‘be called’
Argument frame: |
X
(be_called)
Y
|
Stimulus sentence: |
(A boy saw his father’s compass and asked what this was. The father answered him:) ‘
This tool
is called
a compass
.’
|
Predicate label Ru: |
называться
|
Argument frame Ru: |
X
(называться)
Y
|
Stimulus sentence Ru: |
(Мальчик увидел у отца компас и спросил, что это такое. Отец отвечает ему:)
Этот предмет / инструмент] называется [компас / компасом
."
|
Abaza
χ’əz
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
arə́j |
a-pq̇ə́ʕʷa |
á-χ’əz |
kompas-b |
prox
|
def
-thing
|
3
sg
.
n
.
io
-name
|
compass-
npst
.
dcl
|
‘This thing is called a compass.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument). Non-verbal predicate. |
Aghul
tːur + COP
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
me |
šeʔ.ü-n |
tːur |
kːompːas |
e |
demm
|
thing-
gen
|
name
|
compass
|
cop
|
‘This thing is called a compass.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because 1) X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier and 2) Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument). |
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
avə šəmma
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
+avva |
məndi |
šəmm-u |
kompas=əl |
dem
2.
m
|
thing(
m
)
|
name(
m
)-
p
.3
m
|
compass(?)=3
m
|
‘This thing is called a compass.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate. Non-Urmi speaker. |
Brazilian Portuguese
chamar-se
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
ess-e |
instrumento |
se |
cham-a |
bússola |
dem
.
med
-
m
|
instrument(
m
)
|
refl
|
call-3
sg
.
prs
|
compass(
f
)
|
‘This instrument is called a compass.’ |
Catalan
dir-se
Valency pattern:
SBJ_PRED
|
X: SBJ |
Y: PRED |
Locus: Y |
aquest-a |
eina |
es |
diu |
brúixola |
this.
sg
-
f
|
instrument(
f
)
|
refl
.3
sg
|
say.3
sg
.
prs
.
ind
|
compass(
f
)
|
‘This tool is called a compass.’ |
Czech
jmenovat se
Valency pattern:
NOM_NOM
|
X: NOM |
Y: NOM |
Locus: Y |
tahle |
věc |
se |
jmenuje |
kompas |
this.
f
.
nom
.
sg
|
thing(
f
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
refl
.
acc
|
call(
ipfv
).
prs
.3
sg
|
compass(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
‘This object is called a compass.’ |
Danish
kalde
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
Dette |
værktøj |
kalde-s |
et |
kompas |
dem
.
n
.
sg
|
tool(
n
)
|
call-
pass
.
prs
|
indf
.
sg
|
compass(
n
)
|
‘This tool is called a compass.’ |
Dutch
heten
Valency pattern:
SBJ_PRED
|
X: SBJ |
Y: PRED |
Locus: Y |
dit |
voorwerp |
hee-t |
een |
kompas |
dem
.
n
.
sg
|
object(
n
)
|
be.called-3
sg
|
art
.
indf
|
compass(
n
)
|
‘This object is called a compass.’ |
Estonian
kutsuma
Valency pattern:
PART_TRANSL
|
X: PART |
Y: TRANSL |
Locus: XY |
seda |
mõõteriista |
kutsu-takse |
kompassi-ks |
dem
.
sg
.
part
|
measuring_tool.
sg
.
part
|
call-
prs
.
imprs
|
compass-
transl
|
‘This measuring tool is called a compass.’ |
Finnish
kutsua (PASS.IMPERS)
Valency pattern:
PART_TRANS
|
X: PART |
Y: TRANS |
Locus: XY |
tä-tä |
työkalu-a |
kutsu-taan |
kompassi-ksi |
this-
part
|
tool-
part
|
call-
pass
.
impers
|
compass-
trans
|
‘This tool is called a compass.’ |
Forest Enets
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
* |
*
|
* |
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
German
genannt werden
Valency pattern:
NOM_NOM
|
X: NOM |
Y: NOM |
Locus: Y |
dieses |
Instrument |
wird |
Kompass |
genannt |
this[
n
.
nom
.
sg
]
|
instrument[
nom
.
sg
]
|
become.
prs
.3
sg
|
compass[
nom
.
sg
]
|
call.
ptcp
2
|
‘This instrument is called a compass.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate (passive). |
Italian
chiamarsi
Valency pattern:
SBJ_PRED
|
X: SBJ |
Y: PRED |
Locus: Y |
quest-o |
strument-o |
si |
chiam-a |
bussol-a |
this-
sg
.
m
|
instrument-
sg
.
m
|
refl
|
call-3
sg
.
prs
|
compass-
sg
.
f
|
‘This instrument is called a compass.’ |
Kazakh
atal
Valency pattern:
NOM_dep
|
X: NOM |
Y: dep |
Locus: Y |
Bul |
zat |
kompas |
de-p |
ata-l-adï |
this
|
thing
|
compass
|
say-
cvb
|
call-
pass
-
prs
2.3
sg
|
‘This thing is called a compass.’ |
Kazym Khanty
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
tǎm |
pǒrmǝs-en |
nԑm-ǝλ |
kɔmpas |
this
|
thing-
poss
.2
sg
|
name-
poss
.3
sg
|
compass
|
‘This thing is called a compass.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because 1) X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier and 2) Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument). |
Latin
appello + PASS
Valency pattern:
NOM_NOM
|
X: NOM |
Y: NOM |
Locus: Y |
qui |
ips-orum |
lingu-a |
Celt-ae, |
nostr-a |
Gall-i |
appella-ntur |
which.
nom
.
pl
.
m
|
oneself-
gen
.
pl
.
m
|
language(
f
)-
abl
.
sg
|
c
elt(
m
)-
nom
.
pl
|
our-
abl
.
sg
.
f
|
g
aul(
m
)-
nom
.
pl
|
call[
prs
.
ind
]-
mid
.3
pl
|
‘... who in their own language are called Celts, in our Gauls.’ |
Note: (Caes. Gall. I, 11) |
Modern Hebrew
kor-im
Valency pattern:
le_DO
|
X: le |
Y: DO |
Locus: X |
le |
kli |
ha |
z-e |
kor-im |
matspen |
to
|
instrument
|
def
|
this[
sg
]-
m
|
call-
pl
|
compass
|
‘This instrument is called a compass.’ |
Nanai
gərbiəsiu-
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
X: NOM |
Y: INS |
Locus: Y |
əj |
ǯaka-wa |
kompasа-ǯi |
gərbiə-si-u-ri |
this
|
object-
obl
|
compass-
ins
|
call-
ipfv
-
imps
-
npst
|
‘This instrument is called a compass.’ |
Nivkh
χawd
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
tu |
+ |
prеdmеt |
kоmpas |
χaw-d |
prox
.
dem
|
+
|
thing
|
compass
|
call-
ind
|
‘This instrument is called a compass.’ |
Norwegian Bokmål
å kalles
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
denne |
gjenstand-en |
kalle-s |
et |
kompas |
this.
m
.
sg
|
object-
def
.
m
.
sg
|
call-
pass
.
prs
|
indf
.
n
.
sg
|
compass
|
‘This object is called a compass.’ |
Polish
nazywać się
Valency pattern:
NOM_NOM
|
X: NOM |
Y: NOM |
Locus: Y |
ten |
przedmiot |
nazywa |
się |
busol-a |
this.
m
.
nom
.
sg
|
object[
nom
.
sg
]
|
call:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
refl
|
compass-
nom
.
sg
|
‘This object is called a compass.’ |
Russian
nazyvatʹsja
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
X: NOM |
Y: INS |
Locus: Y |
ètot |
predmet |
nazyva-et-sja |
kompas-om |
this.
m
.
nom
.
sg
|
object(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
call(
ipfv
)-
prs
.3
sg
-
refl
|
compass(
m
)-
ins
.
sg
|
‘This object is called a compass.’ |
Rutul
dur jiɁi
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
mi |
kar-di-d |
dur |
jiɁi |
kompas |
this
|
thing-
obl
-
attr
|
name(
nom
)
|
4.
cop
|
compass(
nom
)
|
‘This thing is called a compass.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument). |
Serbian
zove se
Valency pattern:
NOM_NOM
|
X: NOM |
Y: NOM |
Locus: Y |
taj |
predmet |
se |
zove |
kompas |
этот.
nom
.
sg
.
m
|
предмет.
nom
.
sg
|
refl
|
звать.
prs
.3
sg
|
компас.
nom
.
sg
|
‘Этот предмет называется компас.’ |
Shughni
nům vidow
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
ik-di |
kočor |
nům |
kumpas |
em
-
d
2.
m
.
sg
.
obl
|
thing
|
name
|
compass
|
‘This object is called a compass.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument). |
Skolt Saami
kååččeed
Valency pattern:
ACC_ESS
|
X: ACC |
Y: ESS |
Locus: XY |
tän |
tiiŋg |
kååččeet |
kompass-ân |
prox
.
sg
.
acc
|
thing.
sg
.
acc
|
call.
prs
.4
sg
|
compass-
ess
|
‘This thing is called a compass.’ |
Slovenian
imenovati se
Valency pattern:
NOM_NOM
|
X: NOM |
Y: NOM |
Locus: Y |
ta |
predmet |
se |
imenuje |
kompas |
this.
nom
.
sg
.
m
|
thing[
nom
.
sg
]
|
rfl
|
call:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
compass[
nom
.
sg
]
|
‘This tool is called a compas.’ |
Spanish
llamarse
Valency pattern:
SBJ_PRED
|
X: SBJ |
Y: PRED |
Locus: Y |
est-e |
instrumento |
se |
llam-a |
brújula |
this-
m
|
instrument[
sg
.
m
]
|
refl
.3
sg
|
call-
prs
.3
sg
|
compass[
sg
.
f
]
|
‘This instrument is called a compass.’ |
Swedish
att kallas för
Valency pattern:
TR
|
X: SBJ |
Y: DO |
Locus: TR |
ett |
sådan-t |
här |
verktyg |
kalla-s |
för |
en |
kompass |
indf
.
n
.
sg
|
such-
indf
.
n
.
sg
|
here
|
tool
|
call-
prs
.
pass
|
for
|
indf
.
c
.
sg
|
compass
|
‘This instrument is called a compass.’ |
Note: Phrasal verb (för is not a flagging device). |
Turkish
*
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
bu-nun |
ad-ı |
pusula-dır |
this-
gen
|
name-
p
.3
|
compass-
cop
.3
|
‘This is called a compass.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument). |
Ulcha
gəlbu
Valency pattern:
NA
|
X: * |
Y: * |
Locus: * |
əj |
al'o |
gəlbu-ni |
soro |
this
|
vessel
|
name-3
sg
|
soro
|
‘This vessel is called a soro.’ |
Note: Not included in the database because i) X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier, ii) Y is expressed as a (non-verbal) predicate (not an argument). |
Zilo Andi
ts’er
Valency pattern:
SUPER.LAT_NOM
|
X: SUPER.LAT |
Y: NOM |
Locus: X |
he-b |
dan-ʔo |
ts’er |
qχ’ilba |
dem
-
inan
1
|
thing[
inan
1]-
super
.
lat
|
name[
inan
2][
nom
]
|
compass
|
‘This thing is called a compass.’ |
Note: Non-verbal predicate. |