‘be surprised’
Argument frame: | X (be surprised) at Y |
Stimulus sentence: | (M. made P. an expensive gift.) P. was surprised at this gift . |
Predicate label Ru: | удивляться |
Argument frame Ru: | X (удивляться) Y -у |
Stimulus sentence Ru: | (М. сделала П. дорогой подарок). П. удивился этому подарку . |
Valency pattern: TR |
X: ERG |
Y: ABS |
Locus: TR |
murád | awə́j | a-sawʕá | ǯ’a-j-š’á-ṭ |
pn | dist | def -gift | loc -3 sg . erg -wonder( aor )- dcl |
‘Murad was surprised with this gift.’ |
Valency pattern: ABS_SUPER |
X: ABS |
Y: SUPER |
Locus: Y |
aslan | ʡalamat | x.u-ne | [uč.i-s | aq’.u | peškeš.i-l] |
pn | amazing | become. pf - aor | self- dat | do. pf ( ptcp ) | gift- super |
‘Aslan was surprised at this gift that he received.’ |
Valency pattern: SBJ_bi |
X: SBJ |
Y: bi |
Locus: Y |
ana | +uǧǧəb-li | b | d-a | pəštəš |
i | be_surprised. pst - ls .1 sg | with | obl - dem 1. sg | gift( f ) |
‘I was surprised at this gift.’ | ||||
Note: pəštaš is a dialect realization of pašcaš or pəšcaš. |
Valency pattern: NOM_ABL |
X: NOM |
Y: ABL |
Locus: Y |
modʲi | kasa-jʔ | mɛzesi-xozo-da | dʲɔkee |
i | man- nom . sg .1 sg | gift- abl . sg - obl . sg .3 sg | be_surprised( pfv ).3 sg . s |
‘My friend was surprised at the gift’. |
Valency pattern: SBJ_mi |
X: SBJ |
Y: mi |
Locus: Y |
Pinχas | hufta | me | ha | matana | ha | z-o |
pn | be.surprised[ pst .3 sg . m ] | from | def | gift | def | this- sg . f |
‘Pinchas was surprised at this gift.’ |
Valency pattern: SBJ_over |
X: SBJ |
Y: over |
Locus: Y |
Per | ble | overraske-t | over | gav-en |
pn | become. pst | surprise- ptcp | over | gift- def . m . sg |
‘Per was surprised at this gift.’ | ||||
Note: Non-verbal predicate (passive). |
Valency pattern: NOM_DAT |
X: NOM |
Y: DAT |
Locus: Y |
Pet-ja | udivi-l-sja | èt-omu | podark-u |
pn ( m )- nom . sg | surprise( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]- refl | this- m . dat . sg | gift( m )- dat . sg |
‘Petja was surprised at this gift.’ |
Valency pattern: NOM_SUP |
X: NOM |
Y: SUP |
Locus: Y |
rasul | taˤʔǯib | jiši-r=a | ha-d | amanat-a-s | hɨwɨ-d | saʔat-a |
pn ( nom ) | amazed | 1.become. pfv - cvb =be | this- attr | gift- obl - dat | 4.give. pfv - attr | watch- obl ( sup ) |
‘Rasul was surprised at the watch that was given to him as a present.’ |
Valency pattern: NOM_GENdiott |
X: NOM |
Y: GENdiott |
Locus: Y |
Peâtt | õõmtõõžž-i | sǩiâŋk | diõtt |
pn . sg . nom | be.surprized- pst .3 sg | gift. sg . gen | because.of |
‘Pete was surprised at the gift.’ |
Valency pattern: ACC_NOM |
X: ACC |
Y: NOM |
Locus: X |
Petr-a | je | začudi-l-o | daril-o |
pn - acc . sg | aux .3 sg | surprise: pfv - lpt - n . sg | gift- nom . sg |
‘Peter was surprised at this gift.’ |
Valency pattern: NOM_DAT |
X: NOM |
Y: DAT |
Locus: Y |
Mehmet | bu | hediye-ye | şaş-tı |
pn | this | gift- dat | be_surprised- pst |
‘Mehmet was surprised at this gift.’ |
Valency pattern: NOM_SUPER |
X: NOM |
Y: SUPER |
Locus: Y |
pat’imati | tamaʃa-ɬ.i | he-de-b | padarkal-ʔa |
pn [ f ][ nom ] | amazement- inch . pst ( aor ) | dem - sl - inan 1 | gift. obl - super |
‘Patimat was surprised by this gift.’ |