BivalTyp

Лаборатория типологического изучения языков    Институт лингвистических исследований РАН

‘be content’

Argument frame: X (be content) wit Y X (be content) with
Stimulus sentence: (P.’s son does well at school.) P. is OK/content/satisfied with his son .
Predicate label Ru: быть довольным
Argument frame Ru: X (быть довольным) Y -ом
Stimulus sentence Ru: (Сын П. хорошо учится в школе). П. доволен своим сыном .

Abaza [zə-]raz

Valency pattern: ABS_BEN
X: ABS
Y: BEN
Locus: Y
sará awə́j sə-l-zə́-raz-ṗ
i dist 1 sg . abs -3 sg . f . io - ben -content- npst . dcl
‘I am content with her.’

Adyghe (West Circassian) fe-raze

Valency pattern: ABS_BEN
X: ABS
Y: BEN
Locus: Y
wə-s-fe-mə-raze-me, qə-s-fe-ʁe-ʁʷ
2 sg . abs -1 sg . io - ben - neg -satisfied- cond csl -1 sg . io - ben - caus -forgive( imp )
‘If you are not satisfied with me, forgive me.’

Aghul rezi-di + ‘be’

Valency pattern: ABS_SUPER
X: ABS
Y: SUPER
Locus: Y
aslan uč.i-n gada.ji-l rezi-di a
pn self- gen son- super content- adv { in }be: prs
‘Aslan is content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Alik Kryz raʕzi xhiyic

Valency pattern: NOM_PART
X: NOM
Y: PART
Locus: Y
terlan ug gada-kar raʕzi-ya
pn refl . m ( gen ) boy- part content- cop . m
‘Terlan is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Archi

Valency pattern: NOM_SUP.EL
X: NOM
Y: SUP.EL
Locus: Y
paša raˁzi-ši w-i žu-n-uwwu laha-tː-iš
pn agree- cvb . ipfv 1-be self. m - gen -1. ptcl child- sup - el
‘Pasha is satisfied with his son.’

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic avə +razi

Valency pattern: SBJ_bi
X: SBJ
Y: bi
Locus: Y
+Ašur +razi=lə bi brun-u
pn willing=3 m with son( m )- p .3 m
‘Ashur is content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate, avə is 'to be'.

Avar razijab buk’una

Valency pattern: NOM_EL
X: NOM
Y: EL
Locus: Y
ʕali žindir-go was-as-dasa razija-w w-ugo
pn refl . gen -self son- m . obl - el glad- m m - cop
‘Ali is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Azerbaijani razı-COP

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
Aslan oğlu-ndan razı-dır
pn son. poss 3- abl agreeing- cop 3
‘Aslan is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Bambara wàsa

Valency pattern: DO_SBJ
X: DO
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
dén` ye Sékù wàsa
child\ art pfv . tr pn satisfy
‘Seku is satisfied with the child.’

Brazilian Portuguese estar satisfeito

Valency pattern: SBJ_com
X: SBJ
Y: com
Locus: Y
Pedro está satisfeit-o com seu filho
pn ( m ) cop _ prog .3 sg . prs pleased- m with poss .3. m son( m )
‘Pedro is pleased with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Catalan estar content

Valency pattern: SBJ_per
X: SBJ
Y: per
Locus: Y
en Pere està content pel seu fill
def . sg . m pn ( m ) be.3 sg . prs . ind glad( m ) for. def . sg . m poss .3. m . sg son( m )
‘Pere is content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Chirag raˤdi-le

Valency pattern: ABS_SUPER
X: ABS
Y: SUPER
Locus: Y
ʡa̰le cin-na gal-l-i raˤdi-le
pn ( abs ) self. sg - gen boy- obl - super content- adv . prs .3
‘Ali is content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Czech spokojený + COP

Valency pattern: NOM_sINS
X: NOM
Y: sINS
Locus: Y
Petr je spokojen-ý se sv-ým syn-em
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] be( ipfv ). prs .3 sg satisfied- m . nom . sg with one's- m . ins . sg son( m )- ins . sg
‘Petr is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Danish være tilfreds

Valency pattern: SBJ_med
X: SBJ
Y: med
Locus: Y
Peter er tilfreds med sin søn
pn be. prs satisfied. c . sg with poss . refl . c . sg son( c )
‘Peter is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Dutch tevreden zijn

Valency pattern: SBJ_met
X: SBJ
Y: met
Locus: Y
Piet is tevreden met zijn zoon
pn ( c ) cop .3 sg satisfied with poss . c .3 sg son( c )
‘Piet is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Eastern Maninka sɛ́wa

Valency pattern: SBJ_la
X: SBJ
Y: la
Locus: Y
Sékù sɛ́wa-nin à dénkɛ` lá.
pn rejoice- ptcp . res 3 sg son\ art at
‘Seku is satisfied with his son.’

English be ok

Valency pattern: SBJ_with
X: SBJ
Y: with
Locus: Y
Peter is ok with his son.
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Estonian rahul olema

Valency pattern: NOM_COM
X: NOM
Y: COM
Locus: Y
Peeter on oma poja-ga rahul
pn . sg . nom be. prs .3 sg poss . refl son- com content
‘Peeter is content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Finnish tyytyväinen + COP

Valency pattern: NOM_ILL
X: NOM
Y: ILL
Locus: Y
Pekka on tyytyväinen poika-ansa
pn . nom be. prs .3 sg content. nom son- ill . poss .3 sg
‘Pekka is content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Forest Enets *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

French être content

Valency pattern: SBJ_de
X: SBJ
Y: de
Locus: Y
Paul est content de son fils
pn ( m ) be. prs .3 sg pleased. sg . m of one’s. sg . m son( m )
‘Paul is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Georgian k'maq'opil-i ar-i-s (PRS)

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
p'et're-Ø tavis-i važ-it k'maq'opil-i=a
pn - nom poss - b son- ins satisfied_ ptcp - nom = cop
‘Petre is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

German zufrieden sein

Valency pattern: NOM_mitDAT
X: NOM
Y: mitDAT
Locus: Y
Karl ist mit sein-em Sohn zufrieden
pn [ nom . sg ] be. prs .3 sg with his- m . dat . sg son[ dat . sg ] satisfied
‘Karl is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Guinean Kpelle kwèi nɛ̌ɛ

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Ɲàákwɛì kwèi nɛ̀ɛ́-ì nòŋ bɔ́
pn stomach. loc be_nice- pred 3 sg \child to
‘Nyakwei is content about his child.’
Note: Not included in the database because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier.

Icari Dargwa razi-li w=uh-araj

Valency pattern: ABS_SUPLAT
X: ABS
Y: SUPLAT
Locus: Y
Islam ci-nna durħuˤ-lij razi-li ca=w
pn - abs self- gen son- suplat joy- adv cop = m
‘Islam is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Irish bí an-shásta

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Tá Pól an-shásta le-na mhac.
be. prs pn int -content with- poss .3 sg . m son
‘Pól is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Italian essere contento

Valency pattern: SBJ_di
X: SBJ
Y: di
Locus: Y
Leo è content-o di su-o figli-o
pn ( m ) be.3 sg . prs pleased- sg . m of poss .3 sg - sg . m son- sg . m
‘Leo is pleased with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kadar Dargwa

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPER
X: NOM
Y: SUPER
Locus: Y
meħamad razi-le ca-j cuni-ja urši-li-ke
pn gladness- adv cop - m self- gen boy- obl - super
‘Muhammad is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kalderash Romani mišto

Valency pattern: DAT_pala
X: DAT
Y: pala
Locus: XY
le Murš-ahkə mišto pala pehk-o śav
art . m . obl pn - dat . sg well for one’s- m . dir . sg son[ nom . sg ]
‘Murša is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kandyk Tabasaran

Valency pattern: ABS_SUPER
X: ABS
Y: SUPER
Locus: Y
maˁhaˁmad balʔ-in razi vu
pn ( abs ) boy- super satisfied cop ( prs )
‘Mahamad is satisfied with (his) son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Karata razi bik’waɬa

Valency pattern: NOM_EL
X: NOM
Y: EL
Locus: Y
ʕali in-š:uw da waša-š:w-agal razi idja
pn refl- m ptcl boy- obl . m - el content cop
‘Ali is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kaytag Dargwa razilwihara

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPER
X: NOM
Y: SUPER
Locus: Y
petja cinna urši-l-ži razil v-irh-ar
pn refl . sg . gen son- obl - super content. adv m -be. ipf - evt 3
‘Petja is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kazakh riyza

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Petya öz ul-ï-men riyza
pn one’s son- poss 3- ins content
‘Petya is content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kazym Khanty *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Khoekhoe ǂkhîǂâixa

Valency pattern: SBJ_kha
X: SBJ
Y: kha
Locus: Y
Petru-b ge ǁî-b di ǀgôa-b ǀkha a ǂkhîǂâixa
pn -3 m . sg decl 3-3 m . sg poss son-3 m . sg with aux be_content
‘Peter is content with his son.’
Note: The verb here is a stative verb and has to be used with auxiliaries.

Khwarshi razi gołe

Valency pattern: ABS_SUPER
X: ABS
Y: SUPER
Locus: Y
išu iłi iłi-lo uža-ƛ’o razi gołe
mother dem . an . o . noni dem . an . o . noni - gen 2 son- super content be. prs
‘Mother is satisfied with her daughter.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kina Rutul raazi jiɁi

Valency pattern: NOM_SUP
X: NOM
Y: SUP
Locus: Y
rasul raazi jiɁi ǯu-du duxar-ɨ
pn ( nom ) delighted 1.С op self. m . obl - attr son- obl ( sup )
‘Rasul is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kumyk razi

Valency pattern: NOM_NOMbulan
X: NOM
Y: NOMbulan
Locus: Y
mahammat ulan-ɨ bulan razi
pn son-3 sg with satisfied
‘Muhammad is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Latin contentus + COP

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
ist-a tu-a mediocr-i eloquenti-a content-i sumus
this- abl . sg . f your- abl . sg . f mediocre- abl . sg eloquence( f )- abl . sg satisfied- nom . pl . m be. prs . ind . act .1 pl
‘We are satisfied with this mediocre eloquence of yours.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate. (Cic. De Oratore. I, 133)

Laz memnun-i o-r-in-u

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
Käzim-i be(r)e-muš-išen memnun-i Ø-[r]-en-Ø
pn - nom child- poss 3- abl satisfied- nom s 3-[be]- sm - s 3 sg . inact
‘Käzim is content with his child.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate. The adjective is a loanword from Turkish.

Mandarin Chinese mǎnyì

Valency pattern: SBJ_dui
X: SBJ
Y: dui
Locus: Y
Zhāngsān duì tā-érzi hěn mǎnyì
pn towards he-son very content
‘Zhangsan is very content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Mano gé lī

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
ŋ̄ gé lɛ́ɛ̀ lī ī píé
1 sg stomach 3 sg . ipfv become.beautiful: ipfv 2 sg to
‘I am glad about you.’
Note: Not included in the database because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier.

Mehweb

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPER.EL
X: NOM
Y: SUPER.EL
Locus: Y
Islam raˤzi-le le-w sune-la-l urši-li-če-la
pn pleased- advz be- m self. obl - gen - emph boy- obl - super - el
‘Islam is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Mingrelian šurirʒγel-i Ø-o-r-en-Ø (PRS)

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
čelo-Ø šurirʒγel-(i) Ø-(o)-r-e(n)-Ø muš sk'ua-t(i)
pn - nom satisfied-( nom ) s 3-( ver : sup )-be- sm - s 3 sg . inact refl . poss child- ins
‘Chelo is content with his child.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate (participle). The verb phrase is a recent borrowing from Georgian.

Modern Hebrew merutse

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi
X: SBJ
Y: mi
Locus: Y
Pinχas merutse me ha ben ʃel-o
pn satisfied from def son poss -3 sg . m
‘Pinchas is satisfied with his son.’

Mukhad Rutul razi jišin

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPEREL
X: NOM
Y: SUPEREL
Locus: Y
murad džuˤ-dı duχar-ııla razi jiʔi
pn refl . h . obl - attr son. obl - superel content m . cop
‘Murad is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Nanai agdanasi-

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
Petia piktə-ǯi-i agda-nasi-ni
pn child- ins - p .3 sg rejoice- att . npst - p .3 sg
‘Petia is satisfied with his son.’

Nivkh *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Northern Akhvakh razi bik’uruƛa

Valency pattern: NOM_LOC
X: NOM
Y: LOC
Locus: Y
pataħi wašo-ge razi gudi
pn boy- loc agreed m . cop
‘Patahi is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Northern Mansi *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Northern Yukaghir puŋuol=

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
Sǝmiǝn tudǝ uo-ɣаt mǝ puŋ-uo-nˈ
pn 3 sg . poss child- abl aff glad- stat - intr .3 sg
‘Semien is satisfied with his son.’

Norwegian Bokmål å være fornøyd

Valency pattern: SBJ_med
X: SBJ
Y: med
Locus: Y
Per er fornøyd med sønn-en sin
pn be. prs satisfied with son- def . m . sg poss . refl . m . sg
‘Per is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Polish zadowolony + COP

Valency pattern: NOM_zGEN
X: NOM
Y: zGEN
Locus: Y
Dariusz by-ł zadowolon-y z syn-a
pn [ nom . sg ] be\ pst - pst [ m .3 sg ] satisfied- m . nom . sg from son- gen . sg
‘Dariusz was satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Russian dovolen + COP

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Pet-ja dovolen svo-im syn-om
pn ( m )- nom . sg content[ pred . m . sg ] one’s- m . ins . sg son( m )- ins . sg
‘Petja is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Serbian biti zadovoljan

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Petar je zadovoljan svoj-im sin-om
pn . nom . sg be. prs .3 sg content. nom . sg . m one’s- ins . sg . m son- ins . sg
‘Petar is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Shinaz Rutul raʁzi h-iši-n

Valency pattern: NOM_EL
X: NOM
Y: EL
Locus: Y
basir raʁzi j džu-dɨ duχar-ɨla
pn content m . cop refl . obl - attr son. obl - el
‘Basir is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Shughni rozi vidow

Valency pattern: NOM_EL
X: NOM
Y: EL
Locus: Y
Ahmed as xu puc rozi
pn el refl son contented
‘Ahmed is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate. In this example, the verb 'to be' is non-overt.

Skolt Saami leeʹd miõllstes

Valency pattern: NOM_GENdiott
X: NOM
Y: GENdiott
Locus: Y
Peâtt lij miõllstes pääʹrn-es diõtt
pn . sg . nom be. prs .3 sg content son. sg . gen - poss .3 sg because.of
‘Pete is content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Slovak spokojný + COP

Valency pattern: NOM_sINS
X: NOM
Y: sINS
Locus: Y
Peter je so svoj-ím syn-om spokojn-ý
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] be( ipfv ). prs .3 sg with one's- m . ins . sg son( m )- ins . sg satisfied- m . nom . sg
‘Peter is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Slovenian biti zadovoljen

Valency pattern: NOM_zINS
X: NOM
Y: zINS
Locus: Y
Peter je zadovoljen s sin-om
pn [ nom . sg ] be. prs .3 sg content[ nom . sg . m ] with son- ins . sg
‘Peter is content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Sorani Kurdish râzî bûn

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Hîwa le kur-eke=î r̂azî-e
pn from boy- def =3 sg . pc contented-be. prs .3 sg
‘Hiwa is content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Southern Rutul rağzı yişin

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPEREL
X: NOM
Y: SUPEREL
Locus: Y
murad duxar-ııla rağzı i
pn son. obl - superel agree ( m ) cop
‘Murad is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Spanish estar contento

Valency pattern: SBJ_con
X: SBJ
Y: con
Locus: Y
Pedro está content-o con su hijo
pn [ sg . m ] be_ prog . prs .3 sg content- sg . m with one’s[ sg . m ] son[ sg . m ]
‘Pedro is content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Standard Arabic saʕīdun

Valency pattern: NOM_biGEN
X: NOM
Y: biGEN
Locus: Y
Badr-u-n saʕīd-u-n bi=bn-i-hi
pn - nom - indef happy- nom - indef by=son- gen - p .3 m
‘Badr is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Svan

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
maizer-s miča gezal-Ø x-a-žax
pn - dat poss 3 child- nom io 3- ver : sup -name
‘Maizer is proud of his child.’
Note: The term ‘name’ in the Georgian culture is connected with the concept of pride.

Swedish att vara nöjd

Valency pattern: SBJ_med
X: SBJ
Y: med
Locus: Y
Björn är nöjd med sin son
pn be. prs satisfied. indf . n . sg with poss . refl . c . sg son
‘Björn is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Tagalog

Valency pattern: SBJNV_CAUSE
X: SBJNV
Y: CAUSE
Locus: XY
Kuntento si Pedro dahil sa kaniya-ng anak
content pers . subj pn because.of dat 3. sg . dat - lin son
‘Pedro is content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate (adjective).

Telugu saṁtuṣṭi + COP

Valency pattern: DAT_ante
X: DAT
Y: ante
Locus: XY
pravīṇ-ki atani koḍuku aṁṭē saṁtuṣṭi
pn ( m ). sg . obl - dat that_man( m ). sg . obl son( n ). sg . nom that_is satisfaction( n ). sg . nom
‘Praveen is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Tsakhur raziyra ıхhay

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPEREL
X: NOM
Y: SUPEREL
Locus: Y
murad duхay-le raziy-ra vo-r
pn son. obl - superel content- adv . h cop - h
‘Murad is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Tsudakhar Dargwa raˤzi-le b-iχ-iz/b-irχ-iz

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPER.ESS
X: NOM
Y: SUPER.ESS
Locus: Y
tːutːeš sune-la uršːi-jaˤ-w razi-le=saj
father refl . obl - gen boy- super - m . ess happy- adv = cop : m (3)
‘The father is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Tsugni Dargwa raˤzi-le + COP

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPER.ESS
X: NOM
Y: SUPER.ESS
Locus: Y
durħaˤ-li-ge-w tatːi raˤzi-le=caj
boy- obl - super - m . ess father happy- adv = cop : m (3)
‘The father is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Turkish memnun olmak

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
Mehmet oğl-u-ndan memnun
pn son- p .3- abl pleased
‘Mehmet is content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Turoyo raḏyo + COP

Valency pattern: SBJ_m
X: SBJ
Y: m
Locus: Y
Gabriyel raḏyo yo m-u abro
pn content( m ) cop .3 sg from- art . m son
‘Gabriyel is content with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Ulcha *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Uzbek mamnun emoq

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Petya o’z-i-niŋ o’ɣl-i-ga mamnun
pn own- poss .3 sg - gen son- poss .3 sg - dat glad
‘Petja is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate, emoq is 'to be'.

West Central Oromo itti k'uufa

Valency pattern: NOM_LOC
X: NOM
Y: LOC
Locus: Y
obsaa-n ilma isaa-tti k'uuf-a
pn - nom son. abs 3 sg . m . poss - loc be_satisfied-3 sg . m . ipfv
‘Obsa is satisfied with his son.’

Zilo Andi razi

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPER
X: NOM
Y: SUPER
Locus: Y
ali razi enʃːu-w=ɡu woʃu-ʔa
pn [ m ][ nom ] contented rfl . obl . m - m ( gen )= emph boy. obl - super
‘Ali is pleased with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.