‘be shy’
| Argument frame: | X (be shy) about Y |
| Stimulus sentence: | (P. is the smallest in his class.) P. is shy / embarassed about his height . |
| Predicate label Ru: | стесняться |
| Argument frame Ru: | X (стесняться) Y -а |
| Stimulus sentence Ru: | (П. самый маленький по росту в своем классе). П. стесняется своего роста . |
Abaza [ĉ-]pχaš’a
| Valency pattern: ABS_MAL |
| X: ABS |
| Y: MAL |
| Locus: Y |
| rasúl | j-hára | d-a-ĉ-pχaš’-ə́j-d |
| pn | 3 sg . m . io -height | 3 sg . h . abs -3 sg . n . io - mal -be_ashamed- prs - dcl |
| ‘Rasul is shy about his height.’ | ||
Aghul neč-tːi + ‘be’
| Valency pattern: DAT_SUBCONT.ELAT |
| X: DAT |
| Y: SUBCONT.ELAT |
| Locus: XY |
| aslan.a-s | uč.i-n | ǯiqːe-ʕʷel.i-k-as | neč-tːi | a |
| pn - dat | self- gen | short- abstr - sub / cont - elat | shame- adv | { in }be: prs |
| ‘Aslan is shy about his height.’ | ||||
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. | ||||
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic naxəp
| Valency pattern: SBJ_men |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: men |
| Locus: Y |
| +avvo | yala | bənxap=əl | mən | d-a | kom-u |
| dem 3. m | boy( m ) | be_ashamed. prog =3 m | from | obl - dem 1. sg | size( m )- p .3 m |
| ‘This boy is shy about his height.’ | |||||
Brazilian Portuguese ter vergonha
| Valency pattern: SBJ_de |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: de |
| Locus: Y |
| Pedro | tem | vergonha | de | sua | altura |
| pn ( m ) | have.3 sg . prs | shame( f ) | of | poss .3. f | height( f ) |
| ‘Pedro is shy about his height.’ | |||||
Catalan estar avergonyit
| Valency pattern: SBJ_de |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: de |
| Locus: Y |
| en | Pere | està | avergonyit | de | la | seva | alçada |
| def . sg . m | pn ( m ) | be.3 sg . prs . ind | shy( m ) | of | def . sg . f | poss .3. f . sg | height( f ) |
| ‘Pere is shy about his height.’ | |||||||
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. | |||||||
Czech stydět se
| Valency pattern: NOM_zaACC |
| X: NOM |
| Y: zaACC |
| Locus: Y |
| Petr | se | stydí | za | svoj-i | mal-ou | postav-u |
| pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] | refl . acc | be_shy( ipfv ). prs .3 sg | for | one's- f . acc . sg | small- f . acc . sg | stature( f )- acc . sg |
| ‘Petr is embarrassed about his small height.’ | ||||||
Danish være flov
| Valency pattern: SBJ_over |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: over |
| Locus: Y |
| Peter | er | flov | over | sin | højde |
| pn | be. prs | embarrassed. c . sg | over | poss . refl . c . sg | height( c ) |
| ‘Peter is embarassed about his height.’ | |||||
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. | |||||
Dutch zich schamen
| Valency pattern: SBJ_voor |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: voor |
| Locus: Y |
| Piet | schaam-t | zich | voor | zijn | lengte |
| pn ( c ) | be.shy-3 sg | refl | in.front.of | poss . c .3 sg | height( c ) |
| ‘Piet is shy about his height.’ | |||||
Estonian häbenema
| Valency pattern: NOM_PART |
| X: NOM |
| Y: PART |
| Locus: Y |
| Peeter | häbene-b | oma | pikkus-t |
| pn . sg . nom | be_ashamed- prs .3 sg | poss . refl | length- part |
| ‘Peeter is ashamed about his height.’ | |||
Finnish ujostella
| Valency pattern: NOM_PART |
| X: NOM |
| Y: PART |
| Locus: Y |
| Pekka | ujostel-ee | pituu-tta-an |
| pn . nom | be.shy- prs .3 sg | height- part - poss .3 sg |
| ‘Pekka is shy about his height.’ | ||
Forest Enets pajartur
| Valency pattern: NOM_ABL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ABL |
| Locus: Y |
| modʲi | kasa-jʔ | page-xito-ta | pajartuŋa |
| i | man- nom . sg .1 sg | outerwear- abl . pl - obl . sg .3 sg | be_shy( ipfv ).3 sg . s |
| ‘My friend is shy about his clothes’. | |||
German sich schämen
| Valency pattern: NOM_furACC |
| X: NOM |
| Y: furACC |
| Locus: Y |
| Karl | schäm-t | sich | für | sein-e | Körpergröße |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | shame- prs .3 sg | refl | for | his- f . acc . sg | body_height[ acc . sg ] |
| ‘Karl is embarrased about his height.’ | |||||
Italian vergognarsi
| Valency pattern: SBJ_di |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: di |
| Locus: Y |
| Leo | si | vergogn-a | della | su-a | statur-a |
| pn ( m ) | refl | be_ashamed-3 sg . prs | of. def . f . sg | poss .3 sg - sg . f | height- sg . f |
| ‘Leo is ashamed of his height.’ | |||||
Kazakh uyal
| Valency pattern: NOM_ushin |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ushin |
| Locus: Y |
| Petya | öz | boy-ï | üšіn | uyal-adï |
| pn | one’s | height- poss 3 | because_of | be_shy- prs 2.3 sg |
| ‘Petya is shy about his height.’ | ||||
Kazym Khanty wǫλǝ wԑrti
| Valency pattern: NOM_NOMpata |
| X: NOM |
| Y: NOMpata |
| Locus: Y |
| pet’a-j-en | aj | păλattǝ-λ | păta | wǫλǝ | wԑr-ǝλ |
| pn - ep - poss .2 sg | small | height- poss .3 sg | because_of | alien | make- npst [3 sg ] |
| ‘Petja is embarrased about his height.’ | |||||
Latin vercundor
| Valency pattern: NA |
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| * |
| * |
| * |
| Note: Not included in the database because Y cannot be overtly expressed. |
Modern Hebrew mitbajeʃ
| Valency pattern: SBJ_be |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: be |
| Locus: Y |
| Pinχas | mitbajeʃ | ba | gova | ʃel-o |
| pn | be.ashamed[ ptcp . sg . m ] | in+ def | height | poss -3 sg . m |
| ‘Pinchas is embarrased about his height.’ | ||||
Nanai elaǯi-
| Valency pattern: NOM_INS |
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Petia | mənə | gogda-ǯi-i | elaǯi-ni |
| pn | refl | high- ins - p . refl . sg | be_shy. npst - p .3 sg |
| ‘Petia is embarrased about his height.’ | |||
Nivkh jеcʁad
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Kaskazik | pʰi | + | məckila | + | ut | j-еcʁa-d |
| pn | rfl | + | little | + | body | 3 sg -be.ashamed- ind |
| ‘Kaskazik is embarrased about his small body.’ | ||||||
Norwegian Bokmål å være flau
| Valency pattern: SBJ_over |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: over |
| Locus: Y |
| Per | er | flau | over | høyd-en | sin |
| pn | be. prs | embarrassed | over | height- def . m . sg | poss . refl . m . sg |
| ‘Per is embarrased about his height.’ | |||||
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. | |||||
Polish wstydzić się
| Valency pattern: NOM_GEN |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN |
| Locus: Y |
| Michał | wstydzi | się | swoj-ego | wzrost-u |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | be_shy: ipfv . prs .3 sg | refl | one’s_own- m . gen . sg | height- gen . sg |
| ‘Michał is embarrased about his height.’ | ||||
Russian stesnjatʹsja
| Valency pattern: NOM_GEN |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN |
| Locus: Y |
| Pet-ja | stesnja-et-sja | svo-ego | rost-a |
| pn ( m )- nom . sg | cumber( ipfv )- prs .3 sg - refl | one’s- m . gen . sg | height( m )- gen . sg |
| ‘Petja is embarrased about his height.’ | |||
Rutul rɨq ruɁura
| Valency pattern: NOM_SUP.EL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: SUP.EL |
| Locus: Y |
| rasul | rɨq | ruɁu-r=a | ǯʲu-du | bɨj-a-la |
| pn ( nom ) | shame | come. ipfv - cvb =be | self. m . obl - attr | stature- obl ( sup )- el |
| ‘Rasul is shy about his height.’ | ||||
Serbian stidi se
| Valency pattern: NOM_GEN |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN |
| Locus: Y |
| Petar | se | stidi | svoj-e | visin-e |
| pn . nom . sg | refl | стыдить. prs .3 sg | свой- gen . sg . f | рост- gen . sg |
| ‘Петар стесняется своего роста’ | ||||
Shughni x̌armindā sitow
| Valency pattern: NOM_EL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: EL |
| Locus: Y |
| Dovlatšo | as | xu | qad | x̌armindā | sů-d |
| pn | el | refl | height | embarrassed | go-3 sg |
| ‘Dovlatsho is embarrased about his height.’ | |||||
Skolt Saami käinnad
| Valency pattern: NOM_GENdiott |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GENdiott |
| Locus: Y |
| Peâtt | käinn | kookkadvuõđ-âs | diõtt |
| pn . sg . nom | be.shy. prs .3 sg | height. sg . gen - poss .3 sg | because.of |
| ‘Pete is shy about his height.’ | |||
Slovenian sramovati se
| Valency pattern: NOM_GEN |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN |
| Locus: Y |
| Peter | se | sramuje | svoj-e | višin-e |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | rfl | be_ashamed: ipfv . prs .3 sg | one’s- gen . sg . f | height- gen . sg |
| ‘Peter is shy about his height.’ | ||||
Spanish avergonzarse
| Valency pattern: SBJ_de |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: de |
| Locus: Y |
| Pedro | se | avergüenz-a | de | su | estatura |
| pn [ sg . m ] | refl .3 sg | shame- prs .3 sg | from | one’s[ sg . f ] | height[ sg . f ] |
| ‘Pedro is shy about his height.’ | |||||
Swedish att vara generad
| Valency pattern: SBJ_over |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: over |
| Locus: Y |
| Björn | är | generad | över | sin | längd |
| pn | be. prs | embarrassed | over | poss . refl . c . sg | length |
| ‘Björn is embarrased about his height.’ | |||||
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. | |||||
Turkish utanmak
| Valency pattern: NOM_ABL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ABL |
| Locus: Y |
| Mehmet | boy-u-ndan | utan-uyor |
| pn | height- p .3- abl | be_shy- prs |
| ‘Mehmet is shy about his height.’ | ||
Ulcha ilamsi-
| Valency pattern: NOM_INS |
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| əj | piktə | mə̄n | bəjə-ǯi | ilams-i-ni |
| this | child | self | body- ins | be_ashamed- prs -3 sg |
| ‘This boy is embarrased about his body.’ | ||||
Zilo Andi sːuloʔ.o-rado
| Valency pattern: NOM_CONT.EL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: CONT.EL |
| Locus: Y |
| ali | sːuloʔ.o-rado | enʃːu-b=ɡu | wotʃo-ɬir-tʃ’u-kːu |
| pn [ m ][ nom ] | be_embarrassed. pst - prog | rfl . obl . m - inan 1( gen )= emph | short- abst - cont - el |
| ‘Ali is embarrassed about his height (lit. ‘by his shortness’).’ | |||