov |
| pn | cross[ pst .3 sg . m ] | do | def | street |
| ‘Pinchas crossed the road.’ | ||||
Nanai dao-
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Petia | pokto-wa | dao-xa-ni |
| pn | road- obl | cross- npst - p .3 sg |
| ‘Petia crossed the road.’ | ||
Nivkh *
| Valency pattern: NA |
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
| * |
| * |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Norwegian Bokmål å krysse
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Per | krysse-t | vei-en |
| pn | cross- pst | way- def . m . sg |
| ‘Per crossed the road.’ | ||
Polish przejść
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Stefan | przeszed-ł | drog-ę |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | cross: pfv \ pst - pst [ m .3 sg ] | road- acc . sg |
| ‘Stefan crossed the road.’ | ||
Russian peresečʹ
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Pet-ja | peresek | dorog-u |
| pn ( m )- nom . sg | cross( pfv ). pst [ m . sg ] | road- acc . sg |
| ‘Petja crossed the road.’ | ||
Rutul tiʔ eʁeč’ur
| Valency pattern: NOM_IN.EL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: IN.EL |
| Locus: Y |
| rasul | rɨˀɢ-a: | tiʔ | e-ʁ-eč’u-r |
| pn ( nom ) | road. obl - in . el | there | pv - pv -1.cross. pfv - cvb |
| ‘Rasul crossed the road.’ | |||
Serbian prešao
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petar | je | preša-o | ulic-u |
| pn . nom . sg | быть. prs .3 sg | перейти- part . perf .М. sg | улица-Α cc . sg |
| ‘Петар перешел улицу.’ | |||
Shughni naɣ̌ǰīdow
| Valency pattern: NOM_EL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: EL |
| Locus: Y |
| Azim | as | půnd | naɣ̌ǰī-d |
| pn | el | road | pass- pst |
| ‘Azim crossed the road.’ | |||
Skolt Saami mõõnnâd
| Valency pattern: NOM_GENraast |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GENraast |
| Locus: Y |
| Peâtt | mõõn-i | čuõkku | rââst |
| pn . sg . nom | go. pst .3 sg | road. sg . gen | across |
| ‘Pete crossed the road’ | |||
Slovenian prečkati
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter | je | prečka-l | cest-o |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | cross: pfv - lpt [ m . sg ] | road- acc . sg |
| ‘Peter crossed the road.’ | |||
Spanish cruzar
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro | cruz-ó | la | calle |
| pn [ sg . m ] | cross- aor .3 sg | art . def . sg . f | street[ sg . f ] |
| ‘Pedro crossed the street.’ | |||
Swedish att gå över
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Björn | gick | över | gata-n |
| pn | go. pst | over | street- def . c . sg |
| ‘Björn crossed the road.’ | |||
| Note: Phrasal verb (över is not a flagging device). | |||
Turkish *
| Valency pattern: NA |
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| Mehmet | yol-dan | karşı-ya | geç-ti |
| pn | way- abl | opposite- dat | pass- pst |
| ‘Mehmet crossed to the other side of the street.’ | |||
| Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. | |||
Ulcha wəli-
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| əgdi | xurəm-bə | wəlu-m |
| many | mountain- acc | cross- cvb . sim . sg |
| ‘After crossing many mountains...’ | ||
| Note: This example is taken from natural texts. | ||
Zilo Andi <b>-uqχ’-i
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| ali-di | miqχ’i | b-uqχ’-i |
| pn - erg | road[ inan 1][ nom ] | inan 1-displace. pst ( aor ) |
| ‘Ali crossed the road.’ | ||