‘cost’
| Argument frame: |
X
(cost)
Y
|
| Stimulus sentence: |
This cup
costs
1 euro
.
|
| Predicate label Ru: |
стоить
|
| Argument frame Ru: |
X
(стоить)
Y
(один доллар)
|
| Stimulus sentence Ru: |
Эта чашка] стоит [один доллар
.
|
Abaza
χʷə
|
Valency pattern:
IO_ABS
|
| X: IO |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: X |
| arjə́ |
ápχ’aga |
som-ŝ-ḳ |
j-a-χʷ-ṗ |
|
prox
|
def
+book
|
rouble-hundred-
unit
|
3
sg
.
n
.
abs
-3
sg
.
n
.
io
-price-
npst
.
dcl
|
| ‘This book costs one hundred roubles.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Aghul
q’imat + COP
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| me |
qːab.u-n |
q’imat |
ic’u |
manat |
e |
|
demm
|
dishes-
gen
|
price
|
10
|
ruble
|
cop
|
| ‘This cup costs ten rubles.’ |
| Note: Not included in the database because 1) X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier and 2) Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument). |
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
+dakər
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| +sudra |
+dakr-a |
əmma |
+manət |
|
shirt(
f
)
|
cost.
prs
-
ss
.3
f
|
hundred
|
rouble(
m
)
|
| ‘This shirt costs one hundred roubles.’ |
Brazilian Portuguese
custar
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| ess-a |
xícar-a |
cust-a |
um |
dólar |
|
dem
.
med
-
f
|
cup(
f
)
|
cost-3
sg
.
prs
|
indf
|
dollar(
m
)
|
| ‘This cup costs a dollar.’ |
Catalan
costar
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| aquest-a |
tassa |
cost-a |
un |
euro |
|
this-
sg
.
f
|
cup(
f
)
|
cost-3
sg
.
prs
.
ind
|
indf
.
sg
.
m
|
euro(
m
)
|
| ‘This cup costs 1 euro.’ |
Czech
stát
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| ta |
sklenic-e |
stojí |
jeden |
dolar |
|
this.
f
.
nom
.
sg
|
glass(
f
)-
nom
.
sg
|
cost(
ipfv
).
prs
.3
sg
|
one[
m
.
acc
.
sg
]
|
dollar(
m
)[
acc
.
sg
]
|
| ‘This glass costs one dollar.’ |
Danish
koste
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Kopp-en |
koste-r |
en |
euro |
|
cup(
c
)-
def
.
sg
|
cost-
prs
|
one
|
euro(
c
)
|
| ‘The cup costs 1 euro.’ |
Dutch
kosten
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| deze |
kopje |
kost |
één |
dollar |
|
dem
.
n
.
sg
|
cup(
n
)
|
cost.3
sg
|
one
|
dollar(
c
)
|
| ‘This cup costs one dollar.’ |
Estonian
maksma
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| see |
tops |
maksa-b |
ühe |
euro |
|
dem
.
sg
.
nom
|
cup.
sg
.
nom
|
cost-
prs
.3
sg
|
one.
sg
.
gen
|
euro.
sg
.
gen
|
| ‘This cup costs 1 euro.’ |
Finnish
maksaa
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| tämä |
kuppi |
maks-aa |
yhden |
euro-n |
|
this.
nom
|
cup.
nom
|
cost-
prs
.3
sg
|
one.
gen
|
euro-
gen
|
| ‘This cup costs 1 euro.’ |
Forest Enets
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| ɛke |
tʃaʃka |
mirzo-za |
dʲuʔ |
bɛse |
|
this
|
cup
|
price-
nom
.
sg
.3
sg
|
hundred
|
iron
|
| ‘The price of this cup is one hundred roubles’. |
| Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as a non-verbal predicate. |
German
kosten
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| die |
Tasse |
koste-t |
ein-en |
Euro |
|
def
.
f
.
nom
.
sg
|
cup[
nom
.
sg
]
|
cost-
prs
.
sg
|
one-
m
.
acc
.
sg
|
euro[
acc
.
sg
]
|
| ‘The cup costs 1 euro.’ |
Italian
costare
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| la |
tazz-a |
cost-a |
un |
dollar-o |
|
def
.
sg
.
f
|
cup-
sg
.
f
|
cost-3
sg
.
prs
|
indf
.
sg
.
m
|
dollar-
sg
.
m
|
| ‘The cup costs a dollar.’ |
Kazakh
tur
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Bul |
kese |
bіr |
dollar |
tur-adï |
|
this
|
cup
|
one
|
dollar
|
cost-
prs
2.3
sg
|
| ‘This cup costs one dollar.’ |
Kazym Khanty
*
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| tǎm |
an-en |
tǝn-λ |
sɔt |
šɔjǝt |
|
this
|
cup-
poss
.2
sg
|
price-
poss
.3
sg
|
hundred
|
rouble
|
| ‘This cup costs 100 roubles.’ |
| Note: Not included in the database because 1) X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier and 2) Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument). |
Latin
consto
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_ABL
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ABL |
| Locus: Y |
| VI |
mil-ibus |
D |
tibi |
consta-re-nt |
ea |
|
6
|
thousand(
n
)-
abl
.
pl
|
500
|
you.
dat
|
cost-
ipfv
.
sbjv
-
act
.3
pl
|
this.
nom
.
pl
.
n
|
| ‘This would cost you 6500.’ |
| Note: (Cic. In Verrem. 4, 1, 28) |
Modern Hebrew
ol-a
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| ha |
kos |
ha |
z-ot |
ol-a |
juro |
|
def
|
cup
|
def
|
this[
sg
]-
f
|
cost[
ptcp
]-
sg
.
f
|
euro
|
| ‘This cup costs 1 euro.’ |
Nanai
sali-
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_NOM(NO.AGR)
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: NOM(NO.AGR) |
| Locus: Y |
| əj |
aleo |
əm |
tiəsə |
sali-ni |
|
this
|
tableware
|
one
|
rouble
|
cost.
npst
-
p
.3
sg
|
| ‘This cup costs 1 rouble.’ |
Nivkh
erʁad
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| tu |
+ |
ŋirŋ |
ɲaqr̥ |
cʰχa |
e-rʁa-d |
|
dem
.
prox
|
+
|
cup
|
one
|
rouble
|
3
sg
-cost-
ind
|
| ‘This cup costs 1 rouble.’ |
Norwegian Bokmål
å koste
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| denne |
kopp-en |
koste-r |
en |
dollar |
|
this.
m
.
sg
|
cup-
def
.
m
.
sg
|
cost-
prs
|
one.
m
|
dollar
|
| ‘This cup costs one dollar.’ |
Polish
kosztować
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| ta |
filiżank-a |
kosztuje |
jeden |
dolar |
|
this.
f
.
nom
.
sg
|
cup-
nom
.
sg
|
cost:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
one[
m
.
acc
.
sg
]
|
dollar[
acc
.
sg
]
|
| ‘This cup costs one dollar.’ |
Russian
stoitʹ
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| èt-a |
čašk-a |
sto-it |
odin |
dollar |
|
this-
f
.
nom
.
sg
|
cup(
f
)-
nom
.
sg
|
cost(
ipfv
)-
prs
.3
sg
|
one[
m
.
acc
.
sg
]
|
dollar(
m
)[
acc
.
sg
]
|
| ‘This cup costs 1 dollar.’ |
Rutul
wiɁi
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| mi |
istek’an |
sa |
manut-a-s |
w-iɁi |
|
this
|
cup(
nom
)
|
one
|
rouble-
obl
-
dat
|
3-
cop
|
| ‘This cup costs 1 rouble.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Serbian
košta
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| ta |
šolj-a |
košta |
jedan |
dolar |
|
этот.
nom
.
sg
.
f
|
чашка-
nom
.
sg
|
стоить.
prs
.3
sg
|
один.
acc
.
sg
.
m
|
доллар.
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Эта чашка стоит 1 доллар.’ |
Shughni
vidow
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| yid |
garδā |
3 |
som |
|
d
2.
sg
|
bread
|
3
|
somoni
|
| ‘This cup costs three somoni.’ |
| Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument). |
Skolt Saami
mäʹhssed
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_NOM
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: Y |
| tät |
kopp |
mähss |
õhtt |
euʹrr |
|
prox
.
sg
.
nom
|
cup.
sg
.
nom
|
cost.
prs
.3
sg
|
one.
nom
|
euro.
nom
|
| ‘This cup costs 1 euro.’ |
Slovenian
stati
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| ta |
skodelic-a |
stane |
en-o |
kron-o |
|
this.
nom
.
sg
.
f
|
cup-
nom
.
sg
|
cost:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
one-
acc
.
sg
.
f
|
crown-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘This cup costs one crown.’ |
Spanish
costar
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| est-a |
taza |
cuest-a |
un |
dólar |
|
this-
sg
.
f
|
cup[
sg
.
f
]
|
cost-
prs
.3
sg
|
art
.
ndef
.
sg
.
m
|
dollar[
sg
.
m
]
|
| ‘This cup costs one dollar.’ |
Swedish
att kosta
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| den |
här |
kopp-en |
kosta-r |
1 |
euro |
|
def
.
c
.
sg
|
here
|
cup-
def
.
c
.
sg
|
cost-
prs
|
one
|
euro
|
| ‘This cup costs 1 euro.’ |
Turkish
etmek
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| bu |
bardak |
bir |
lira |
ed-iyor |
|
this
|
glass
|
one
|
lira
|
make-
prs
|
| ‘This glass costs one lira.’ |
Ulcha
bi-
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| əj |
mewti |
um |
taŋgu-du |
bī-ni |
|
this
|
gun
|
one
|
hundred-
dat
|
be.
prs
-3
sg
|
| ‘This gun costs a hundred (roubles).’ |
Zilo Andi
baha
|
Valency pattern:
GEN_NOM
|
| X: GEN |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: X |
| ho-no-b |
kuruʃku-tɬi |
baha |
oziru-ɡu |
som |
|
dem
-
emph
-
inan
1
|
cup.
obl
-
gen
|
price[
inan
1][
nom
]
|
thousand-
card
|
rouble
|
| ‘This cup costs a thousand roubles.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
