BivalTyp

Лаборатория типологического изучения языков    Институт лингвистических исследований РАН

‘be called’

Argument frame: X (be_called) Y
Stimulus sentence: (A boy saw his father’s compass and asked what this was. The father answered him:) ‘ This tool is called a compass .’
Predicate label Ru: называться
Argument frame Ru: X (называться) Y
Stimulus sentence Ru: (Мальчик увидел у отца компас и спросил, что это такое. Отец отвечает ему:) Этот предмет / инструмент] называется [компас / компасом ."

Abaza χ’əz

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
arə́j a-pq̇ə́ʕʷa á-χ’əz kompas-b
prox def -thing 3 sg . n . io -name compass- npst . dcl
‘This thing is called a compass.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument). Non-verbal predicate.

Aghul tːur + COP

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
me šeʔ.ü-n tːur kːompːas e
demm thing- gen name compass cop
‘This thing is called a compass.’
Note: Not included in the database because 1) X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier and 2) Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument).

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic avə šəmma

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
+avva məndi šəmm-u kompas=əl
dem 2. m thing( m ) name( m )- p .3 m compass(?)=3 m
‘This thing is called a compass.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate. Non-Urmi speaker.

Brazilian Portuguese chamar-se

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
ess-e instrumento se cham-a bússola
dem . med - m instrument( m ) refl call-3 sg . prs compass( f )
‘This instrument is called a compass.’

Catalan dir-se

Valency pattern: SBJ_PRED
X: SBJ
Y: PRED
Locus: Y
aquest-a eina es diu brúixola
this. sg - f instrument( f ) refl .3 sg say.3 sg . prs . ind compass( f )
‘This tool is called a compass.’

Czech jmenovat se

Valency pattern: NOM_NOM
X: NOM
Y: NOM
Locus: Y
tahle věc se jmenuje kompas
this. f . nom . sg thing( f )[ nom . sg ] refl . acc call( ipfv ). prs .3 sg compass( m )[ nom . sg ]
‘This object is called a compass.’

Danish kalde

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Dette værktøj kalde-s et kompas
dem . n . sg tool( n ) call- pass . prs indf . sg compass( n )
‘This tool is called a compass.’

Dutch heten

Valency pattern: SBJ_PRED
X: SBJ
Y: PRED
Locus: Y
dit voorwerp hee-t een kompas
dem . n . sg object( n ) be.called-3 sg art . indf compass( n )
‘This object is called a compass.’

Estonian kutsuma

Valency pattern: PART_TRANSL
X: PART
Y: TRANSL
Locus: XY
seda mõõteriista kutsu-takse kompassi-ks
dem . sg . part measuring_tool. sg . part call- prs . imprs compass- transl
‘This measuring tool is called a compass.’

Finnish kutsua (PASS.IMPERS)

Valency pattern: PART_TRANS
X: PART
Y: TRANS
Locus: XY
tä-tä työkalu-a kutsu-taan kompassi-ksi
this- part tool- part call- pass . impers compass- trans
‘This tool is called a compass.’

Forest Enets *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

German genannt werden

Valency pattern: NOM_NOM
X: NOM
Y: NOM
Locus: Y
dieses Instrument wird Kompass genannt
this[ n . nom . sg ] instrument[ nom . sg ] become. prs .3 sg compass[ nom . sg ] call. ptcp 2
‘This instrument is called a compass.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate (passive).

Italian chiamarsi

Valency pattern: SBJ_PRED
X: SBJ
Y: PRED
Locus: Y
quest-o strument-o si chiam-a bussol-a
this- sg . m instrument- sg . m refl call-3 sg . prs compass- sg . f
‘This instrument is called a compass.’

Kazakh atal

Valency pattern: NOM_dep
X: NOM
Y: dep
Locus: Y
Bul zat kompas de-p ata-l-adï
this thing compass say- cvb call- pass - prs 2.3 sg
‘This thing is called a compass.’

Kazym Khanty *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
tǎm pǒrmǝs-en nԑm-ǝλ kɔmpas
this thing- poss .2 sg name- poss .3 sg compass
‘This thing is called a compass.’
Note: Not included in the database because 1) X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier and 2) Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument).

Latin appello + PASS

Valency pattern: NOM_NOM
X: NOM
Y: NOM
Locus: Y
qui ips-orum lingu-a Celt-ae, nostr-a Gall-i appella-ntur
which. nom . pl . m oneself- gen . pl . m language( f )- abl . sg c elt( m )- nom . pl our- abl . sg . f g aul( m )- nom . pl call[ prs . ind ]- mid .3 pl
‘... who in their own language are called Celts, in our Gauls.’
Note: (Caes. Gall. I, 11)

Modern Hebrew kor-im

Valency pattern: le_DO
X: le
Y: DO
Locus: X
le kli ha z-e kor-im matspen
to instrument def this[ sg ]- m call- pl compass
‘This instrument is called a compass.’

Nanai gərbiəsiu-

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
əj ǯaka-wa kompasа-ǯi gərbiə-si-u-ri
this object- obl compass- ins call- ipfv - imps - npst
‘This instrument is called a compass.’

Nivkh χawd

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
tu + prеdmеt kоmpas χaw-d
prox . dem + thing compass call- ind
‘This instrument is called a compass.’

Norwegian Bokmål å kalles

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
denne gjenstand-en kalle-s et kompas
this. m . sg object- def . m . sg call- pass . prs indf . n . sg compass
‘This object is called a compass.’

Polish nazywać się

Valency pattern: NOM_NOM
X: NOM
Y: NOM
Locus: Y
ten przedmiot nazywa się busol-a
this. m . nom . sg object[ nom . sg ] call: ipfv . prs .3 sg refl compass- nom . sg
‘This object is called a compass.’

Russian nazyvatʹsja

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
ètot predmet nazyva-et-sja kompas-om
this. m . nom . sg object( m )[ nom . sg ] call( ipfv )- prs .3 sg - refl compass( m )- ins . sg
‘This object is called a compass.’

Rutul dur jiɁi

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
mi kar-di-d dur jiɁi kompas
this thing- obl - attr name( nom ) 4. cop compass( nom )
‘This thing is called a compass.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument).

Serbian zove se

Valency pattern: NOM_NOM
X: NOM
Y: NOM
Locus: Y
taj predmet se zove kompas
этот. nom . sg . m предмет. nom . sg refl звать. prs .3 sg компас. nom . sg
‘Этот предмет называется компас.’

Shughni nům vidow

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
ik-di kočor nům kumpas
em - d 2. m . sg . obl thing name compass
‘This object is called a compass.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument).

Skolt Saami kååččeed

Valency pattern: ACC_ESS
X: ACC
Y: ESS
Locus: XY
tän tiiŋg kååččeet kompass-ân
prox . sg . acc thing. sg . acc call. prs .4 sg compass- ess
‘This thing is called a compass.’

Slovenian imenovati se

Valency pattern: NOM_NOM
X: NOM
Y: NOM
Locus: Y
ta predmet se imenuje kompas
this. nom . sg . m thing[ nom . sg ] rfl call: ipfv . prs .3 sg compass[ nom . sg ]
‘This tool is called a compas.’

Spanish llamarse

Valency pattern: SBJ_PRED
X: SBJ
Y: PRED
Locus: Y
est-e instrumento se llam-a brújula
this- m instrument[ sg . m ] refl .3 sg call- prs .3 sg compass[ sg . f ]
‘This instrument is called a compass.’

Swedish att kallas för

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
ett sådan-t här verktyg kalla-s för en kompass
indf . n . sg such- indf . n . sg here tool call- prs . pass for indf . c . sg compass
‘This instrument is called a compass.’
Note: Phrasal verb (för is not a flagging device).

Turkish *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
bu-nun ad-ı pusula-dır
this- gen name- p .3 compass- cop .3
‘This is called a compass.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument).

Ulcha gəlbu

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
əj al'o gəlbu-ni soro
this vessel name-3 sg soro
‘This vessel is called a soro.’
Note: Not included in the database because i) X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier, ii) Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument).

Zilo Andi ts’er

Valency pattern: SUPER.LAT_NOM
X: SUPER.LAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
he-b dan-ʔo ts’er qχ’ilba
dem - inan 1 thing[ inan 1]- super . lat name[ inan 2][ nom ] compass
‘This thing is called a compass.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.