BivalTyp

Belarusian

Contributed by Volha Harytskaya. Dmitri Sitchinava has generously assisted in preparing the dataset for publication.

V.H.'s photo

The data were gathered in 2017 using the Russian version of the questionnaire.

How to cite

Harytskaya, Volha. 2025. Bivalent patterns in Belarusian. In: Say, Sergey (ed.). BivalTyp: Typological database of bivalent verbs and their encoding frames. (Data first published on January 8, 2025; last revised on February 10, 2024.) (Available online at https://bivaltyp.info, Accessed on )

Basic info

Data

Subset examples by valency pattern
Subset examples by locus

1. feel pain balieć

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Alies-ju bal-ić halav-a
pn - dat . sg ache( ipfv )- prs .3 sg head- nom . sg
‘Ales has a headache.’

2. have (illness) chvareć

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Alieś chvare-je na hryp
pn [ nom . sg ] be_sick( ipfv )- prs .3 sg на flu[ acc . sg ]
‘Ales has the flu.’

3. be afraid bajacca

Valency pattern: NOM_GEN
X: NOM
Y: GEN
Locus: Y
Alieś ba-ic-ca sabak-i
pn [ nom . sg ] be_afraid( ipfv )- prs .3 sg - refl dog- gen . sg
‘Ales is afraid of the dog.’

4. throw kinuć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś kinu-ŭ kamień
pn [ nom . sg ] throw( pfv )- pst . sg . m stone[ acc . sg ]
‘Ales threw a stone.’

5. have enough chapać

Valency pattern: DAT_GEN
X: DAT
Y: GEN
Locus: XY
Alies-ju chapa-je hroš-aj
pn - dat . sg be_enough( ipfv )- prs .3 sg money- gen . pl
‘Ales has enough money.’

6. resemble padobny + COP

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Alieś padobn-y na Vasil-ja
pn [ nom . sg ] similar- nom . sg . m on pn - acc . sg
‘Ales resembles Vasil.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

7. believe vieryć

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Alieś vier-yć Vasil-ju
pn [ nom . sg ] believe( ipfv )- prs .3 sg pn - dat . sg
‘Ales believes Vasil.’

8. take uziać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś uzia-ŭ knih-u z palic-y
pn [ nom . sg ] take( pfv )- pst . sg . m book- acc . sg from_on shelf- gen . sg
‘Ales took a book from the shelf.’

9. see bačyć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś bač-yć dom
pn [ nom . sg ] see( ipfv )- prs .3 sg house[ acc . sg ]
‘Ales sees a house.’

10. influence uplyvać

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
uzrost uplyva-je na pamiać
age[ nom . sg ] influence( ipfv )- prs .3 sg on memory[ acc . sg ]
‘Age influences memory.’

11. encounter spatkać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś spatka-ŭ Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] meet( pfv )- pst . sg . m pn - acc . sg
‘Ales encountered Alena.’

12. enter uvajsci

Valency pattern: NOM_uACC
X: NOM
Y: uACC
Locus: Y
Alieś uvajšo-ŭ u chat-u
pn [ nom . sg ] come_in( pfv )- pst . sg . m in house- acc . sg
‘Ales entered the house.’

13. win vyjhrać

Valency pattern: NOM_uGEN
X: NOM
Y: uGEN
Locus: Y
Alieś vyjhra-ŭ u Vasil-ja
pn [ nom . sg ] win( pfv )- pst . sg . m at pn - gen . sg
‘Ales beat Vasil.’

14. go out vyjsci

Valency pattern: NOM_zGEN
X: NOM
Y: zGEN
Locus: Y
Alieś vyjša-ŭ z chat-y
pn [ nom . sg ] come_out( pfv )- pst . sg . m from_on house- gen . sg
‘Ales went out of the house.’

15. drive hnać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś hon-ić karov-u na vypas
pn [ nom . sg ] drive( ipfv )- prs .3 sg cow- acc . sg on pasture[ acc . sg ]
‘Ales is driving the cow to the pasture.’

16. bend sahnuć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś sahnu-ŭ halink-u
pn [ nom . sg ] bend( pfv )- pst . sg . m branch- acc . sg
‘Ales bent the branch.’

17. tell skazać

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Alieś skaza-ŭ Vasil-ju
pn [ nom . sg ] tell( pfv )- pst . sg . m pn - dat . sg
‘Ales told Vasil: ...’

18. hold trymać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś tryma-je knih-u
pn [ nom . sg ] hold( ipfv )- prs .3 sg book- acc . sg
‘Ales is holding a book.’

19. catch up dahnać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś dahna-ŭ Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] catch_up( pfv )- pst . sg . m pn - acc . sg
‘Ales caught up with Alena.’

20. milk padaić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś padai-ŭ karov-u
pn [ nom . sg ] milk( pfv )- pst . sg . m cow- acc . sg
‘Ales milked the cow.’

21. reach dasiahnuć

Valency pattern: NOM_GEN
X: NOM
Y: GEN
Locus: Y
Alieś dasiahnu-ŭ bierah-a
pn [ nom . sg ] reach( pfv )- pst . sg . m bank- gen . sg
‘Ales reached the bank.’

22. touch dakranucca

Valency pattern: NOM_daGEN
X: NOM
Y: daGEN
Locus: Y
Alieś dakranu-ŭ-sia da scian-y
pn [ nom . sg ] touch( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl up_to wall- gen . sg
‘Ales touched the wall.’

23. fight bicca

Valency pattern: NOM_zINS
X: NOM
Y: zINS
Locus: Y
Alieś b-jec-ca z Vasil-jom
pn [ nom . sg ] beat( ipfv )- prs .3 sg - refl with pn - ins . sg
‘Ales is fighting with Vasil.’

24. be friends siabravać

Valency pattern: NOM_zINS
X: NOM
Y: zINS
Locus: Y
Alieś siabru-je z Alien-aj
pn [ nom . sg ] be_friends( ipfv )- prs .3 sg with pn - ins . sg
‘Ales is friends with Alena.’

25. think dumać

Valency pattern: NOM_praACC
X: NOM
Y: praACC
Locus: Y
Alieś duma-je pra Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] think( ipfv )- prs .3 sg about pn - acc . sg
‘Ales is thinking about Alena.’

26. eat zjesci

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś zje-ŭ jablyk
pn [ nom . sg ] eat( pfv )- pst . sg . m apple[ acc . sg ]
‘Ales ate an apple.’

27. fry pasmažyć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś pasmažy-ŭ ryb-u
pn [ nom . sg ] fry( pfv )- pst . sg . m fish- acc . sg
‘Ales fried the fish.’

28. wait čakać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś čaka-je Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] wait( ipfv )- prs .3 sg pn - acc . sg
‘Ales is waiting for Alena.’

29. forget zabycca

Valency pattern: NOM_praACC
X: NOM
Y: praACC
Locus: Y
Alieś zaby-ŭ-sia pra inš-uju daroh-u
pn [ nom . sg ] forget( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl about other- acc . sg . f road- acc . sg
‘Ales forgot about the other road.’

30. depend zaliežać

Valency pattern: NOM_adGEN
X: NOM
Y: adGEN
Locus: Y
pamiać zaliež-yć ad uzrost-u
memory[ nom . sg ] depend( ipfv )- prs .3 sg from_at age- gen . sg
‘Memory depends on age.’

31. call paklikać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś paklika-ŭ Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] call( pfv )- pst . sg . m pn - acc . sg
‘Ales called Alena.’

32. get to know paznajomicca

Valency pattern: NOM_zINS
X: NOM
Y: zINS
Locus: Y
Alieś paznajomi-ŭ-sia z Alien-aj hod tamu
pn [ nom . sg ] make_acquainted( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl with pn - ins . sg year[ acc . sg ] that. dat . sg
‘Ales got to know Alena a year ago.’

33. know viedać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś vieda-je Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] wait( ipfv )- prs .3 sg pn - acc . sg
‘Ales knows Alena.’

34. play (instrument) ihrać

Valency pattern: NOM_naLOC
X: NOM
Y: naLOC
Locus: Y
Alieś ihra-je na hitar-y
pn [ nom . sg ] play( ipfv )- prs .3 sg on guitar- loc . sg
‘Ales is playing the guitar.’

35. avoid pazbiahać

Valency pattern: NOM_GEN
X: NOM
Y: GEN
Locus: Y
Alieś pazbiaha-je Alien-y
pn [ nom . sg ] avoid( ipfv )- prs .3 sg pn - gen . sg
‘Ales avoids Alena.’

36. make zrabić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś zrabi-ŭ bomb-u
pn [ nom . sg ] make( pfv )- pst . sg . m bomb- acc . sg
‘Ales made a bomb.’

37. make fun zdziekavacca

Valency pattern: NOM_zGEN
X: NOM
Y: zGEN
Locus: Y
Alieś zdzieku-jec-ca z Alien-y
pn [ nom . sg ] make_fun( ipfv )- prs .3 sg - refl from_on pn - gen . sg
‘Ales is making fun of Alena.’

38. have być

Valency pattern: uGEN_NOM
X: uGEN
Y: NOM
Locus: X
u Alies-ja josć mašyn-a
at pn - gen . sg be. prs .3 sg car- nom . sg
‘Ales has a car.’

39. look for šukać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś šuka-je kliuč-y
pn [ nom . sg ] look_for( ipfv )- prs .3 sg key- acc . pl
‘Ales is looking for his keys.’

40. paint pafarbavać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś pafarbava-ŭ plot
pn [ nom . sg ] paint( pfv )- pst . sg . m fence[ acc . sg ]
‘Ales painted the fence.’

41. bite ukusić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
sabak-a ŭkusi-l-a Alies-ja
dog- nom . sg bite( pfv )- pst - sg . f pn - acc . sg
‘A dog bit Ales.’

42. forfeit stracić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś straci-ŭ dom
pn [ nom . sg ] lose( pfv )- pst . sg . m house[ acc . sg ]
‘Ales lost (his) house.’

43. try to catch lavić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś lov-ić košk-u
pn [ nom . sg ] catch( ipfv )- prs .3 sg cat- acc . sg
‘Ales is trying to catch the cat.’

44. break zlamać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś zlama-ŭ palk-u
pn [ nom . sg ] break( pfv )- pst . sg . m stick- acc . sg
‘Ales broke a stick.’

45. flatter lislivić

Valency pattern: NOM_pieradINS
X: NOM
Y: pieradINS
Locus: Y
Alieś lislivi-ć pierad Alien-aj
pn [ nom . sg ] flatter( ipfv )- prs .3 sg before pn - ins . sg
‘Ales is flattering Alena.’

46. love (person) liubić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś liub-ić Vasil-ja
pn [ nom . sg ] love( ipfv )- prs .3 sg pn - acc . sg
‘Ales loves Vasil.’

47. wave machać

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Alieś macha-je chustk-aj
pn [ nom . sg ] wave( ipfv )- prs .3 sg handkerchief- ins . sg
‘Ales is waving a handkerchief.’

48. dream maryć

Valency pattern: NOM_praACC
X: NOM
Y: praACC
Locus: Y
Alieś mar-yć pra nov-uju mašyn-u
pn [ nom . sg ] dream( ipfv )- prs .3 sg about new- acc . sg . f car- acc . sg
‘Ales is dreaming of a new car.’

49. wash pamyć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś pamy-ŭ kubak
pn [ nom . sg ] wash( pfv )- pst . sg . m cup[ acc . sg ]
‘Ales washed the cup.’

50. put on apranuć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś apranu-ŭ štan-y
pn [ nom . sg ] put_on( pfv )- pst . sg . m trousers- acc . sg
‘Ales put on his trousers.’

51. be called nazyvacca

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
hety pradmiet nazyva-jec-ca kompas-am
this. nom . sg . m object[ nom . sg ] call( ipfv )- prs .3 sg - refl compass- ins . sg
‘This object is called a compass.’

52. punish pakarać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś pakara-ŭ syn-a
pn [ nom . sg ] call( pfv )- pst . sg . m pn - acc . sg
‘Ales punished (his) son.’

53. attack napasci

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
miadzviedź napa-ŭ na rybak-a
bear[ nom . sg ] attack( pfv )- pst . sg . m on fisherman- acc . sg
‘A bear attacked a fisherman.’

54. fill (intr) zapoŭnicca

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
viadr-o zapoŭni-l-a-sia vad-oj
bucket- nom . sg fill( pfv )- pst - sg . n - refl water- ins . sg
‘The bucket filled with water.’

55. find znajsci

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś znajšo-ŭ kliuč-y
pn [ nom . sg ] find( pfv )- pst . sg . m key- acc . pl
‘Ales found his keys.’

56. be short nie chapać

Valency pattern: DAT_GEN
X: DAT
Y: GEN
Locus: XY
Alies-ju nie chapa-je adn-aho daliar-a
pn - dat . sg neg be_enough( ipfv )- prs .3 sg one- gen . sg . m dollar- gen . sg
‘Ales is one dollar short.’

57. hate nienavidzieć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś nienavidz-ić Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] hate( ipfv )- prs .3 sg pn - acc . sg
‘Ales hates Vasil.’

58. like padabacca

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Alies-ju padaba-jec-ca het-aja kašul-ja
pn - dat . sg like( ipfv )- prs .3 sg - refl this- nom . sg . f shirt- nom . sg
‘Ales likes this shirt.’

59. need patrebny + COP

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Alies-ju patrebn-yja hroš-y
pn - dat . sg necessary- nom . pl money- nom . pl
‘Ales needs money.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

60. surround abkružać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
scien-y abkruža-juć horad
wall- nom . pl surround( ipfv )- prs .3 pl city[ acc . sg ]
‘Walls surround the city.’

61. remain zastacca

Valency pattern: uGEN_NOM
X: uGEN
Y: NOM
Locus: X
u Alies-ja zasta-l-o-sia dziesiać daliar-aŭ
at pn - gen . sg remain( pfv )- pst - sg . n - refl ten. nom dollar- gen . pl
‘Ales has ten dollars left.’

62. answer adkazać

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Alieś adkaza-ŭ nastaŭnik-u
pn [ nom . sg ] answer( pfv )- pst . sg . m teacher- dat . sg
‘Ales answered the teacher.’

63. open adkryć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś adkry-ŭ sloik
pn [ nom . sg ] open( pfv )- pst . sg . m can[ acc . sg ]
‘Ales opened a can.’

64. be different adroznivacca

Valency pattern: NOM_adGEN
X: NOM
Y: adGEN
Locus: Y
maja kašul-ja adrozniva-jec-ca ad tva-joj
my. nom . sg . f shirt- nom . sg be_different( ipfv )- prs .3 sg - refl from_at your- gen . sg . f
‘My shirt is different from yours.’

65. fall behind adstać

Valency pattern: NOM_adGEN
X: NOM
Y: adGEN
Locus: Y
Alieś adsta-ŭ ad Alien-y
pn [ nom . sg ] fall_behind( pfv )- pst . sg . m from_at pn - gen . sg
‘Ales fell behind Alena’.’

66. plough arać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś ar-e pol-je
pn [ nom . sg ] plough( ipfv )- prs .3 sg field- acc . sg
‘Ales is ploughing the field.’

67. smell pachnuć

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
maje ruk-i pachn-uć bienzin-am
my. nom . pl hand- nom . pl smell( ipfv )- prs .3 pl gasoline- ins . sg
‘My hands smell of gasoline.’

68. cross pierajsci

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś pierajšo-ŭ daroh-u
pn [ nom . sg ] cross( pfv )- pst . sg . m road- acc . sg
‘Ales crossed the road.’

69. sing spieć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś spie-ŭ pryhož-uju piesn-ju
pn [ nom . sg ] sing( pfv )- pst . sg . m beautiful- acc . sg . f song- acc . sg
‘Ales sang a beautiful song.’

70. write napisać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś napisa-ŭ list
pn [ nom . sg ] write( pfv )- pst . sg . m letter[ acc . sg ]
‘Ales wrote a letter.’

71. drink vypić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś vypi-ŭ malak-o
pn [ nom . sg ] drink( pfv )- pst . sg . m milk- acc . sg
‘Ales drank the milk.’

72. melt rasplavić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś rasplavi-ŭ kavalak svinc-u
pn [ nom . sg ] melt( pfv )- pst . sg . m piece[ acc . sg ] lead- gen . sg
‘Ales melted a piece of lead.’

73. match pasavać

Valency pattern: NOM_daGEN
X: NOM
Y: daGEN
Locus: Y
hety pojas pasu-je da majoj sukienk-i
this. nom . sg . m belt[ nom . sg ] match( ipfv )- prs .3 sg up_to my. gen . sg . f dress- gen . sg
‘This belt goes well with my dress.’

74. leave pakinuć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś pakinu-ŭ rodn-y horad
pn [ nom . sg ] leave( pfv )- pst . sg . m native- acc . sg . m city[ acc . sg ]
‘Ales left his native city.’

75. cover nakryvać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
dyvan nakryva-je ŭs-ju padloh-u
carpet[ nom . sg ] cover( ipfv )- prs .3 sg all- acc . sg . f floor- acc . sg
‘The carpet covers the whole floor.’

76. remember pamiatać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś dobra pamiata-je dom dzie jon vyras
pn [ nom . sg ] well remember( ipfv )- prs .3 sg house[ acc . sg ] where he. nom grow_up( pfv ). pst . sg . m
‘Ales remembers the house where he grew up well.’

77. help dapamahčy

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Alieś dapamoh Alien-je
pn [ nom . sg ] help( pfv ). pst . sg . m pn - dat . sg
‘Ales helped Alena.’

78. understand (language) razumieć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś razumie-je francuzsk-uju mov-u
pn [ nom . sg ] understand( ipfv )- prs .3 sg f rench- acc . sg . f language- acc . sg
‘Ales understands the French language.’

79. hit (target) trapić

Valency pattern: NOM_uACC
X: NOM
Y: uACC
Locus: Y
malank-a trapi-l-a ŭ dom
lightning- nom . sg get_to( pfv )- pst - sg . f in house[ acc . sg ]
‘Lightning struck the house.’

80. cut oneself parezacca

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Alieś pareza-ŭ-sia brytv-aj
pn [ nom . sg ] cut( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl razor- ins . sg
‘Ales cut himself with a razor.’

81. get stuck prylipnuć

Valency pattern: NOM_daGEN
X: NOM
Y: daGEN
Locus: Y
škliank-a prylip-l-a da stal-a
glass- nom . sg stick( pfv )- pst - sg . f up_to table- gen . sg
‘The glass got stuck to the table.’

82. lose (game) prajhrać

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Alieś prajhra-ŭ Vasil-ju
pn [ nom . sg ] lose( pfv )- pst . sg . m pn - dat . sg
‘Ales lost to Vasil.’

83. be glad uzradavacca

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Alieś uzradava-ŭ-sia list-u
pn [ nom . sg ] gladden( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl letter- dat . sg
‘Ales was glad about the letter.’

84. speak razmaŭliać

Valency pattern: NOM_zINS
X: NOM
Y: zINS
Locus: Y
Alieś razmaŭlia-je z Alien-aj
pn [ nom . sg ] speak( ipfv )- prs .3 sg with pn - ins . sg
‘Ales is speaking with Alena.’

85. give birth naradzić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alien-a naradzi-l-a syn-a
pn - nom . sg give_birth( pfv )- pst - sg . f son- acc . sg
‘Alena gave birth to a son.’

86. drop vypuscić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś vypusci-ŭ škliank-u
pn [ nom . sg ] drop( pfv )- pst . sg . m glass- acc . sg
‘Ales dropped the glass.’

87. govern kiravać

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Alieś kiru-je naš-ym pasiolk-am
pn [ nom . sg ] govern( ipfv )- prs .3 sg our- ins . sg . m village- ins . sg
‘Ales runs our town.’

88. miss sumavać

Valency pattern: NOM_paDAT
X: NOM
Y: paDAT
Locus: Y
Alieś sumu-je pa Alien-je
pn [ nom . sg ] miss( ipfv )- prs .3 sg by pn - dat . sg
‘Ales misses Alena.’

89. follow isci sliedam

Valency pattern: NOM_zaINS
X: NOM
Y: zaINS
Locus: Y
Alieś idz-je slied-am za Alien-aj
pn [ nom . sg ] go( ipfv )- prs .3 sg trace- ins . sg behind pn - ins . sg
‘Ales follows Alena.’

90. dismount zliezci

Valency pattern: NOM_zGEN
X: NOM
Y: zGEN
Locus: Y
Alieś zliez z kan-ja
pn [ nom . sg ] dismount( pfv ). pst . sg . m from_on horse- gen . sg
‘Ales got down from the horse.’

91. listen sluchać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś slucha-je radyjo
pn [ nom . sg ] listen( ipfv )- prs .3 sg radio[ acc . sg ]
‘Ales is listening to radio.’

92. obey sluchacca

Valency pattern: NOM_GEN
X: NOM
Y: GEN
Locus: Y
Alieś slucha-jec-ca mam-y
pn [ nom . sg ] listen( ipfv )- prs .3 sg - refl mother- gen . sg
‘Ales listens to his mother.’

93. hear čuć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś ču-je muzyk-u
pn [ nom . sg ] hear( ipfv )- prs .3 sg music- acc . sg
‘Ales hears the music.’

94. mix zmiašacca

Valency pattern: NOM_zINS
X: NOM
Y: zINS
Locus: Y
miod zmiaša-ŭ-sia z malak-om
honey[ nom . sg ] mix( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl with milk- ins . sg
‘The honey got mixed with milk.’

95. look hliadzieć

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Alieś hliadz-ić na chmar-u
pn [ nom . sg ] look( ipfv )- prs .3 sg on cloud- acc . sg
‘Ales is looking at the cloud.’

96. take off zniać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś znia-ŭ kašul-ju
pn [ nom . sg ] put_off( pfv )- pst . sg . m shirt- acc . sg
‘Ales took off his shirt.’

97. dream (sleeping) snicca

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Alies-ju sn-ic-ca Alien-a
pn - dat . sg dream( ipfv )- prs .3 sg - refl pn - nom . sg
‘Ales dreams about Alena.’

98. agree pahadzicca

Valency pattern: NOM_zINS
X: NOM
Y: zINS
Locus: Y
Alieś pahadzi-ŭ-sia z Alien-aj
pn [ nom . sg ] agree( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl with pn - ins . sg
‘Ales agreed with Alena.’

99. have a quarrel pasvarycca

Valency pattern: NOM_zINS
X: NOM
Y: zINS
Locus: Y
Alieś pasvary-ŭ-sia z Alien-aj
pn [ nom . sg ] cause_to_quarrell( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl with pn - ins . sg
‘Ales had a quarrel with Alena.’

100. cost kaštavać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
hety kubak kaštu-je adzin daliar
this. nom . sg . m cup[ nom . sg ] cost( ipfv )- prs .3 sg one[ acc . sg . m ] dollar[ acc . sg ]
‘This cup costs one dollar.’

101. shoot at strelić

Valency pattern: NOM_uACC
X: NOM
Y: uACC
Locus: Y
Alieś streli-ŭ u ptušk-u
pn [ nom . sg ] shoot( pfv )- pst . sg . m in bird- acc . sg
‘Ales shot at the bird.’

102. pour nasypać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś nasypa-ŭ cukar
pn [ nom . sg ] pour( pfv )- pst . sg . m sugar[ acc . sg ]
‘Ales poured the sugar.’

103. lose zhubić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś zhubi-ŭ kliuč-y
pn [ nom . sg ] lose( pfv )- pst . sg . m key- acc . pl
‘Ales lost his keys.’

104. sink patanuć

Valency pattern: NOM_uLOC
X: NOM
Y: uLOC
Locus: Y
palien-a patanu-l-a ŭ vadz-je
log- nom . sg sink( pfv )- pst - sg . n in water- loc . sg
‘The log sank in the water.’

105. kill zabić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś zabi-ŭ Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] kill( pfv )- pst . sg . m pn - acc . sg
‘Ales killed Alena.’

106. hit udaryć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś udary-ŭ Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] hit( pfv )- pst . sg . m pn - acc . sg
‘Ales hit Alena.’

107. kiss pacalavać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś pacalava-ŭ Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] kiss( pfv )- pst . sg . m pn - acc . sg
‘Ales kissed Alena.’

108. read pračytać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś pračyta-ŭ cikav-uju knih-u
pn [ nom . sg ] read( pfv )- pst . sg . m interesting- acc . sg . f book- acc . sg
‘Ales read an interesting book.’

109. move (bodypart) pavarušyć

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Alieś pavarušy-ŭ paĺc-am
pn [ nom . sg ] stir( pfv )- pst . sg . m finger- ins . sg
‘Ales moved his finger.’

110. respect pavažać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś pavaža-je Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] respect( ipfv )- prs .3 sg pn - acc . sg
‘Ales respects Alena.’

111. be squeamish hrebavać

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Alieś hrebu-je brudn-ym posud-am
pn [ nom . sg ] be_squeamish( ipfv )- prs .3 sg dirty- ins . sg . m dishes- ins . sg
‘Ales is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

112. be content zadavolieny + COP

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Alieś zadavolien-y sva-im syn-am
pn [ nom . sg ] content- nom . sg . m one’s- ins . sg . m son- ins . sg
‘Ales is satisfied with his son.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

113. fall in love zakachacca

Valency pattern: NOM_uACC
X: NOM
Y: uACC
Locus: Y
Alieś zakacha-ŭ-sia ŭ Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] fall_in_love( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl in pn - acc . sg
‘Ales fell in love with Alena.’

114. trust daviarać

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Alieś daviara-je Alien-je
pn [ nom . sg ] trust( ipfv )- prs .3 sg pn - dat . sg
‘Ales trusts Alena.’

115. sympathise škadavać

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś škadu-je sv-aju mac-i
pn [ nom . sg ] sympathize( ipfv )- prs .3 sg one’s- acc . sg . f mother- acc . sg
‘Ales sympathises with his mother.’

116. envy zajzdroscić

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Alieś zajzdrosc-ić Alien-je
pn [ nom . sg ] envy( ipfv )- prs .3 sg pn - dat . sg
‘Ales envies Alena.’

117. be angry zlavacca

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Alieś zlu-jec-ca na Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] make_angry( ipfv )- prs .3 sg - refl on pn - acc . sg
‘Ales is angry with Alena.’

118. be surprised zdzivicca

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Alieś zdzivi-ŭ-sia het-amu padarunk-u
pn [ nom . sg ] surprise( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl this- dat . sg . m gift- dat . sg
‘Ales was surprised at this gift.’

119. love (tea) liubić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś liub-ić harbat-u
pn [ nom . sg ] like( ipfv )- prs .3 sg tea- acc . sg
‘Ales loves tea.’

120. enjoy atrymlivać asalodu

Valency pattern: NOM_adGEN
X: NOM
Y: adGEN
Locus: Y
Alieś atrymliva-je asalod-u ad harač-aj harbat-y
pn [ nom . sg ] get( ipfv )- prs .3 sg pleasure- acc . sg from_at hot- gen . sg . f tea- gen . sg
‘Ales enjoys hot tea.’

121. want chacieć

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś choč-a nov-y mabiĺnik
pn [ nom . sg ] want( ipfv )- prs .3 sg new- acc . sg . m mobile_phone[ acc . sg ]
‘Ales wants a new mobile phone.’

122. have a grudge sierdavać

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Alieś siardu-je na Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] get_angry( ipfv )- prs .3 sg on pn - acc . sg
‘Ales holds a grudge against Alena.’

123. take offence pakryŭdzicca

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Alieś pakryŭdzi-ŭ-sia na Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] offend( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl on pn - acc . sg
‘Ales took offence at Alena.’

124. upset zasmucić

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Alieś zasmuci-ŭ Alien-u
pn [ nom . sg ] upset( pfv )- pst . sg . m pn - acc . sg
‘Ales greatly upset Alena.’

125. marvel urazicca

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Alieś urazi-ŭ-sia het-ym horad-am
pn [ nom . sg ] amaze( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl this- ins . sg . m city- ins . sg
‘Ales was impressed by this town.’

126. despise pahardžać

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Alieś pahardža-je Alien-aj
pn [ nom . sg ] despise( ipfv )- prs .3 sg pn - ins . sg
‘Ales despises Alena.’

127. get upset zasmucicca

Valency pattern: NOM_zzaGEN
X: NOM
Y: zzaGEN
Locus: Y
Alieś zasmuci-ŭ-sia z-za sv-ajho syn-a
pn [ nom . sg ] upset( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl from_on-behind one’s- gen . sg . m son- gen . sg
‘Ales got upset with his son.’

128. get irritated razdražniacca

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Alieś razdražnia-jec-ca na sv-aju dačk-u
pn [ nom . sg ] irritate( ipfv )- prs .3 sg - refl on one’s- acc . sg . f daughter- acc . sg
‘Ales is getting irritated with his daughter.’

129. be fond simpatyzavać

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Alieś simpatyz-uje Alien-je
pn [ nom . sg ] be_fond( ipfv )- prs .3 sg pn - dat . sg
‘Ales is fond of Alena.’

130. be shy saromiecca

Valency pattern: NOM_GEN
X: NOM
Y: GEN
Locus: Y
Alieś saromie-jec-ca sv-ajho rost-u
pn [ nom . sg ] cumber( ipfv )- prs .3 sg - refl one’s- gen . sg . m height- gen . sg
‘Ales is embarrassed about his height.’