BivalTyp

Лаборатория типологического изучения языков    Институт лингвистических исследований РАН

‘cover’

Argument frame: X (cover) Y
Stimulus sentence: The carpet covers the whole floor .
Predicate label Ru: покрывать
Argument frame Ru: X (покрывать) Y
Stimulus sentence Ru: Ковер покрывает весь пол .

Abaza q-ʕʷa

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: ABS
Locus: TR
a-pól šabgə́w a-q̇adába j-q-na-ʕʷ-ə́j-d
def -floor fully def -carpet 3 sg . n . abs - loc -3 sg . n . erg -close- prs - dcl
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Adyghe č̣e-wəχʷəme

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: ABS
Locus: TR
aləreʁʷə-m ǯʼexaŝʷe-r č̣-j-e-wəχʷəme
ковёр- obl пол- abs loc : under -3 sg . erg - dyn -беречь
‘Ковер покрывает пол.’

Aghul fac.a-

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: ABS
Locus: TR
q’adilq’ʷan.di k’ildi ǯil fac.a-a
carpet( erg ) fully graound grasp. ipf - prs
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic maccəs

Valency pattern: SBJ_ka
X: SBJ
Y: ka
Locus: Y
+xali muccəs-la ka cullə +ustol
carpet( f ) cover. pst - ls .3 f to all table( m )
‘The carpet covers the whole table.’
Note: Non-Urmi speaker.

Bambara dátugu

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
fìni` bɛ́_kà dén` dátugu
cloth\ art prog child\ art cover
‘A cloth covers a child.’

Brazilian Portuguese cobrir

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
o tapete cobr-e tod-o o chão
def . m carpet( m ) cover-3 sg . pst all- m def . m floor( m )
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Catalan cobrir

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
la catifa cobreix tot el terra del pis
def . sg . f carpet( f ) cover.3 sg . prs . ind all def . sg . m ground of. def . sg . m flat( m )
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Czech pokrývat

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
koberec pokrývá cel-ou podlah-u
carpet( m )[ nom . sg ] cover( ipfv ). prs .3 sg whole- f . acc . sg floor( f )- acc . sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Danish dække

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Tæpp-et dække-r hel-e gulv-et
carpet( n )- def . sg cover- prs whole- def . sg floor( n )- def . sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Dutch bedekken

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
het tapijt bedek-t de hele vloer
art . def . n carpet( n ) cover-3 sg art . def whole floor( c )
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Eastern Maninka bɔ́

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Bídinkan` yé láfen` bɔ́-la.
blanket\ art be bed\ art exit- inf . la
‘The blanket covers the whole bed.’

English cover

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
The carpet covers the whole floor.

Estonian katma

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: GEN~PART~NOM
Locus: TR
vaip kata-b terve põranda
carpet. sg . nom cover- prs .3 sg whole. sg . gen floor. sg . gen
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Finnish peittää

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: GEN~PART~NOM
Locus: TR
matto peitt-ää koko lattia-n
carpet. nom cover- prs .3 sg whole floor- gen
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Forest Enets sɛja

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
koba lata tʃuktʃi sɛja-za
skin board all close( pfv )-3 sg . so sg
‘The skin covers the whole floor’.

French couvrir

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
le tapis couvre tout le plancher
def . sg . m carpet( m ) cover. prs .3 sg all. sg . m def . sg . m floor( m )
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Georgian Ø-par-av-s (PRS)

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: NOM
Locus: TR
xaliča-Ø iatak-s mtlianad Ø-par-av-s
carpet- nom floor- dat fully do 3-cover- sm - s 3 sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

German bedecken

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
der Teppich bedeck-t den ganz-en Boden
def . m . nom . sg carpet[ nom . sg ] cover- prs .3 sg def . m . acc . sg whole- m . acc . sg ground[ acc . sg ]
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Irish clúdaigh

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Clúd-íonn an cairpéad an urlár air_fad.
cover- prs def carpet def floor fully
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Italian coprire

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
il tappet-o copr-e tutt-o il paviment-o
def . sg . m carpet- sg . m cover-3 sg . prs all- sg . m def . sg . m floor- sg . m
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Kalderash Romani vuśaravel

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
ə ponʼav-a vuśara-ď-a sa o pol-o
art . f . dir . sg carpet- nom . sg cover- pst -3 sg all art . m . dir . sg floor- acc . sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Kazakh žaw

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Kіlem eden-nіŋ bärі-n žaw-ïp žatïr
carpet floor- gen whole- acc cover- cvb lie.3 sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Kazym Khanty laŋkti

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
tăm laŋkǝp isa χɔt_χǎri laŋk-s-ǝλλe
this coverlet totally floor cover- pst -3 sg . so
‘The coverlet covered the whole floor.’

Khwarshi

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: ABS
Locus: TR
dajhan-i cuco:χa q'el
ковер- erg покрывать\ gnt пол( iv )
‘Ковер покрывает пол.’

Kina Rutul χowq’ura

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: NOM
Locus: TR
χajma-ra χ-o<w>q’u-r=a sin ǯil
carpet- erg pv -<3>catch. pfv - cvb =be whole floor( nom )
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Latin tego

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
est mihi marmore-a sacrat-us in aed-e Sychae-us, opposit-ae frond-es veller-a-que alb-a teg-unt
be. prs . ind . act .3 sg i . dat marble- abl . sg . f sacred- nom . sg . m in temple( f )- abl . sg s ychaeus( m )- nom . sg oppose. prf . ptcp . pass - nom . pl . f leaf( f )- nom . pl wool( n )- nom . pl -and white- nom . pl . n cover[ prs . ind ]- act .3 pl
‘I have in my marble temple sacred Sychaeus, the scattered leaves and white wool cover (it).’
Note: (Ov. Ep. 7, 100)

Mandarin Chinese fùgài

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
zhè-kuài dìtǎn fùgài zhe zhěng-kuài dìbǎn
this- clf carpet cover dur whole- clf floor
‘This carpet covers the whole floor.’

Mingrelian Ø-por-un-s (PRS)

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: NOM
Locus: TR
nox-(i) tel p'rol-s Ø-por-un-s.
carpet- nom entire floor- dat do 3-cover- sm - s 3 sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Modern Hebrew meχas-e

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
ha ʃatiaχ meχas-e et kol ha ritspa
def carptet cover[ ptcp . sg ]- m do whole def floor
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Nanai dasi-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
Paǯeran dase-ko-ni pala-mba xəm dasi-xə-ni
wall close- instr - p .3 sg floor- obl whole close- pst - p .3 sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Nivkh lact

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
tʰu tʰlaŋi + ŋamaɟ-ɣir̥ lac-t-ɣun
narta reindeer + skin- ins underlay- ind - pl
‘(They) covered the narta with reindeed skins.’
Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate.

Northern Mansi lappantǝs

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
jānij tor kolkan lap-pant-ǝs
big cloth floor close-cover- pst [3 sg ]
‘A large cloth covered the whole floor.’

Northern Yukaghir уmуsǝj=

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
kovjer indulǝ-lǝ jаwn-uo umusǝ-j-m
carpet floor- acc all- obl close- pf - tr .3 sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Norwegian Bokmål å dekke

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
tepp-et dekke-r hele gulv-et
carpet- def . n . sg cover- prs whole floor- def . n . sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Polish pokrywać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
dywan pokrywa cał-ą podłog-ę
carpet[ nom . sg ] cover: ipfv . prs .3 sg whole- f . acc . sg floor- acc . sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Russian pokryvatʹ

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
kover pokryva-et vesʹ pol
carpet( m )[ nom . sg ] cover( ipfv )- prs .3 sg all[ m . acc . sg ] floor( m )[ acc . sg ]
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Serbian pokrivati

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
tepih pokriva ceo pod
carpet. nom . sg cover. prs .3 sg all. acc . sg . m floor. acc . sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Shughni čust čīdow

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
pilês fuk pol čust kix̌-t
carpet all floor closed do-3 sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Skolt Saami käʹtted

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
šaʹlddräänn kätt obb šââʹld
carpet. sg . nom cover. prs .3 sg all floor. sg . acc
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Slovak pokrývať

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Koberec pokrýva cel-ú podlah-u
carpet( m )[ nom . sg ] cover( ipfv ). prs .3 sg whole- f . acc . sg floor( f )- acc . sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Slovenian pokrivati

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
preprog-a pokriva cel-a tl-a
carpet- nom . sg cover: ipfv . prs .3 sg whole- acc . pl . n floor- acc . pl
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Sorani Kurdish dapoʂîn

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
fer̂ʂ-eke tewaw kef-eke=î da-de-poʂ-ê
carpet- def complete floor- def =3 sg . pc prev - ind -cover. prs -3 sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Spanish cubrir

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
la alfombra cubr-e tod-o el suelo
art . def . sg . f carpet[ sg . f ] cover- prs .3 sg all- sg . m art . def . sg . m floor[ sg . m ]
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Swedish att täcka

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
matta-n täck-er hela golv-et
carpet- def . c . sg cover- prs whole floor- def . n . sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Tagalog

Valency pattern: ACT_LOC
X: ACT
Y: LOC
Locus: Y
Na-ta~takp-an ng karpet ang buo-ng sahig
potpv - ipfv ~cover- lv gen carpet subj whole- lin floor
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’
Note: ??? Can you change the voice and turn the carpet into the subject here?

Telugu parucukōnu

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
kārpiṭ nēla mottānni parucukuṁdi
carpet( n ). sg . nom floor( n ). sg . obl sum( n ). sg . obl . acc spread_over. pst .3 sg . nm
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Turkish kaplamak

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
halı bütün yer-i kaplı-yor
carpet whole place- acc cover- prs
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

Ulcha dasi-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
əj qorča daqanča-ni qorča-wa čupal dasi-xa-ni
this wall coverlet-3 sg wall- acc whole close- pst -3 sg
‘The carpet covers the whole wall.’

Uzbek qoplamoq

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
gilam barča qavat-i-ni qopla-yab-ti
carpet all floor- poss .3 sg - acc cover- prs 1-3 sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

West Central Oromo uwwisa

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ABS
Locus: TR
afaa-n sun laf-ittʃa guutummaan uwwis-a
carpet- nom that. nom space- def . abs fully cover-3 sg . m . ipfv
‘The carpet fully covers the space.’

Zilo Andi riʃd.i-r

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: NOM
Locus: TR
t’amsu-di riʃd.i-r itɬuɡu hoʔor
carpet. obl - erg lock. pst - prog all floor[ inan 1][ nom ]
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’