‘be glad’
| Argument frame: | X (be glad) about Y |
| Stimulus sentence: | (P. received a letter from M.) P. was glad about the letter . |
| Predicate label Ru: | радоваться |
| Argument frame Ru: | X (радоваться) Y -у |
| Stimulus sentence Ru: | (П. получил письмо от М.). П. обрадовался письму . |
Abaza aj.gʷərʁ’a
| Valency pattern: ABS_IO |
| X: ABS |
| Y: IO |
| Locus: Y |
| murád | a-saɮámŝʔa | d-áj.gʷərʁ’a-d |
| pn | def -letter | 3 sg . h . abs -3 sg . n . io +rejoice( aor )- dcl |
| ‘Murad was glad about the letter.’ | ||
Aghul šad-x.u-
| Valency pattern: ABS_DAT |
| X: ABS |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| aslan | k’eǯ.ü-s | šad-x.u-ne |
| pn | letter- dat | glad-become. pf - aor |
| ‘Aslan was glad about the letter.’ | ||
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic xadə
| Valency pattern: SBJ_bi |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: bi |
| Locus: Y |
| brata | xdi-la | bi | ctava |
| girl( f ) | rejoice. pst - ls .3 f | with | letter( m ) |
| ‘The girl was glad about the letter.’ | |||
Brazilian Portuguese alegrar-se
| Valency pattern: SBJ_com |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: com |
| Locus: Y |
| Pedro | alegr-ou-se | com | a | carta |
| pn ( m ) | gladden-3 sg . pst - refl | with | def . f | letter( f ) |
| ‘Pedro was glad about the letter.’ | ||||
Catalan estar content
| Valency pattern: SBJ_per |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: per |
| Locus: Y |
| en | Pere | est-ava | content | per | la | carta |
| def . sg . m | pn ( m ) | be-3 sg . ipfv . ind | glad( m ) | for | def . sg . f | letter( f ) |
| ‘Pere was glad about the letter.’ | ||||||
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. | ||||||
Czech zaradovat se
| Valency pattern: NOM_nadINS |
| X: NOM |
| Y: nadINS |
| Locus: Y |
| Petr | se | nad | dopis-em | zaradova-l |
| pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] | refl . acc | above | letter( m )- ins . sg | rejoice( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] |
| ‘Petr rejoiced over the letter.’ | ||||
Danish blive glad
| Valency pattern: SBJ_for |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: for |
| Locus: Y |
| Peter | blev | glad | for | brev-et |
| pn | become. pst | glad. c . sg | for | letter( n )- def . sg |
| ‘Peter became glad about the letter.’ | ||||
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. | ||||
Dutch blij zijn
| Valency pattern: SBJ_met |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: met |
| Locus: Y |
| Piet | was | blij | met | de | brief |
| pn ( c ) | cop . pst .3 sg | glad | with | art . def . c | letter( c ) |
| ‘Piet was glad about the letter.’ | |||||
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. | |||||
Estonian rõõmustama
| Valency pattern: NOM_GENule |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GENule |
| Locus: Y |
| Peeter | rõõmusta-s | kirja | üle |
| pn . sg . nom | be_glad- pst .3 sg | letter. sg . gen | over |
| ‘Peeter was glad about the letter.’ | |||
Finnish iloinen + COP
| Valency pattern: NOM_ELA |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ELA |
| Locus: Y |
| Pekka | oli | iloinen | kirjee-stä |
| pn . nom | be. pst .3 sg | glad. nom | letter- ela |
| ‘Pekka was glad about the letter.’ | |||
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. | |||
Forest Enets ɛdiu
| Valency pattern: NOM_DAT |
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| modʲi | kasa-jʔ | pazu-go-da | ɛdema |
| i | man- nom . sg .1 sg | paper- dat . sg - obl . sg .3 sg | become_glad( pfv ).3 sg . s |
| ‘My friend was glad about the letter’. | |||
German sich freuen
| Valency pattern: NOM_uberDAT |
| X: NOM |
| Y: uberDAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Karl | freu-t | sich | über | den | Brief |
| pn [ nom . sg ] | gladden- prs .3 sg | refl | over | def . m . acc . sg | letter[ acc . sg ] |
| ‘Karl was glad about the letter.’ | |||||
Italian rallegrarsi
| Valency pattern: SBJ_per |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: per |
| Locus: Y |
| Leo | si | è | rallegrat-o | per | la | letter-a |
| pn ( m ) | refl | aux .3 sg . prs | be_happy. pst . ptcp - sg . m | for | def . sg . f | letter- sg . f |
| ‘Leo was glad about the letter.’ | ||||||
Kazakh quan
| Valency pattern: NOM_DAT |
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Petya | xat-qa | quwan-dï |
| pn | letter- dat | rejoice- pst 1.3 sg |
| ‘Petya was glad about the letter.’ | ||
Kazym Khanty amǝtti
| Valency pattern: NOM_DAT |
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| pet’a-j-en | piśma-j-a | amt-ǝs |
| pn - ep - poss .2 sg | letter- ep - dat | rejoice- pst [3 sg ] |
| ‘Petja was glad about the letter.’ | ||
Latin gaudeo
| Valency pattern: TR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| (Tiberi-us) | gaud-eba-t | oppress-am | sedition-em |
| pn ( m )- nom . sg | be_glad- ipfv . ind - act .3 sg | oppress. prf . ptcp . pass - acc . sg . f | sedition( f )- acc . sg |
| ‘(Tiberius) was glad that the sedition was crushed.’ | |||
| Note: (Tac. Ann. I, 52) | |||
Modern Hebrew samaχ
| Valency pattern: SBJ_legabej |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: legabej |
| Locus: Y |
| Pinχas | samaχ | legabej | ha | miχtav |
| pn | be.glad[ pst .3 sg . m ] | about | def | letter |
| ‘Pinchas was glad about the letter.’ | ||||
Nanai agda-
| Valency pattern: NOM_DIR |
| X: NOM |
| Y: DIR |
| Locus: Y |
| Petia | bičxə-či | agda-xa-ni |
| pn | letter- dir | rejoice- pst - p .3 sg |
| ‘Petia was glad about the letter.’ | ||
Nivkh ezmud
| Valency pattern: SBJ_DAT/ADD |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DAT/ADD |
| Locus: Y |
| Kaskazik | pitɣəŋ-dоχ | e-zmu-d |
| pn | letter- dat / add | 3 sg -like- ind |
| ‘Kaskazik was glad about the letter.’ | ||
Norwegian Bokmål å bli glad
| Valency pattern: SBJ_for |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: for |
| Locus: Y |
| Per | ble | glad | for | brev-et |
| pn | become. pst | glad | for | letter- def . n . sg |
| ‘Per was glad about the letter.’ | ||||
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. | ||||
Polish ucieszyć się
| Valency pattern: NOM_zGEN |
| X: NOM |
| Y: zGEN |
| Locus: Y |
| generał | ucieszy-ł | się | z | list-u |
| general[ nom . sg ] | become_glad: pfv - pst [ m .3 sg ] | refl | from | letter- gen . sg |
| ‘The general was glad about the letter.’ | ||||
Russian obradovatʹsja
| Valency pattern: NOM_DAT |
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Pet-ja | obradova-l-sja | pisʹm-u |
| pn ( m )- nom . sg | gladden( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]- refl | letter( n )- dat . sg |
| ‘Petja was glad about the letter.’ | ||
Rutul šad jišira
| Valency pattern: NOM_DAT |
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| rasul | kaʁad-a-s | šad | jiši-r=a |
| pn ( nom ) | letter- obl - dat | joyful | 1.become. pfv - cvb =be |
| ‘Rasul was glad about the letter.’ | |||
Serbian obradovao se
| Valency pattern: NOM_DAT |
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Petar | se | obradova-o | pism-u |
| pn . nom . sg | refl | обрадовать- part . perf . m . sg | письмо- dat . sg |
| ‘Петар обрадовался письму.’ | |||
Shughni xuš sitow
| Valency pattern: NOM_EQ |
| X: NOM |
| Y: EQ |
| Locus: Y |
| Azim | tar | wi | xāt | xuš | sut |
| pn | eq | d 3. m . sg . obl | letter | happy | go. m . pst |
| ‘Azim was glad about the letter.’ | |||||
Skolt Saami leeʹd kuärǥast
| Valency pattern: NOM_GENdiott |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GENdiott |
| Locus: Y |
| Peâtt | leäi | kuärǥast | ǩeeʹrj | diõtt |
| pn . sg . nom | be. pst .3 sg | glad | letter. sg . gen | because.of |
| ‘Pete was glad about the letter.’ | ||||
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. | ||||
Slovenian razveseliti se
| Valency pattern: NOM_GEN |
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN |
| Locus: Y |
| general | se | je | razveseli-l | pism-a |
| general[ nom . sg ] | rfl | aux .3 sg | rejoice: pfv - lpt [ m . sg ] | letter- gen . sg |
| ‘The general was glad about the letter.’ | ||||
Spanish alegrarse
| Valency pattern: SBJ_de |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: de |
| Locus: Y |
| Pedro | se | alegr-ó | de | la | carta |
| pn [ sg . m ] | refl .3 sg | rejoice- aor .3 sg | from | art . def . sg . f | letter[ sg . f ] |
| ‘Pedro was glad about the letter.’ | |||||
Swedish att bli glad
| Valency pattern: SBJ_over |
| X: SBJ |
| Y: over |
| Locus: Y |
| Björn | blev | glad | över | brev-et |
| pn | become. pst | glad | over | letter- def . n . sg |
| ‘Björn was glad about the letter.’ | ||||
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. | ||||
Turkish sevinmek
| Valency pattern: NOM_DAT |
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Mehmet | mektub-a | sevin-di |
| pn | letter- dat | rejoice- pst |
| ‘Mehmet was glad about the letter.’ | ||
Ulcha bārači-
| Valency pattern: NA |
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| bārač-i | piktə-wər, | ti | xərəkə-wə |
| be_glad- prs | child- refl . pl | that | frog- acc |
| ‘[They] are glad about their child, this little frog.’ | |||
| Note: Not included in the database because arguably inanimate Y cannot be overtly expressed. This example is taken from natural texts. | |||
Zilo Andi <j>-erh.ann-ij
| Valency pattern: NOM_CONT.EL |
| X: NOM |
| Y: CONT.EL |
| Locus: Y |
| pat’imati | pismo-tʃ’u-kːu | j-erh.ann-ij |
| pn [ f ][ nom ] | letter- cont - el | f -rejoice. pst - pf |
| ‘Patimat rejoiced over the letter.’ | ||