BivalTyp

Modern Hebrew

Contributed by Dmitry Nikolaev (Academia.edu profile)

D.N.'s photo

The data were gathered in 2020 from Haleli Harel. The English version of the questionnaire was used for elicitation.

How to cite

Nikolaev, Dmitry. 2020. Bivalent patterns in Modern Hebrew. In: Say, Sergey (ed.). BivalTyp: Typological database of bivalent verbs and their encoding frames. St. Petersburg: Institute for Linguistic Studies, RAS. (Data first published on July 17, 2020; last revised on June 23, 2022.) (Available online at https://www.bivaltyp.info, Accessed on .)

Basic info

Grammar notes

Basic clause structure and the transitive construction

The subject (A- or S-argument) is unflagged. The direct object (P-argument) is either unflagged or flagged by the direct object marker et (Differential Object Marking). The person, number and gender of the subject can be indexed on the verb (the exact combination of features depends on tense and aspect). The two variants of the transitive construction are in (1) and (2).

(1) Pinχas  aχal           tapuaχ  
    PN      eat[PST.3SG.M] apple  
    “Pinchas ate an apple.”

(2) Pinχas  kofef           et ha  anaf  
    PN      bend[PST.3SG.M] DO DEF branch  
    “Pinchas bent the branch.”

Non-core arguments are typically flagged by prepositions.

Case system

There is no morphological case on nouns.

Verb lemmas

Verbs are shown in the inflectional form which is used in the translation of the stimulus sentence, e.g. ‘to eat’ is shown as aχal = [eat.PST.3SG.M].

Glossing abbreviations

1, 2, 3 — first, second, third person; CS — construct state; DEF — definite; DO — direct object; F — feminine; INF — infinitive; M — masculine; PL — plural; PN — person name; POSS — possessive; PRS — present; PST — past; PTCP — participle; SG — singular.

Data

Subset examples by valency pattern
Subset examples by locus

1. feel pain jeʃ

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
le Pinχas jeʃ koev roʃ
to pn there.is[ prs ] pain head
‘Pinchas has a headache.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP-internal modifier. Non-verbal predicate.

2. have (illness) jeʃ

Valency pattern: le_SBJ
X: le
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
le Pinχas jeʃ ʃapaat
to pn there.is[ prs ] flu
‘Pinchas has the flu.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

3. be afraid mefaχed

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi
X: SBJ
Y: mi
Locus: Y
Pinχas mefaχed me ha kelev
pn be.afraid[ sg . m ] from def dog
‘Pinchas is afraid of the dog.’

4. throw zarak

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas zarak even
pn throw[ pst .3 sg . m ] stone
‘Pinchas threw a stone.’

5. have enough *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
aχʃav jeʃ le Pinχas maspik kesef
now there.is[ prs ] to pn enough money
‘Now Pinchas has enough money.’
Note: Not included in the database because the intended meaning is expressed by a structurally discontinuous combination (predicate + adnominal modifier). Non-verbal predicate.

6. resemble dome

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Pinχas dome le Menaχem
pn similar to pn
‘Pinchas resembles Menachem.’

7. believe maamin

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Pinχas maamin le Menaχem
pn believe[ ptcp . sg . m ] to pn
‘Pinchas believes Menachem.’

8. take lakaχ

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas lakaχ sefer
pn take[ pst .3 sg . m ] book
‘Pinchas took a book.’

9. see ro-e

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ro-e bajt
pn see[ ptcp ]- sg . m house
‘Pinchas sees a house.’

10. influence maʃpia

Valency pattern: SBJ_al
X: SBJ
Y: al
Locus: Y
gil maʃpia al ha zikaron
age influence[ ptcp . sg . m ] on def memory
‘Age influences memory.’

11. encounter nitkal

Valency pattern: SBJ_be
X: SBJ
Y: be
Locus: Y
Pinχas nitkal be Menaχem
pn bump.into[ pst .3 sg . m ] in pn
‘Pinchas encountered Menachem.’

12. enter niχnas

Valency pattern: SBJ_el
X: SBJ
Y: el
Locus: Y
Pinχas niχnas el ha bajt
pn enter[ pst .3 sg . m ] towards def house
‘Pinchas entered the house.’

13. win nitsaχ

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas nitsaχ et Menaχem
pn beat[ pst .3 sg . m ] do pn
‘Pinchas beat Menachem.’

14. go out jatsa

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi
X: SBJ
Y: mi
Locus: Y
Pinχas jatsa me ha bajt
pn exit[ pst .3 sg . m ] from def house
‘Pinchas went out of the house.’

15. drive movil

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas movil et ha para
pn drive[ ptcp . sg . m ] do def cow
‘Pinchas is driving the cow.’

16. bend kofef

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas kofef et ha anaf
pn bend[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def branch
‘Pinchas bent the branch.’

17. tell amar

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Pinχas amar le Menaχem
pn say[ pst .3 sg . m ] to pn
‘Pinchas told Menachem.’

18. hold maχzik

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas maχzik sefer
pn hold[ ptcp . sg . m ] book
‘Pinchas is holding a book.’

19. catch up higia

Valency pattern: SBJ_el
X: SBJ
Y: el
Locus: Y
Pinχas higia el Mirjam
pn reach[ pst .3 sg . m ] towards pn
‘Pinchas caught up with Miriam.’

20. milk χalav

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas χalav et ha para
pn milk[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def cow
‘Pinchas milked the cow.’

21. reach higia

Valency pattern: SBJ_el
X: SBJ
Y: el
Locus: Y
Pinχas higia el ha gada
pn reach[ pst .3 sg . m ] towards def bank
‘Pinchas reached the bank.’

22. touch naga

Valency pattern: SBJ_be
X: SBJ
Y: be
Locus: Y
Pinχas naga ba kir
pn touch[ pst .3 sg . m ] in+ def wall
‘Pinchas touched the wall.’

23. fight rav

Valency pattern: SBJ_im
X: SBJ
Y: im
Locus: Y
Pinχas rav im Menaχem
pn fight[ ptcp . sg . m ] with pn
‘Pinchas is fighting with Menachem.’

24. be friends χaver

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Pinχas χaver ʃel Menaχem
pn friend poss pn
‘Pinchas is friends with Menachem.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP-internal modifier.

25. think hoʃev

Valency pattern: SBJ_al
X: SBJ
Y: al
Locus: Y
Pinχas hoʃev al Menaχem
pn think[ ptcp . sg . m ] on pn
‘Pinchas is thinking about Menachem.’

26. eat aχal

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas aχal tapuaχ
pn eat[ pst .3 sg . m ] apple
‘Pinchas ate an apple.’

27. fry tigen

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas tigen et ha dag
pn fry[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def fish
‘Pinchas fried the fish.’

28. wait meχake

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Pinχas meχake le Menaχem
pn wait[ ptcp . sg . m ] to pn
‘Pinchas is waiting for Menachem.’

29. forget ʃaχaχ

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ʃaχaχ et ha dereχ ha aχeret
pn forget[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def road def other
‘Pinchas forgot (about) the other road.’

30. depend taluj

Valency pattern: SBJ_be
X: SBJ
Y: be
Locus: Y
zikaron taluj be gil
memory dependent in age
‘Memory depends on age.’

31. call hitkaʃer

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Pinχas hitkaʃer le Menaχem
pn call[ pst .3 sg . m ] to pn
‘Pinchas called Menachem.’

32. get to know hikir

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas hikir et Menaχem lifnej ʃaa
pn know[ pst .3 sg . m ] do pn ago year
‘Pinchas got to know Menachem a year ago.’

33. know makir

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas makir et Menaχem
pn know[ ptcp . sg . m ] do pn
‘Pinchas knows Menachem.’

34. play (instrument) menagen

Valency pattern: SBJ_be
X: SBJ
Y: be
Locus: Y
Pinχas menagen ba gitara
pn play[ ptcp . sg . m ] in+ def guitar
‘Pinchas is playing the guitar.’

35. avoid mitχamek

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi
X: SBJ
Y: mi
Locus: Y
Pinχas mitχamek mi Menaχem
pn avoid[ ptcp . sg . m ] from pn
‘Pinchas avoids Menachem.’

36. make heχin

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas heχin malkodet aχbar-im
pn prepare[ pst .3 sg . m ] trap mouse- pl
‘Pinchas made a mousetrap.’

37. make fun maknit

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas maknit et Menaχem
pn tease[ ptcp . sg . m ] do pn
‘Pinchas is making fun of Menachem.’

38. have jeʃ

Valency pattern: le_SBJ
X: le
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
jeʃ le Pinχas meχona
there.is[ prs ] to pn car
‘Pinchas has a car.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

39. look for meχapes

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas meχapes et ha mafteχ-ot ʃel-o
pn search[ ptcp . sg . m ] do def key- pl poss -3 sg . m
‘Pinchas is looking for his keys.’

40. paint tsava

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas tsava et ha gader
pn paint[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def fence
‘Pinchas painted the fence.’

41. bite naʃaχ

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
kelev naʃaχ et Pinχas
dog bite[ pst .3 sg . m ] do pn
‘A dog bit Pinchas.’

42. forfeit ibed

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ibed et ha bajt ʃel-o
pn lose[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def house poss -3 sg . m
‘Pinchas lost his house.’

43. try to catch menas-e litpos

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas menas-e litpos et ha χatul
pn try[ ptcp ]- sg . m catch[ inf ] do def cat
‘Pinchas is trying to catch the cat.’

44. break ʃavar

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ʃavar makel
pn break[ pst .3 sg . m ] stick
‘Pinchas broke a stick.’

45. flatter maχmi

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Pinχas maχmi le Menaχem
pn flatter[ ptcp . sg . m ] to pn
‘Pinchas is flattering Menachem.’

46. love (person) ohev

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ohev et Menaχem
pn love[ ptcp . sg . m ] do pn
‘Pinchas loves Menachem.’

47. wave menofef

Valency pattern: SBJ_be
X: SBJ
Y: be
Locus: Y
Pinχas menofef be mitpaχat
pn wave[ ptcp . sg . m ] in handkerchief
‘Pinchas is waving a handkerchief.’

48. dream χolem

Valency pattern: SBJ_al
X: SBJ
Y: al
Locus: Y
Pinχas χolem al meχonit χadaʃa
pn dream[ ptcp . sg . m ] on car new
‘Pinchas is dreaming of a new car.’

49. wash ʃataf

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ʃataf et ha kos
pn wash[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def cup
‘Pinchas washed the cup.’

50. put on lavaʃ

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas lavaʃ et miχnasa-v
pn put.on[ pst .3 sg . m ] do trousers- poss .3 sg . m . pl
‘Pinchas put on his trousers.’

51. be called kor-im

Valency pattern: le_DO
X: le
Y: DO
Locus: X
le kli ha z-e kor-im matspen
to instrument def this[ sg ]- m call- pl compass
‘This instrument is called a compass.’

52. punish heenish

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas heenish et ha ben ʃel-o
pn punish[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def son poss -3 sg . m
‘Pinchas punished his son.’

53. attack takaf

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
dav takaf dajag
bear attack[ pst .3 sg . m ] fisherman
‘A bear attacked a fisherman.’

54. fill (intr) hitmale

Valency pattern: SBJ_be
X: SBJ
Y: be
Locus: Y
ha dli hitmale be maim
def bucket fill[ pst .3 sg . m ] in water
‘The bucket filled with water.’

55. find matsa

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas matsa et ha mafteχ-ot ʃel-o
pn find[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def key- pl poss -3 sg . m
‘Pinchas found his keys.’

56. be short χaser

Valency pattern: le_SBJ
X: le
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
χaser le Pinχas juro eχad
is.lacking to pn euro one
‘Pinchas is one euro short.’

57. hate sone

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas sone et Menaχem
pn hate[ ptcp . sg . m ] do pn
‘Pinchas hates Menachem.’

58. like ohev

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ohev et ha χultsa ha z-o
pn love[ ptcp . sg . m ] do def shirt def this[ sg ]- f
‘Pinchas likes this shirt.’

59. need tsariχ

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas tsariχ kesef
pn need[ ptcp . sg . m ] money
‘Pinchas needs money.’

60. surround makif-ot

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
χom-ot makif-ot et ha ir
wall- pl surround[ ptcp ]- pl . f do def city
‘Walls surround the city.’

61. remain niʃar-u

Valency pattern: le_SBJ
X: le
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
niʃar-u le Pinχas asara juro
be.left-3 pl to pn ten[ m ] euro
‘Pinchas has ten euro left.’

62. answer ana

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Pinχas ana le more
pn respond[ pst .3 sg . m ] to teacher
‘Pinchas answered the teacher.’

63. open pataχ

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas pataχ paχit
pn open[ pst .3 sg . m ] can
‘Pinchas opened a can.’

64. be different ʃone

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi
X: SBJ
Y: mi
Locus: Y
lo ha χultsa ʃel-i ʃone mi ʃel-χa
no def shirt poss -1 sg different from poss -2 sg . m
‘No, my shirt is different from yours.’

65. fall behind piger

Valency pattern: SBJ_axarej
X: SBJ
Y: axarej
Locus: Y
Pinχas piger aχarej Menaχem
pn lag[ pst .3 sg . m ] after pn
‘Pinchas fell behind Menachem.’

66. plough χoreʃ

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas χoreʃ et ha sade
pn plow[ ptcp . sg . m ] do def field
‘Pinchas is ploughing the field.’

67. smell meriχ-ot

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi
X: SBJ
Y: mi
Locus: Y
ha jad-ajim ʃel-i meriχ-ot mi delek
def hand- pl poss -1 sg smell[ ptcp ]- pl . f from gasoline
‘My hands smell of gasoline.’

68. cross χatsa

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas χatsa et ha reχov
pn cross[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def street
‘Pinchas crossed the road.’

69. sing ʃar

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ʃar ʃir jafe
pn sing[ pst .3 sg . m ] song beautiful
‘Pinchas sang a beautiful song.’

70. write katav

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas katav miχtav
pn write[ pst .3 sg . m ] letter
‘Pinchas wrote a letter.’

71. drink ʃata

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ʃata et ha χalav
pn drink[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def milk
‘Pinchas drank the milk.’

72. melt hitiχ

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas hitiχ pisa-t oferet
pn melt[ pst .3 sg . m ] piece- cs lead
‘Pinchas melted a piece of lead.’

73. match matim-a

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
ha χagora ha z-o matim-a le simla ʃel-i
def belt def this[ sg ]- f fit[ ptcp . sg ]- f to dress poss -1 sg
‘This belt goes well with my dress.’

74. leave azav

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas azav et ir uledat-o
pn leave[ pst .3 sg . m ] do city birth- poss .3 sg . m
‘Pinchas left his native city.’

75. cover meχas-e

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
ha ʃatiaχ meχas-e et kol ha ritspa
def carptet cover[ ptcp . sg ]- m do whole def floor
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

76. remember zoχer

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas zoχer tov et ha bajt
pn remember[ ptcp . sg . m ] good do def house
‘Pinchas remembers the house well.’

77. help azar

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Pinχas azar le Menaχem
pn help[ pst .3 sg . m ] to pn
‘Pinchas helped Menachem.’

78. understand (language) mevin

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas mevin tsarfatit
pn understand[ ptcp . sg . m ] f rench
‘Pinchas understands French.’

79. hit (target) paga

Valency pattern: SBJ_be
X: SBJ
Y: be
Locus: Y
barak paga ba bajt
lightning hit[ pst .3 sg . m ] in+ def house
‘Lightning struck the house.’

80. cut oneself χataχ et atsm-o

Valency pattern: SBJ_im
X: SBJ
Y: im
Locus: Y
Pinχas χataχ et atsm-o im taar
pn cut[ pst .3 sg . m ] do self-3 sg . m with razor
‘Pinchas cut himself with a razor.’

81. get stuck nidbak-a

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
ha kos nidbak-a le ʃulχan
def glass get.stuck[ pst ]-3 sg . f to table
‘The glass got stuck to the table.’

82. lose (game) ifsid

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Pinχas ifsid le Menaχem
pn lose[ pst .3 sg . m ] to pn
‘Pinchas lost to Menachem.’

83. be glad samaχ

Valency pattern: SBJ_legabej
X: SBJ
Y: legabej
Locus: Y
Pinχas samaχ legabej ha miχtav
pn be.glad[ pst .3 sg . m ] about def letter
‘Pinchas was glad about the letter.’

84. speak medaber

Valency pattern: SBJ_im
X: SBJ
Y: im
Locus: Y
Pinχas medaber im Menaχem
pn speak[ ptcp . sg . m ] with pn
‘Pinchas is speaking with Menachem.’

85. give birth jald-a

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Mirjam jald-a ben
pn give.birth[ pst ]-3 sg . f son
‘Miriam gave birth to a son.’

86. drop hipil

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas hipil et ha kos
pn drop[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def glass
‘Pinchas dropped the glass.’

87. govern menahel

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas menahel et ha ir ʃel-anu
pn manage[ ptcp . sg . m ] do def city poss -1 pl
‘Pinchas runs our town.’

88. miss mitgagea

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Pinχas mitgagea le Menaχem
pn miss[ ptcp . sg . m ] to pn
‘Pinchas misses Menachem.’

89. follow okev

Valency pattern: SBJ_axarej
X: SBJ
Y: axarej
Locus: Y
Pinχas okev aχarej Menaχem
pn follow[ ptcp . sg . m ] after pn
‘Pinchas follows Menachem.’

90. dismount jarad

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi
X: SBJ
Y: mi
Locus: Y
Pinχas jarad me ha sus
pn descend[ pst .3 sg . m ] from def horse
‘Pinchas got down from the horse.’

91. listen makʃiv

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Pinχas makʃiv le radio
pn listen[ ptcp . sg . m ] to radio
‘Pinchas is listening to radio.’

92. obey makʃiv

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Pinχas tamid makʃiv le ima ʃel-o
pn always listen[ ptcp . sg . m ] to mother poss -3 sg . m
‘Pinchas always listens to his mother.’

93. hear shomea

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas shomea et ha muzika
pn hear[ ptcp . sg . m ] do def music
‘Pinchas hears the music.’

94. mix hitarbev

Valency pattern: SBJ_im
X: SBJ
Y: im
Locus: Y
ha dvaʃ hitarbev im ha χalav
def honey get.mixed[ pst .3 sg . m ] with def milk
‘The honey got mixed with milk.’

95. look mistakel

Valency pattern: SBJ_al
X: SBJ
Y: al
Locus: Y
Pinχas mistakel al ha anan-im
pn look[ ptcp . sg . m ] on def cloud- pl
‘Pinchas is looking at the clouds.’

96. take off paʃat

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas paʃat et ha χultsa ʃel-o
pn take.off[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def shirt poss -3 sg . m
‘Pinchas took off his shirt.’

97. dream (sleeping) χolem-et

Valency pattern: SBJ_al
X: SBJ
Y: al
Locus: Y
Pinχas χolem al Mirjam
pn dream[ ptcp . sg . m ] on pn
‘Pinchas dreams about Miriam.’

98. agree hiskim

Valency pattern: SBJ_im
X: SBJ
Y: im
Locus: Y
Pinχas hiskim im Menaχem
pn agree[ pst .3 sg . m ] with pn
‘Pinchas agreed with Menachem.’

99. have a quarrel rav

Valency pattern: SBJ_im
X: SBJ
Y: im
Locus: Y
Pinχas rav im Menaχem
pn quarrel[ pst .3 sg . m ] with pn
‘Pinchas had a quarrel with Menachem.’

100. cost ol-a

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
ha kos ha z-ot ol-a juro
def cup def this[ sg ]- f cost[ ptcp ]- sg . f euro
‘This cup costs 1 euro.’

101. shoot at jara

Valency pattern: SBJ_be
X: SBJ
Y: be
Locus: Y
Pinχas jara be tsipor
pn shoot[ pst .3 sg . m ] in bird
‘Pinchas shot at the bird.’

102. pour ʃafaχ

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ʃafaχ et ha sukar
pn pour[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def sugar
‘Pinchas poured the sugar.’

103. lose ibed

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ibed et ha mafteχ-ot ʃel-o
pn lose[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def key- pl poss -3 sg . m
‘Pinchas lost his keys.’

104. sink ʃaka

Valency pattern: SBJ_be
X: SBJ
Y: be
Locus: Y
bul ha ets ʃaka ba maim
log1 def log2 sink[ pst .3 sg . m ] in+ def water
‘The log sank in the water.’

105. kill harag

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas harag et Menaχem
pn kill[ pst .3 sg . m ] do pn
‘Pinchas killed Menachem.’

106. hit hika

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas hika et Menaχem
pn hit[ pst .3 sg . m ] do pn
‘Pinchas hit Menachem.’

107. kiss niʃek

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas niʃek et Menaχem
pn kiss[ pst .3 sg . m ] do pn
‘Pinchas kissed Menachem.’

108. read kara

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas kara sefer meanjen
pn read[ pst .3 sg . m ] book interesting
‘Pinchas read an interesting book.’

109. move (bodypart) heevir

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas heevir et etsba-o
pn move[ pst .3 sg . m ] do finger- poss .3 sg . m
‘Pinchas moved his finger.’

110. respect meχabed

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas meχabed et Menaχem
pn respect[ ptcp . sg . m ] do pn
‘Pinchas respects Menachem.’

111. be squeamish nirta

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi
X: SBJ
Y: mi
Locus: Y
Pinχas nirta mi kel-im meluχlaχ-im
pn be.afraid[ ptcp . sg . m ] from dish- pl dirty- pl
‘Pinchas is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

112. be content merutse

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi
X: SBJ
Y: mi
Locus: Y
Pinχas merutse me ha ben ʃel-o
pn satisfied from def son poss -3 sg . m
‘Pinchas is satisfied with his son.’

113. fall in love hitahev

Valency pattern: SBJ_be
X: SBJ
Y: be
Locus: Y
Pinχas hitahev be Menaχem
pn fall.in.love[ pst .3 sg . m ] in pn
‘Pinchas fell in love with Menachem.’

114. trust someχ

Valency pattern: SBJ_al
X: SBJ
Y: al
Locus: Y
Pinχas someχ al Menaχem
pn trust[ ptcp . sg . m ] on pn
‘Pinchas trusts Menachem.’

115. sympathise meraxem

Valency pattern: SBJ_al
X: SBJ
Y: al
Locus: Y
Pinχas meraχem al im-o
pn sympathise[ ptcp . sg . m ] on mother- poss .3 sg . m
‘Pinchas sympathises with his mother.’

116. envy mekan-e

Valency pattern: SBJ_be
X: SBJ
Y: be
Locus: Y
Pinχas mekan-e be Menaχem
pn envy[ ptcp ]- sg . m in pn
‘Pinchas envies Menachem.’

117. be angry koes

Valency pattern: SBJ_al
X: SBJ
Y: al
Locus: Y
Pinχas koes al Menaχem
pn be.angry[ ptcp . sg . m ] on pn
‘Pinchas is angry with Menachem.’

118. be surprised hufta

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi
X: SBJ
Y: mi
Locus: Y
Pinχas hufta me ha matana ha z-o
pn be.surprised[ pst .3 sg . m ] from def gift def this- sg . f
‘Pinchas was surprised at this gift.’

119. love (tea) ohev

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ohev te
pn love[ ptcp . sg . m ] tea
‘Pinchas loves tea.’

120. enjoy nehene

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi
X: SBJ
Y: mi
Locus: Y
Pinχas nehene me ha te ha χam
pn enjoy[ ptcp . sg . m ] from def tea def hot
‘Pinchas enjoys hot tea.’

121. want rots-e

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas rots-e telefon najad χadaʃ
pn want[ ptcp . sg ]- m phone mobile new
‘Pinchas wants a new mobile phone.’

122. have a grudge noter tina

Valency pattern: SBJ_le
X: SBJ
Y: le
Locus: Y
Pinχas noter tina le Menaχem
pn guard[ ptcp . sg . m ] malice to pn
‘Pinchas holds a grudge against Menachem.’

123. take offence nifga

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi
X: SBJ
Y: mi
Locus: Y
Pinχas nifga mi Menaχem
pn be.offended[ pst .3 sg . m ] from pn
‘Pinchas took offence at Menachem.’

124. upset hirgiz

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas hirgiz meod et Mirjam
pn upset[ pst .3 sg . m ] much do pn
‘Pinchas greatly upset Miriam.’

125. marvel hitraʃem

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi
X: SBJ
Y: mi
Locus: Y
Pinχas hitraʃem me ha ir ha z-o
pn be.impressed[ pst .3 sg . m ] from def town def this- sg . f
‘Pinchas was impressed by this town.’

126. despise metaev

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas metaev et Menaχem
pn despise[ ptcp . sg . m ] do pn
‘Pinchas despises Menachem.’

127. get upset hitatsben

Valency pattern: SBJ_al
X: SBJ
Y: al
Locus: Y
Pinχas hitatsben al ha ben ʃel-o
pn become.annoyed[ pst .3 sg . m ] on def son poss -3 sg . m
‘Pinchas got upset with his son.’

128. get irritated mitatsben

Valency pattern: SBJ_al
X: SBJ
Y: al
Locus: Y
Pinχas mitatsben al ha bat ʃel-o
pn become.annoyed[ ptcp . sg . m ] on def daughter poss -3 sg . m
‘Pinchas is getting irritated with his daughter.’

129. be fond meχabev

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas meχabev et Menaχem
pn like[ ptcp . sg . m ] do pn
‘Pinchas is fond of Menachem.’

130. be shy mitbajeʃ

Valency pattern: SBJ_be
X: SBJ
Y: be
Locus: Y
Pinχas mitbajeʃ ba gova ʃel-o
pn be.ashamed[ ptcp . sg . m ] in+ def height poss -3 sg . m
‘Pinchas is embarrased about his height.’