‘be angry’
| Argument frame: |
X
(be angry) with
Y
|
| Stimulus sentence: |
P.
is angry with
M
.
|
| Predicate label Ru: |
злиться
|
| Argument frame Ru: |
X
(злиться) на
Y
-а
|
| Stimulus sentence Ru: |
П.
злится на
М
.
|
Abaza
[z-]gʷəẑḳə
|
Valency pattern:
ABS_BEN
|
| X: ABS |
| Y: BEN |
| Locus: Y |
| á-č’ḳʷən |
j-aš’á |
d-jə-z-gʷə́ẑḳ-əj-ṭ |
|
def
-boy
|
def
-brother
|
3
sg
.
h
.
abs
-3
sg
.
m
.
io
-
ben
-be_angry-
prs
-
dcl
|
| ‘The boy is angry with his brother.’ |
Adyghe (West Circassian)
fe-gʷəbžə
|
Valency pattern:
ABS_BEN
|
| X: ABS |
| Y: BEN |
| Locus: Y |
| pŝaŝe-r |
ə-šəpχʷə-me |
a-fe-gʷəbžə-r-ep |
|
girl-
abs
|
3
sg
.
pr
-sister-
obl
.
pl
|
3
pl
.
io
-
ben
-be_angry-
dyn
-
neg
|
| ‘The girl is not angry with her sisters.’ |
Aghul
qel ke-
|
Valency pattern:
DAT_SUBCONT.ELAT
|
| X: DAT |
| Y: SUBCONT.ELAT |
| Locus: XY |
| aslan.a-s |
meʜemed.i-k-as |
qel |
ke-a |
|
pn
-
dat
|
pn
-
sub
/
cont
-
elat
|
resentment
|
{
sub
/
cont
}be-
prs
|
| ‘Aslan is angry with Muhammad.’ |
Alik Kryz
ʕasi xhiyic
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_GEN7adig
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN7adig |
| Locus: Y |
| terlan |
rasul |
ʕadi-ğ |
ʕasi |
xhiy-id |
|
pn
|
pn
(
gen
)
|
surface-
super
|
reckless
|
be.
pfv
-
aor
.
m
|
| ‘Terlan is angry with Rasul.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Archi
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_SUP.LAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: SUP.LAT |
| Locus: Y |
| paša |
mərin-ni-tː-ik |
qʼˁara-s |
w-e<r>χi-r-ši |
w-i |
|
pn
|
pn
-
obl
-
sup
-
lat
|
be.angry-
inf
|
1-<
ipfv
>rise-
ipfv
-
cvb
.
ipfv
|
1-be
|
| ‘Pasha is angry with Marina.’ |
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
carəb
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_al
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: al |
| Locus: Y |
| +Ašur |
bəcrab=əl |
+al |
baxt-u |
|
pn
|
be_angry.
prog
=3
m
|
on
|
woman(
f
)-
p
.3
m
|
| ‘Ashur is angry with his wife.’ |
Avar
ccin baqine
|
Valency pattern:
GEN_LOC
|
| X: GEN |
| Y: LOC |
| Locus: XY |
| ʕali-l |
aħmad-i-da |
ccin |
b-aq-un |
b-ugo |
|
pn
-
gen
|
pn
-
obl
-
loc
|
anger
|
n
-rise-
seq
|
n
-
cop
|
| ‘Ali is angry with Ahmad.’ |
Azerbaijani
qǝzǝblǝnmək
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DATLAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DATLAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Aslan |
Rǝsul-a |
qǝzǝblǝn-ib |
|
pn
|
pn
-
dat
/
lat
|
be_angry-
perf
(3)
|
| ‘Aslan is angry with Rasul.’ |
Bambara
dími
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_koro
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: koro |
| Locus: Y |
| Sékù |
dími-nɛn |
bɛ́ |
Fántà |
kɔ́rɔ |
|
pn
|
suffer-
ptcp
.
res
|
res
|
pn
|
under
|
| ‘Seku is angry with Fanta.’ |
Brazilian Portuguese
estar bravo
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_com
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: com |
| Locus: Y |
| Pedro |
está |
brav-o |
com |
Miguel |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
cop
_
prog
.3
sg
.
prs
|
angry-
m
|
with
|
pn
(
m
)
|
| ‘Pedro is angry with Miguel.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Catalan
estar enfadat
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_amb
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: amb |
| Locus: Y |
| en |
Pere |
està |
enfadat |
amb |
en |
Marc |
|
def
.
sg
.
m
|
pn
(
m
)
|
be.3
sg
.
prs
.
ind
|
angry(
m
)
|
with
|
def
.
sg
.
m
|
pn
(
m
)
|
| ‘Pere is angry with Marc.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Chirag
q’uc’ b-uχi
|
Valency pattern:
ABS_SUPER
|
| X: ABS |
| Y: SUPER |
| Locus: Y |
| ʡa̰le |
rasul-l-i |
q’uc’ |
uχ-ub-le |
|
pn
(
abs
)
|
pn
-
obl
-
super
|
angry
|
(
m
.
sg
)become:
pf
-
aor
-
res
.
prs
.3
|
| ‘Ali is angry with Rasul.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Czech
zlobit se
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_naACC
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: naACC |
| Locus: Y |
| Petr |
se |
zlobí |
na |
Michal-a |
|
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
refl
.
acc
|
make_angry(
ipfv
).
prs
.3
sg
|
on
|
pn
(
m
)-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Petr is angry with Michal.’ |
Danish
være sur
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_pa
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: pa |
| Locus: Y |
| Peter |
er |
sur |
på |
Marie |
|
pn
|
be.
prs
|
angry.
c
.
sg
|
on
|
pn
|
| ‘Peter is angry with Marie.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Dutch
boos zijn
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_op
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: op |
| Locus: Y |
| Piet |
is |
boos |
op |
Marie |
|
pn
(
c
)
|
cop
.3
sg
|
angry
|
on
|
pn
(
c
)
|
| ‘Piet is angry with Marie.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Eastern Maninka
mɔ́nɛ
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_ma
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: ma |
| Locus: Y |
| Sékù |
bára |
mɔ́nɛ |
Fónba |
mà. |
|
pn
|
prf
|
be.angry
|
pn
|
adr
|
| ‘Seku is angry with Fomba.’ |
English
be angry
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_with
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: with |
| Locus: Y |
| Peter |
is |
angry |
with |
Mary. |
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Estonian
vihane olema
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_GENpeale
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: GENpeale |
| Locus: Y |
| Peeter |
on |
Mareti |
peale |
vihane |
|
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
be.
prs
.3
sg
|
pn
.
sg
.
gen
|
at
|
angry
|
| ‘Peeter is angry with Maret.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Finnish
vihainen + COP
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_ALL
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ALL |
| Locus: Y |
| Pekka |
on |
vihainen |
Mati-lle |
|
pn
.
nom
|
be.
prs
.3
sg
|
angry.
nom
|
pn
-
all
|
| ‘Pekka is angry with Matti.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Forest Enets
barzir
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| modʲi |
kasa-jʔ |
vasʲa-xa-da |
barziŋa |
|
i
|
man-
nom
.
sg
.1
sg
|
pn
-
dat
.
sg
-
obl
.
sg
.3
sg
|
be_angry(
ipfv
).3
sg
.
s
|
| ‘My friend is angry with Vasja’. |
French
s’énerver
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_contre
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: contre |
| Locus: Y |
| Paul |
s’ |
énerve |
contre |
Marie |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
refl
|
make_nervous.
prs
.3
sg
|
against
|
pn
(
f
)
|
| ‘Paul is angry with Marie.’ |
Georgian
Ø-u-braz-d-eb-a (PRS)
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| p'et're-Ø |
mašo-s |
Ø-u-braz-d-eb-a |
|
pn
-
nom
|
pn
-
dat
|
io
3-
ver
:
o
-be_angry-
intr
-
sm
-
s
3
sg
.
inact
|
| ‘Petre is angry at Masho.’ |
German
sich ärgern
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_uberACC
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: uberACC |
| Locus: Y |
| Karl |
ärger-t |
sich |
über |
Marie |
|
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
annoy-
prs
.3
sg
|
refl
|
over
|
pn
[
acc
.
sg
]
|
| ‘Karl is angry with Marie.’ |
Guinean Kpelle
líi hólu
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| Pépèe |
líi |
àa |
hólu |
Ɲàákwɛ̀i |
pɔ́ |
|
pn
|
heart
|
3
sg
.
prf
|
sting
|
pn
|
to
|
| ‘Pepee is angry with Nyakwei.’ |
| Note: Not included in the database because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. |
Icari Dargwa
q'uc'-ih-araj
|
Valency pattern:
ABS_SUPLAT
|
| X: ABS |
| Y: SUPLAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Islam |
Nadir-rij |
q'uc'-ih-ub-ca=w |
|
pn
.
abs
|
pn
-
suplat
|
anger-(
m
)
lv
:
pf
-
aor
-
cop
=
m
|
| ‘Islam is angry with Nadir.’ |
Irish
bí feargach
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_le
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: le |
| Locus: Y |
| Tá |
Pól |
feargach |
le |
Máire. |
|
be.
prs
|
pn
|
angry
|
with
|
pn
|
| ‘Pól is angry with Máire.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Italian
essere arrabbiato
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_con
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: con |
| Locus: Y |
| Leo |
è |
arrabbiat-o |
con |
Maria |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
be.3
sg
.
prs
|
angry-
sg
.
m
|
with
|
pn
(
f
)
|
| ‘Leo is angry with Maria.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate (passive). |
Kadar Dargwa
|
Valency pattern:
GEN_SUPER
|
| X: GEN |
| Y: SUPER |
| Locus: XY |
| meħamad-la |
himi-d-ak'-ib |
ʡašura-ke |
|
pn
-
gen
|
anger-
npl
-come.
pfv
-
pret
|
pn
-
super
|
| ‘Muhammad is angry with Ashura.’ |
| Note: The NP in the genitive displays some properties of a clause-level dependent. |
Kalderash Romani
xoľavel
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_pe
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: pe |
| Locus: Y |
| o |
Murš-a |
xoľave-l |
pe |
Marijk-a |
|
art
.
m
.
dir
.
sg
|
pn
-
nom
.
sg
|
be_angry-
prs
.3
sg
|
on
|
pn
-
nom
.
sg
|
| ‘Murša is angry with Marijka.’ |
Kandyk Tabasaran
|
Valency pattern:
DAT_CONT.ELAT
|
| X: DAT |
| Y: CONT.ELAT |
| Locus: XY |
| maˁhaˁmed.a-z |
Rasul.i-k-an |
qaˁl |
k-a |
|
pn
-
dat
|
pn
-
cont
-
elat
|
anger
|
cont
-be(
prs
)
|
| ‘Mahamad is angry with Rasul.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Karata
ssime raʔaɬa
|
Valency pattern:
POSS_DAT
|
| X: POSS |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: XY |
| ʕali-b |
aħmat’-ja |
ssime |
r-aʔ-a |
idja |
|
pn
-
n
|
pn
-
dat
|
anger
|
npl
-come-
pf
|
cop
|
| ‘Ali got angry with Ahmat.’ |
Kaytag Dargwa
ʕaˁs:iwihara
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DATLAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DATLAT |
| Locus: Y |
| petja |
maša-j |
ʕaˁs:il-ca |
|
pn
|
pn
-
datlat
|
angry.
adv
-
cop
|
| ‘Petja is angry with Masha.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Kazakh
ašulï
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Petya |
Maša-ɣa |
ašulï |
|
pn
|
pn
-
dat
|
angry
|
| ‘Petya is angry with Masha.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Kazym Khanty
λǝkaśti
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_NOMpela
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: NOMpela |
| Locus: Y |
| waśa-j-en |
λǝkaś-əλ |
maša-j-en |
pɛλa |
|
pn
-
ep
-
poss
.2
sg
|
be_angry-
npst
[3
sg
]
|
pn
-
ep
-
poss
.2
sg
|
at
|
| ‘Vasja is angry with Maša.’ |
Khoekhoe
ǁaixa
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_kha
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: kha |
| Locus: Y |
| Petru-b |
ge |
Maria-s |
ǀkha |
ǁaixa |
hâ |
|
pn
-3
m
.
sg
|
decl
|
pn
-3
f
.
sg
-
obl
|
with
|
be_angry
|
pfv
|
| ‘Peter is angry with Maria.’ |
Khwarshi
semi mak'a
|
Valency pattern:
GEN1_CONT.LAT
|
| X: GEN1 |
| Y: CONT.LAT |
| Locus: XY |
| fatima-s |
semi |
m-ak'a-ha |
hamaʁ-qo-l |
|
pn
-
gen
1
|
anger
|
iii
-go-
prs
|
friend-
cont
-
lat
|
| ‘Fatima is angry with her friend.’ |
| Note: The NP in the genitive displays some properties of a clause-level argument. |
Kina Rutul
bizar jiɁi
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_SUP.EL
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: SUP.EL |
| Locus: Y |
| rasul |
bizar |
jiɁi |
asijed-ɨ-la |
|
pn
(
nom
)
|
irritation
|
1.
cop
|
pn
-
obl
(
sup
)-
el
|
| ‘Rasul is angry with Asijat.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Kumyk
ačuwlanmaq
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| basir |
musa-ʁa |
ačuw-la-n-a |
|
pn
|
pn
-
dat
|
anger-
vblz
-
refl
-3
sg
|
| ‘Basir is angry with Musa.’ |
Latin
irascor
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| (frater) |
etiam |
quibus |
irasc-itur |
crebr-ius, |
tamen |
car-os |
habe-t |
|
brother(
m
).
nom
.
sg
|
even
|
which.
dat
.
pl
|
be_angry[
prs
.
ind
]-
mid
.3
sg
|
often-
cmpr
|
but
|
dear-
acc
.
pl
.
m
|
have[
prs
.
ind
]-
act
.3
sg
|
| ‘Even those who he (brother) is so often angry with, he holds dear.’ |
| Note: (Cic. Ep. ad Att. X, 11, 1) |
Laz
sinij-i o-r-in-u
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_ABL
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ABL |
| Locus: Y |
| Käzim-i |
Fatma-šen |
sinij-i |
Ø-[r]-en-Ø |
|
pm
-
nom
|
pn
-
dat
|
angry-
nom
|
s
3-[be]-
sm
-
s
3
sg
.
inact
|
| ‘Käzim is angry with Fatma.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. The adjective is a loanword from Turkish. |
Mandarin Chinese
shēngqì
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_dui
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: dui |
| Locus: Y |
| Zhāngsān |
duì |
Lǐsì |
shēngqì |
|
pn
|
towards
|
pn
|
get_angry
|
| ‘Zhangsan is angry with Lisi.’ |
Mano
wɛ̄lɛ̄ kpō kùnɔ̄
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_mo
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: mo |
| Locus: Y |
| ŋ̄ |
ŋ̄ |
wɛ̄lɛ̄ |
kpō |
kùnɔ̄-pɛ̀lɛ̀ |
ī |
mɔ̀ |
|
1
sg
.
exi
|
1
sg
|
face
|
ball
|
bend-
inf
|
2
sg
|
on
|
| ‘I am angry with you.’ |
| Note: The possessor is necessarily coreferential with the subject. |
Mehweb
|
Valency pattern:
GEN_SUPER.LAT
|
| X: GEN |
| Y: SUPER.LAT |
| Locus: XY |
| Islam-la |
himi |
a-b-ilz-an |
Nadir-li-če |
|
pn
-
gen
|
gall
|
pv
-
n
-stand:
ipfv
-
hab
|
pn
-
obl
-
super
(
lat
)
|
| ‘Islam is angry with Nadir.’ |
| Note: The NP in the genitive displays some properties of a clause-level dependent. |
Mingrelian
Ø-a-nč'q'or-u-ap-un-Ø (PRS)
|
Valency pattern:
ERG_DAT
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| čelo-Ø |
anučia-s |
Ø-a-nč'q'or-u-ap-u(n)-Ø |
|
pn
-
nom
|
pn
-
dat
|
io
3-
ver
:
r
-be_angry-
r
.
ext
-
caus
-
sm
-
s
3
sg
.
inact
|
| ‘Chelo is angry with Anuchia.’ |
Modern Hebrew
koes
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_al
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: al |
| Locus: Y |
| Pinχas |
koes |
al |
Menaχem |
|
pn
|
be.angry[
ptcp
.
sg
.
m
]
|
on
|
pn
|
| ‘Pinchas is angry with Menachem.’ |
Mukhad Rutul
qhaˤl ʁa
|
Valency pattern:
DAT_SUPEREL
|
| X: DAT |
| Y: SUPEREL |
| Locus: XY |
| murad-ı-s |
q'urban-ııla |
qhaˤl |
ʁa |
|
pn
-
obl
-
dat
|
pn
-
superel
|
anger(
a
)
|
be_on
|
| ‘Murad is angry with Kurban.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Nanai
ajaktači-
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DIR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DIR |
| Locus: Y |
| Petia |
Maša-či |
ajakta.či-ni |
|
pn
|
pn
-
dir
|
anger.
ipfv
.
npst
-
p
.3
sg
|
| ‘Petia is angry with Masha.’ |
Nivkh
kеʁrid
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_DAT/ADD
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DAT/ADD |
| Locus: Y |
| Kaskazik |
Ajsana-rоχ |
kеʁri-d |
|
pn
|
pn
-
dat
/
add
|
be.angry-
ind
|
| ‘Kaskazik is angry with Ajsana.’ |
Northern Akhvakh
ssimi beq’uruƛa
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_LOC
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: LOC |
| Locus: Y |
| pataħi |
musa-ge |
ssimi |
b-eq’-ohe |
gudi |
|
pn
|
pn
-
loc
|
anger
|
n
-come-
cv
|
m
.
cop
|
| ‘Patahi is angry with Musa.’ |
Northern Mansi
kantmawe
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_NOMnupel
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: NOMnupel |
| Locus: Y |
| mārja |
kantm-awe |
āɕ-e |
nupǝl |
|
pn
|
be.angry-
pass
.
npst
.3
sg
|
father-
poss
.3
sg
|
towards
|
| ‘Mary is angry about her father.’ |
| Note: This is a passive construction. |
Northern Yukaghir
joŋoči=
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Sǝmiǝn |
Əkulˈǝ-ŋinˈ |
joŋo-či-j |
|
pn
|
pn
-
dat
|
be_angry-
mult
-
intr
.3
sg
|
| ‘Semien is angry with Akulina.’ |
Norwegian Bokmål
å være sint på
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Per |
er |
sint |
på |
Ola |
|
pn
|
be.
prs
|
angry
|
on
|
pn
|
| ‘Per is angry with Ola.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. Phrasal predicative expression (på is not a flagging device). |
Polish
gniewać się
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_naACC
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: naACC |
| Locus: Y |
| Michał |
gniew-a |
się |
na |
Jank-ę |
|
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
make_angry:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
refl
|
on
|
pn
-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Michał is angry with Janka.’ |
Russian
zlitʹsja
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_naACC
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: naACC |
| Locus: Y |
| Pet-ja |
zl-it-sja |
na |
Maš-u |
|
pn
(
m
)-
nom
.
sg
|
make_angry(
ipfv
)-
prs
.3
sg
-
refl
|
on
|
pn
(
f
)-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Petja is angry with Maša.’ |
Serbian
ljutiti se
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_naACC
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: naACC |
| Locus: Y |
| Petar |
se |
ljuti |
na |
Marij-u |
|
pn
.
nom
.
sg
|
refl
|
anger.
prs
.3
sg
|
on
|
pn
-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Petar is angry with Maria.’ |
Shinaz Rutul
qhaˁl biʔi-n
|
Valency pattern:
ERG_ATTR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ATTR |
| Locus: Y |
| basir |
qhaˁl |
beʔe-vɨ |
karam-dɨ |
|
pn
(
erg
)
|
anger(
a
)
|
a
.pull.
ipf
-
a
.
cop
|
pn
-
attr
|
| ‘Basir is angry with Karam.’ |
Shughni
qār sifentow
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Karamšo |
qār |
Dovlatšo=qati |
sifīδ-ǰ |
|
pn
|
anger
|
pn
=
ins
|
rise-
pf
|
| ‘Karamsha is angry with Dovlatsho.’ |
Skolt Saami
leeʹd suttâm
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_GENool
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: GENool |
| Locus: Y |
| Peâtt |
lij |
suttâm |
Määʹrj |
ool |
|
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
be.
prs
.3
sg
|
angry
|
pn
.
sg
.
gen
|
onto
|
| ‘Pete is angry with Maria’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Slovak
hnevať sa
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_naACC
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: naACC |
| Locus: Y |
| Peter |
sa |
hnevá |
na |
Mark-a |
|
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
refl
.
acc
|
make_angry(
ipfv
).
prs
.3
sg
|
on
|
pn
(
m
)-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Peter is angry with Marek.’ |
Slovenian
jeziti se
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_naACC
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: naACC |
| Locus: Y |
| An-a |
se |
jezi |
na |
Petr-a |
|
pn
-
nom
.
sg
|
rfl
|
anger:
ipfv
.
prs
.3
sg
|
on
|
pn
-
acc
.
sg
|
| ‘Ana is angry with Peter.’ |
Sorani Kurdish
qeɫs bûn
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_le
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: le |
| Locus: Y |
| Hîwa |
le |
Kamr̂an-î |
qeɫs-e |
|
pn
|
from
|
pn
-
obl
|
angry-be.
prs
.3
sg
|
| ‘Hiwa is angry with Kamran.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Southern Rutul
qhaˤl laˤvç'uˤn
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_SUPEREL
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: SUPEREL |
| Locus: Y |
| murad-ı-s |
aydın-ııle |
qhaˤl |
laˤvuˤç'uˤ-r |
|
pn
-
obl
-
dat
|
pn
-
superel
|
anger(
a
)
|
a
.climb.
ipf
-
prs
|
| ‘Murad is angry with Aydin.’ |
Spanish
estar furioso
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_con
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: con |
| Locus: Y |
| Pedro |
está |
furios-o |
con |
María |
|
pn
[
sg
.
m
]
|
be_
prog
.
prs
.3
sg
|
angry[
sg
]-
m
|
with
|
pn
[
sg
.
f
]
|
| ‘Pedro is angry with Maria.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Standard Arabic
munzaʕiǧun
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_minGEN
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: minGEN |
| Locus: Y |
| Aḥmad-u |
munzaʕiǧ-u-n |
min |
Ɂibn-i-hi |
|
pn
-
nom
|
angry.
m
-
nom
-
indef
|
from
|
son-
gen
-
p
.3
m
|
| ‘Ahmad is angry with his son’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Svan
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| maizer-Ø |
lile-s |
x-e-xrin-äːl |
|
pn
-
nom
|
pn
-
dat
|
io
3-
ver
:
r
-become_angry-
vpl
|
| ‘Maizer is angry with Lile.’ |
Swedish
att vara arg
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_pa
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: pa |
| Locus: Y |
| Björn |
är |
arg |
på |
Maja |
|
pn
|
be.
prs
|
angry.
indf
.
c
.
sg
|
on
|
pn
|
| ‘Björn is angry with Maja.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Tagalog
|
Valency pattern:
ACT_CAUSE
|
| X: ACT |
| Y: CAUSE |
| Locus: Y |
| Na-ga~galit |
si |
Pedro |
kay |
Miguel |
|
stat
.
pv
-
ipfv
~angry
|
pers
.
subj
|
pn
|
pers
.
dat
|
pn
|
| ‘Pedro is angry with Miguel.’ |
| Note: Ask Sergey. The Y-argument i) can be introduced by an explicit causal marker and ii) can be promotoed to subject in the causal voice construction. |
Telugu
kopamu + COP
|
Valency pattern:
DAT_OBLmida
|
| X: DAT |
| Y: OBLmida |
| Locus: XY |
| pravīṇ-ki |
maheṣ |
mīda |
kopamu |
uṁdi |
|
pn
(
m
).
sg
.
obl
-
dat
|
pn
(
m
).
sg
.
obl
|
on
|
anger(
n
).
sg
.
nom
|
be.
prs
.3
sg
.
nm
|
| ‘Praveen is angry with Mahesh.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Tsakhur
qhaˁllamıšхhay
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_SUPERLAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: SUPERLAT |
| Locus: Y |
| mamay |
murad-ılqha |
qhaˁllamıš-хha-na |
|
aunt
|
pn
-
superlat
|
angry-
aux
.
pf
-
h
|
| ‘Murad’s aunt is angry with him.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Tsudakhar Dargwa
sim ha-b-uč'-iz/ha-b-urč'-iz
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_SUPER(LAT)
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: SUPER(LAT) |
| Locus: Y |
| uršːi |
juldaš-li-jaˤ |
sim |
ha-w-č'-ible=saj |
|
boy
|
friend-
obl
-
super
(
lat
)
|
angry
|
up
-
m
-take.
pfv
-
pret
.
cnv
=
cop
:
m
(3)
|
| ‘The boy is angry with his neighbor.’ |
Tsugni Dargwa
q'uc'-le + COP
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_SUPER(LAT)
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: SUPER(LAT) |
| Locus: Y |
| durħaˤ |
zumra-ge |
q'uc'-le=caj |
|
boy
|
neighbor-
super
(
lat
)
|
angry-
adv
=
cop
:
m
(3)
|
| ‘The boy is angry with his neighbor.’ |
| Note: Non-verbal predicate. |
Turkish
öfkelenmek
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Mehmet |
Orhan-a |
öfkelen-iyor |
|
pn
|
pn
-
dat
|
be_angry-
prs
|
| ‘Mehmet is angry with Orhan.’ |
Turoyo
məqḥər
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ.SS_m
|
| X: SBJ.SS |
| Y: m |
| Locus: Y |
| Gabriyel |
ko-məqḥər |
me |
Maryam |
|
pn
|
prs
-be_angry.
ipfv
.3
m
|
from
|
pn
|
| ‘Gabriyel is angry with Maryam.’ |
Ulcha
tagdanasi-
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_ban
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ban |
| Locus: Y |
| ama |
əńi=ban |
tagda-nas-i-ni |
|
father
|
mother=to
|
be_angry-
atten
-
prs
-3
sg
|
| ‘Father is angry with mother.’ |
Uzbek
žahli čiqmoq
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_DAT
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| Petya |
Miša-ga |
žahli |
čiq-ti |
|
pn
|
pn
-
dat
|
angry
|
exit-
pst
.3
sg
|
| ‘Petja is angry with Miša.’ |
West Central Oromo
aara
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_LOC
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: LOC |
| Locus: Y |
| obsaa-n |
tolaa-tti |
aaree |
dʒir-a |
|
pn
-
nom
|
pn
-
loc
|
be_angry-3
sg
.
m
.
conv
|
aux
-3
sg
.
m
.
npst
|
| ‘Obsa remains angry with Tola.’ |
Zilo Andi
sːim <b>-iʔ.o-j
|
Valency pattern:
GEN_SUPER.LAT
|
| X: GEN |
| Y: SUPER.LAT |
| Locus: XY |
| pat’imati-tɬi |
sːim |
b-iʔ.o-j |
marjam-ʔo |
|
pn
-
gen
|
anger[
inan
1][
nom
]
|
inan
1-come.
pst
-
pf
|
pn
-
super
.
lat
|
| ‘Patimat is angry at Mariam.’ |
